条带式合成孔径雷达成像方法研究

提出准正侧视合成孔径雷达小斜视角度的校正方法和子孔径参考信号相位对齐算法．准正侧视合成孔径雷达(SAR)成像的校正方法采用正侧视的予孔径聚束算法对准正侧视SAR的实测数据进行成像，根据所成的像估计出小角度斜视角，采用校正的斜视子孔径聚束算法完成最后的成像．子孔径参考信号相位对齐算法本质是将各个子孔径参考信号的相位调整为同相，并构造新的聚束窗函数进行SAR成像．理论分析指出，在不增加采样数据的条件下，该方法能增大雷达方位向成像场景范围．计算机仿真结果证实了所提方法的正确性．     

斜视圆迹环扫SAR模式特性分析及成像方法简

Circular scanning SAR(CSSAR) is a new mode for fast large area SAR imaging by increasing the azimuth scanning speed. The squint CSSAR possesses the advantages that the side-looking CSSAR does not have due to its unique observing direction. However, the available signal characteristic analysis and imaging method for side-looking CSSAR become questionable when applied to the squint CSSAR. This paper establishes the echo range model and analyzes several parameters such as azimuth scanning speed, Doppler characteristics and azimuth resolution according to the moving feature of squint CSSAR. Furthermore, the internal relationship between the squint CSSAR and the classical stripmap mode is revealed. The range approximation model as well as the corresponding imaging method is analyzed. Computer simulation results validate the conclusions and the imaging method.     

New method for azimuth-dependent correction of highly squint missile-borne SAR subaperture imaging

Squinted imaging is one of the most important modes in the missile-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Usually, from the view of practical applications, the missile-borne SAR adopts subaperture processing in order to implement quick look imaging. In the highly squint mode, the echo signal couples greatly between range and azimuth, so traditional algorithms perform the linear range walk correction in the azimuth time domain firstly to mitigate greatly the range-azimuth coupling, which causes the problem of position dependent azimuth phase, resulting in the azimuth uniform processing disabled and impacting the azimuth depth of focus (DOF). Based on the deep analysis of the instantaneous slant range model in the highly squint missile-borne SAR, this paper proposes high-order phase filtering to correct azimuth-dependence for implementing the identical azimuth-focusing processing. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

双站SAR图像几何失真校正方法研究

针对双站合成孔径雷达(SAR)中由于发射机、接收机斜视角和速度的不同导致获取图像存在几何失真的问题,提出了一种基于坐标尺度变换的双站SAR图像几何失真校正方法．首先根据双站SAR的几何关系,详细分析了目标的斜距历程．采用等效相位中心原理,将双站SAR模型等效于单站SAR模型,结合RD成像算法,建立了几何失真校正的数学模型．最后通过该数学模型,对静止二维点阵目标的成像结果进行了几何失真校正,校正结果与地面设定的场景完全一致,从而验证了该校正方法的有效性和正确性．     

利用回波数据的高分宽测机载SAR运动误差提取方法

为实现高分辨宽测绘带SAR成像,提出一种基于回波数据的高分辨宽测绘带机载SAR运动误差提取方法,有效弥补了基于惯性测量单元/全球定位系统(INS/GPS)提取的运动误差精度低的问题.首先采用一种基于图像对比度最优的方法对SAR回波数据进行相位误差估计,然后利用加权总体最小二乘(WTLS)基于空变相位误差模型反演运动轨迹...     

一种时域去走动的四阶模型SAR成像方法

针对大斜视SAR回波耦合性强问题,从提高斜距模型近似精度和距离徙动校正精度两方面对SAR成像进行了研究,推导了一种四阶SAR成像算法模型。首先为了提高模型近似度,将斜距展开到四次项,然后为了将距离向和方位向进行初步解耦,在时域进行走动补偿,通过级数反演法将信号转到二维频域进行距离弯曲校正,方位匹配滤波后得到聚焦后的SAR图像。该方法流程简单,便于实时处理。仿真结果表明,该方法具有较强斜视处理能力,取得了较高的成像分辨率。     

一种新的频域带宽合成的斜视高分辨SAR成像方法

针对步进频信号带宽合成存在相位跃变的问题,提出一种新的频域带宽合成方法.由于雷达与目标相对运动是导致合成频谱相位跃变的主要原因,因此,该方法根据雷达与目标相对运动的斜距形式对各个子脉冲引入的相位误差进行补偿.文中采用了改进的步进频数据处理方法,首先对子频带进行脉冲压缩,然后进行带宽合成、二次距离压缩及徙动校正,从而避免了子频带进行徙动校正后对带宽合成的影响.在完成带宽合成后,采用调频变标(Chirp Scaling,CS)算法得到了斜视二维高分辨合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像.为了证明该方法的有效性,给出了仿真及实测数据的处理结果.由理论仿真与实测数据的对比分析可知,该方法有效地实现了窄带步进频信号合成宽带信号.     

高低轨异构双基地SAR改进CS成像算法

针对地球同步轨道卫星发射-低轨道卫星被动接收的异构双基合成孔径雷达系统中,由于收发时延长和接收机速度快导致的“走-停”假设不成立,复杂成像几何下回波信号在距离向和方位向具有严重空变性的问题,提出一种基于二维时域扰动的改进线性调频变标成像算法．首先基于双基观测几何推导出非“走-停”假设下的信号模型;然后通过时域扰动的方法校正回波二维空变性;最后对残余相位进行补偿．仿真实验表明,该算法可实现高低轨双基合成孔径雷达高分辨率宽幅场景的良好聚焦,且具有很好的保相性能．     

高超声速飞行器成像算法

高超声速飞行器是目前各国航空航天发展的重点．搭载其上的合成孔径雷达成像系统面临两方面的问题：一个是多普勒与快时间的耦合,另一个是斜视成像的校正问题．借鉴调频连续波合成孔径雷达的几何模型,提出了一种去耦合的扩展的频域变标成像算法,可在一定的斜视角下解耦合并且无失真高精度成像．     

Imaging algorithm for highly squinted SAR data processing based on phase disturbing

For quick look imaging, a phase disturbing algorithm (PDA) for focusing synthetic aperture radar (SAR)subaperture data acquired at a high squint angle is proposed. First, the signal model is addressed and then the range processing and azimuth processing are analyzed in detail. The PDA performs the linear range walk correction (LRWC) in the time domain and the range cell curvature correction (RCCC) in the frequency domain to mitigate the range-azimuth coupling. Additionally, a disturbing phase is introduced in the frequency domain to remove the variation of the Doppler chirp rate with the azimuth position caused by LRWC in the time domain,and so an identical reference function can be employed in azimuth processing. Simulated results and raw data processing validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.