共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
乳清蛋白胶体物化特性的应用研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
乳清蛋白是生产干酪时的一种天然副产物,是牛奶中乳蛋白的主要成分之一,它不仅具有优异的营养特性,还具有独特的胶体物化特性。本文综述了利用乳清蛋白胶体特性发展的微胶囊和可食用包装膜技术的研究进展。利用乳清蛋白的凝胶特性,在合适的条件下制备以乳清蛋白为壁材的微胶囊,可以对功能成分进行包埋并实现肠溶缓释;制备具有一定机械强度和阻隔性的可食性蛋白膜,可以运载多种功能因子,作为食品包装减缓食品中的营养流失并延长食品的货架期。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
7.
乳清蛋白-木糖美拉德反应产物的成膜性及其膜包裹对核桃仁脂质过氧化的抑制作用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
乳清蛋白是常用的成膜材料,乳清蛋白膜对氧气等气体有良好的阻隔能力,但其机械强度和水蒸气透过率较差。本实验研究木糖质量浓度和甘油体积分数对乳清蛋白的膜物理和机械特性以及水蒸气透过率的影响,优化成膜最佳条件,并对乳清蛋白和乳清蛋白-木糖美拉德反应产物的成膜特性进行比较。观察用乳清蛋白膜和乳清蛋白-木糖美拉德反应产物膜分别包裹核桃仁后对核桃仁脂质过氧化的影响。结果表明,乳清蛋白-木糖美拉德反应产物的成膜最佳条件为: 乳清蛋白质量浓度10g/100 mL,木糖质量浓度5g/100 mL,甘油体积分数5%,在80℃加热45min或90℃加热30min。乳清蛋白-木糖美拉德反应产物膜的刺穿强度比乳清蛋白膜提高约1倍,拉伸强度提高约1.5倍,水蒸气透过率降低约24%。乳清蛋白-木糖美拉德反应产物膜包裹可以延缓核桃仁酸价的上升,而乳清蛋白膜对核桃仁的酸价上升无明显的抑制作用。 相似文献
8.
9.
本研究通过SDS-PAGE电泳将牛乳中不同蛋白质组成部分进行分离鉴定发现,乳脂肪球膜中存在201种蛋白,乳清中存在96种蛋白,酪蛋白中存在21种蛋白,乳粒中存在43种蛋白,其中有27种相同表达的蛋白。通过GO功能注释分析发现,在生物过程中乳脂肪球膜蛋白发挥的作用大于乳清、乳粒蛋白,尤其是生物的调控作用;在分子功能上,牛乳蛋白的主要分子功能是结合作用,其中乳脂肪球膜蛋白的结合作用最强;而乳粒蛋白参与的转运活性分子功能大于乳脂肪球膜、乳清蛋白。在细胞组成上,与乳清、乳粒蛋白相比乳脂肪球膜蛋白参与的细胞组成均较多,而在细胞膜的组成上乳粒蛋白参与较多。通过京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)代谢通路分析可知,乳脂肪球膜、乳清、乳粒中的蛋白均参与过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体信号通路。对牛乳蛋白质组成进行研究,不仅能够增加牛乳的利用率,并且为日后以乳脂肪球膜、乳粒蛋白作为原料生产乳制品提供理论依据。 相似文献
10.
食品蛋白质的功能性质(一)——乳清蛋白与酪蛋白 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
乳清蛋白和酪蛋白磷酸肽是极好的营养强化剂,其添加于食品中有利于人体健康.本文介绍了乳清蛋白和酪蛋白磷酸肽的功能特性及其在食品中的应用.由于其具有多种保健功能,在食品行业中其应用前景十分广泛. 相似文献
11.
Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration of whey are commercially successful techniques for adding value to whey. Advances in membrane performance and plant configuration have improved the efficiency of reverse osmosis for whey concentration to a level significantly greater than that of conventional evaporation. Ultrafiltration of whey k also well proven and can provide a range of protein products of diverse composition and functionality. 相似文献
12.
