七叶一枝花的化学成分研究

目的研究七叶一枝花Paris polyphylla Smith var.chinensis(Franch.)Hara的化学成分。方法溶剂提取后,利用正相硅胶色谱,反向制备色谱,ODS柱色谱等手段对该植物的乙酸乙酯和正丁醇部位提取物进行分离与纯化,并通过核磁共振碳谱(~(13)C NMR),核磁共振氢谱(~~1H NMR)和电子轰击质谱(EI-MS)等波谱技术进行结构鉴定。结果从乙酸乙酯层和正丁醇层分离得到10个化合物,经分离鉴定为β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ),槲皮素(Ⅱ),胡萝卜苷(Ⅲ),豆甾醇(Ⅳ),偏诺皂苷元-3-O-α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖基-(1→4)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ),熊果酸(Ⅵ),薯蓣皂苷元-3-O-α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖基-(1→4)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(Ⅶ),葡萄糖(Ⅷ),薯蓣皂苷元-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→4)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅸ),山奈酚(Ⅹ)。结论化合物Ⅱ,Ⅹ为种首发,化合物Ⅵ,Ⅷ为属首发。     

黄精中甾体皂苷的分离与结构鉴定

从黄精的乙醇提取物的正丁醇萃取相中分离到3个甾体皂苷,经1H-NMR13C-NMR、135DEPT测定分析,鉴定出这3个化合物分别是薯蓣皂苷元-3-0-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1-3)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→4)-[α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基(1→2)]β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷,薯蓣皂苷元-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基(1→2)-[α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基(1→4)-[α-L-吡喃葡萄糖苷,薯蓣皂苷元-3-O-α-L-,吡喃鼠李糖基(1→2)-[α-L-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→4)-[α-L-吡喃葡萄糖苷.其中皂苷I和Ⅲ在黄精中为首次报道.     

新疆野生樱桃李(Prunus cerasifera)叶黄酮类成分研究

此项目研究了新疆野生樱桃李叶乙酸乙酯活性部位中的黄酮类化学成分。采用甲醇浸泡提取野生樱桃李叶,依次采用环己烷、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取其醇提物。乙酸乙酯活性部分采用MCI (Middle Chromatogram Isolated Gel)大孔树脂柱粗分离,后续进一步采用硅胶柱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱,ODS (Octadecyl silane)反向硅胶柱和制备HPLC等色谱技术对其进行分离纯化,并根据化合物理化性质和核磁共振波谱(NMR)数据并与相关参考文献比对鉴定化合物结构。从野生樱桃李叶中共分离并鉴定11个黄酮类化合物,分别为:槲皮素-3-O-α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖苷(1),槲皮素-3-O-β-D-木糖苷(2),槲皮素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷(3),槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(4),山柰酚-3-O-α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖苷(5),山柰酚-3-O-β-D-木糖苷(6),山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7),山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(8),反式-二氢山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(9),顺式-二氢山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(10),顺式-二氢山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(11)。所有黄酮类成分均为首次从新疆野生樱桃李叶中分离鉴定,槲皮素和山柰酚糖苷是其主要的黄酮类成分。     

大花红景天乙醇提取物的化学成分研究

研究了人工种植的大花红景天醇提物的化学成分.采用溶剂法和柱色谱法分离纯化,通过波谱分析鉴定其化合物的结构.结果表明,从70%乙醇提取物中分离得到4个化合物,分别鉴定为3,5,7,8-四羟基-黄酮4′-氧-α-L-鼠李糖吡喃甙(1)、草质素-7-0- (3″-0-β-D-葡萄糖基)-α-L-鼠李糖苷(2)、酪醇(3)、红景天苷(4).而且化合物Ⅰ为首次从该种植物中分离得到.人工种植的大花红景天其主要成分与野生相同,药材质量与野生的相似.可以相互替代使用.     