Elizabeth Boyle J. Bruce German Dr. Jay Whelan 《Critical reviews in food science and nutrition》1996,36(8):785-805
Monoglycerides are used abundantly in food systems, ingested and produced in vivo, and recognized as significant mediators in many biochemical processes, yet their function in various membrane systems is only understood at a hypothetical level. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the effects of monoglycerides in membrane systems from three diverse disciplines: nutrition, food science, and membrane biochemistry. An analysis of the data ranging from feeding studies to physical chemistry is given, detailing the role of these common molecules in biological membranes. 相似文献
13.
通过测试农用非织造布棚膜和塑料棚膜的拉伸强度、伸长率、透气性、透湿性和透光率等主要性能指标,并运用灰色关联的分析方法,将各种棚膜的性能进行总体分析和评价。结果表明,非织造布棚膜的拉伸强力、通透性及对温湿度的调节方面都远优于塑料棚膜,其透光性虽不及塑料棚膜,但其对光强度的调节能力是塑料棚膜所无法比拟的。 相似文献
14.
利用恒界面反应器,考察了流动载体,流动载体浓度,表面活性剂浓度。内相试剂浓度。制乳转速,油内比等因素对提取率的影响。用正交试验法设计实验。结果表明:在恒界面情况下,载体采用3%(V/V)三正辛胺(TOA),表面活性剂采用3%(V/V)span80。内相采用浓度为15%(W/V)Na2CO3,油内比Roi为1:1,制乳转速n=2000r/min是该实验液膜体系的较佳配方。 相似文献
15.
The membrane fluidity characteristics of multilamellar (MLV) and extruded liposomes prepared with kaempferol (K), kaempferol-3-glucoside (KG), (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC) or (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) are presented. Kaempferol caused the highest increase in fluorescence polarisation of DPH in both liposomes (other compounds had not) indicating that K with nK/nLip below 0.2 or 0.1 decreased the membrane fluidity, while at higher molar ratios the membrane fluidity increased. EPR measurements with MLV and spin probes MeFASL(10,3) and MeFASL(2,11) showed a significant decrease in fluidity in the upper part of the membrane for all flavonoids measured, and in the core of the membrane an increase in fluidity for EGCG and EGC. Computer simulation of the EPR spectra showed that the membrane of the MLV used was composed of at least three coexisting domain types with different fluidity and that the order parameter of the most ordered domains is responsible for membrane fluidity alterations. 相似文献
16.
PVC膜材料的光氧老化性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以PVC膜材料为对象,采用不同辐射强度的紫外线人工加速老化实验对其光氧老化过程进行研究。对老化过程中试样的黄度指数进行测试,并进行红外光谱和紫外光谱分析。测试结果表明:不同辐射强度下试样的老化机制没有发生变化,但当累积紫外线辐射能相同时,试样的老化程度并不一致,这是因为试样在不同辐射强度下的光氧老化速度与辐射强度不成比例关系,因此,互易定律不适用于PVC涂层膜材料寿命预测模型的建立,而根据Schwarzschild定律可很好地建立不同辐射强度下试样老化结果的相关性。 相似文献
17.
18.
In membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for wastewater treatment, membrane fouling, particularly biofouling caused by soluble microbial products (SMP), is a nuisance problem causing decreases in permeation flux. In a previous study, we identified primary biofoulants of microfiltration (MF) membranes in SMP as polysaccharides containing uronic acids that undergo inter- and intramolecular ionic cross-linking by polyvalent cations, forming a gelatinous mass that clogs membrane pores. In the present study, we therefore attempted to isolate biofoulant-degrading microorganisms from activated sludge on a polygalacturonic acid-overlaid agar medium and evaluate their efficiency for preventing biofouling of MF membranes. Among the isolates, the fungal strain HO1 identified as Phialemonium curvatum degraded 30% of polysaccharides containing uronic acids into smaller molecules in a SMP solution containing a high concentration of saccharides after 30 days of cultivation. Microfiltration tests using a laboratory-scale submerged MBR indicated that the filtration resistance of this degraded SMP solution was lower than that of the control SMP solution without fungal inoculation. Importantly, accumulation of gelatinous mass on the membrane responsible for biofouling was avoided in the SMP solution augmented with P. curvatum HO1 during the microfiltration test. This is the first report to describe a new method for avoiding biofouling of MBRs by microbial degradation of primary biofoulants. 相似文献
19.