南山茶籽中4个多酚化合物的鉴定

为了综合开发利用油茶资源,对南山茶饼乙醇提取物的组分进行制备和鉴定。将经过乙酸乙酯萃取和硅胶柱层析分离纯化收集的XVII、XXVII、XXVIII和XXXIV4个组分进行HPLC制备,得到了5个纯度较高的化合物。化合物4的解析已另文报道,通过波谱分析确定4个化合物分别为:原儿茶酸(化合物1)、芹菜素-6-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(化合物2)、山奈酚3-O-[α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1-3)-2,4-O-乙酰基-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1-6)-]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(化合物3)和山奈酚3-O-[α-L-鼠李糖-(1-3)-α-L-鼠李糖-(1-6)]-β-D-葡萄糖甙(化合物5)。对山茶属植物中提取到的化合物3和南山茶中分离到的化合物2和化合物5进行了详细解析,对这3个化合物的~1 H和~(13) C化学位移信号进行了全归属。     

元宝枫种仁70%乙醇提取物的化学成分分析

目的:对新资源食品元宝枫种仁中的化学成分进行研究。方法:采用硅胶、聚酰胺、凝胶(Sephadex LH-20)柱色谱及重结晶等技术进行分离纯化,综合运用质谱和波谱学方法鉴定化合物结构。结果:从元宝枫种仁70%乙醇溶液提取物中分离鉴定了12种化合物,分别为二氢去氢二愈创木基醇-4'-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(1)、1,2,3,6-四没食子酰基-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(2)、1,2,3,4,6-五没食子酰基-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(3)、槲皮素(4)、山柰酚-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(5)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(6)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(7)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷(8)、阿夫儿茶素(9)、儿茶素(10)、表儿茶素(11)、胡萝卜苷(12)。结论:经Sci Finder检索发现,化合物1~12均为首次从元宝枫种仁中分离得到,其中化合物1、2、9~11为首次从槭树属植物中分离得到。     

番木瓜中皂苷类成分的研究

目的：研究番木瓜果肉的化学成分,寻找活性物质。方法：用85% 乙醇提取,大孔吸附树脂、ODS、MCI 柱层析进行分离,NMR 波谱法鉴定化合物的结构。结果：从番木瓜果肉乙醇提取物中分离到3 种化合物,分别为2β,3β - 二羟基- 乌苏酸(Ⅰ)、3-O- 葡萄糖- 甾苷(Ⅱ)、薯蓣皂苷元-3-O- β -D- 吡喃葡萄糖基(1 → 3)- β -D- 吡喃葡萄糖基(1 → 4)-[α -L- 吡喃鼠李糖基(1 → 2)]- β -D- 吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ)。     

百合助眠活性组分的筛选和分析

对百合助眠的活性组分进行筛选并对有效成分进行分析。用直接睡眠实验和延长戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间实验对百合助眠作用的有效成分进行研究;用大孔树脂、MCI等方法分离具有助眠作用的有效成分;用核磁共振对有效成分进行结构鉴定。百合的正丁醇提取物能显著增加小鼠睡眠率、睡眠时间,促进小鼠更快进入睡眠。经分离,得到的主要物质结构为(25R)-3β,17α-二羟基-5α-螺甾烷-6-酮-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷和(25R)-3β-羟基-5α-螺甾烷-6-酮-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷。百合的正丁醇提取物具有显著助眠作用,其中具有助眠作用的主要物质为甾体皂苷。     

山香圆叶化学成分研究

目的研究山香圆叶的化学成分。方法采用色谱技术进行分离、纯化,通过理化常数和波谱分析鉴定化合物结构。结果从山香圆叶中分离出10个化合物,分别为芹菜素(1),芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡糖苷(2),芹菜素-7-新橙皮糖苷(3),芹菜素-7-(2′-α-L-鼠李糖基)芸香糖苷(4),对羟基桂皮酸(5),没食子酸乙酯(6),没食子酸(7),eucomic acid(8),β-谷甾醇(9),胡萝卜苷(10)。结论化合物4~6,8,9为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

百子菜化学成分的分离与鉴定

从百子菜(Gynura divaricata(L.)DC.)中分离得到9个化合物,根据理化性质和波谱数据,分别鉴定为山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖苷(1)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖苷(2)、4-桉叶烯-3α,11-二醇(3)、caryolane-1,9β-dio(l4)、阿魏酸(5)、松脂素-4-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(6)、莨菪亭(7)、姜油酮-4-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(8)和5,5-二甲基-4-羟基-四氢呋喃-2-酮(9)。除化合物2外,其余化合物均首次从该属中分离得到。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press