感悟测试驱动开发

软件开发方法学的泰斗Kent Beck先生最为推崇“模式、极限编程和测试驱动开发”。在他所创造的极限编程(XP)方法论中,就向大家推荐“测试先行”这一最佳实践,并且还专门撰写了《测试驱动开发》一书,详细说明如何实现。测试驱动开发是极限编程的重要特点,它以不断的测试推动代码的开发,从而实现既简化代码,又保证质量的目标。一看到“测试先行”、“测试驱动”这样的名字,就深深地激起了我强烈的好奇心,开始了自己的探索之旅……     

极限编程在计算机本科毕业设计中的应用

极限编程是敏捷的和基于实践的软件开发方法学。本文将极限编程引入计算机专业本科毕业设计中,并探讨了在毕业设计中引入极限编程的意义,以及如何应用极限编程有效地进行毕业设计。     

极限编程在计算机本科毕业设计中的应用

极限编程是敏捷的和基于实践的软件开发方法学。本文将极限编程引入计算机专业本科毕业设计中,并探讨了在毕业设计中引入极限编程的意义,以及如何应用极限编程有效地进行毕业设计。     

极限编程在项目实践教学中的应用探索

极限编程是一种轻量级的软件开发方法。该文在介绍极限编程主要特点的基础上,探讨了在计算机项目实践教学中引入极限编程方法的必要性,以及如何在计算机项目实践教学中有效地应用极限编程方法。     

极限编程在计算机本科毕业设计中的应用

极限编程是敏捷的和基于实践的软件开发方法学。本文将极限编程引入计算机专业本科毕业设计中。并探讨了在毕业设计中引入极限编程的意义，以及如何应用极限编程有效地进行毕业设计。     

极限编程的质量保证分析

极限编程是敏捷软件开发方法的代表,在敏捷的同时能否保证最终软件产品的高质量成为我们所关心的问题。通过讨论质量管理的一般过程、对比极限编程相比其它软件过程的特点,从外部过程的控制和内部代码两个角度分析了极限编程控制软件产品质量的方法。分析结果表明,极限编程能够保证一定的软件质量。     

敏捷开发:极限编程在管理信息系统开发中的实践探讨

极限编程是敏捷的和基于实践的软件开发方法学。通过介绍极限编程的特点及其在一个管理信息系统项目实际开发中的成功实践,探讨研究了极限编程对于中小型需求易变的软件开发项目应用的优势和不足。     

极限编程在管理信息系统的应用及改进

极限编程是敏捷的和基于1实践的软件开发方法。文章分析了极限编程的核心理念、特点和实践原则,针对极限编程的不足,并结合RUP和其它敏捷方法,提出了适应于管理信息系统的开发方法——MISXP,并成功进行了实践。     

极限编程在进销存管理系统开发中的应用

极限编程是敏捷方法中最著名的一种基于实践的软件开发方法.通过介绍极限编程的特点以及在进销存管理系统项目开发中的实践,探讨研究了极限编程对于需求易变的小型信息管理软件开发项目应用的优势.     

小团队结对编程实践研究和重构

结对编程是两个软件开发者在一台电脑前一起工作的一种编程实践,是极限编程方法的基础。对于软件产品的开发,人的知识是项目成功的重要因素。在组织的软件过程改进中,合适地引入结对编程,有利于知识的共享并营造团队合作的氛围,进而改善产品质量和缩短完成时间。不同规模的组织采用的软件过程的不同,对结对编程的引入会有不同的影响,所以在实践中结对编程的重构是必需的。基于小型组织和敏捷过程的项目实践,给出了一个切合实际的结对编程重构方案,进而提高小团队的生产效率。     

知识图谱构建技术:分类、调查和未来方向

知识图谱的概念由谷歌于2012年提出,随后逐渐成为人工智能领域的一个研究热点,已在信息搜索、自动问答、决策分析等应用中发挥作用。虽然知识图谱在各领域展现出了巨大的潜力,但不难发现目前缺乏成熟的知识图谱构建平台,需要对知识图谱的构建体系进行研究,以满足不同的行业应用需求。文中以知识图谱构建为主线,首先介绍目前主流的通用知识图谱和领域知识图谱,描述两者在构建过程中的区别;然后,分类讨论图谱构建过程中存在的问题和挑战,并针对这些问题和挑战,分类描述目前图谱构建过程中的知识抽取、知识表示、知识融合、知识推理、知识存储5个层面的解决方法和策略;最后,展望未来可能的研究方向。     

基于粗集分类和遗传算法的知识库集成方法

As the base of intelligent system, it is very important to guarantee the consistency and non-redundancy of knowledge in knowledge database. Since the variety of knowledge sources, it is necessary to dispose knowledge with redundancy, inclusion and even contradiction during the integration of knowledge database. This paper researches the integration method based on the multi-knowledge database. Firstly, it finds out the inconsistent knowledge sets between the knowledge databases by rough set classification and presents one method eliminating the inconsistency by test data. Then, it regards consistent knowledge sets as the initial population of genetic calculation and constructs a genetic adaptive function based on accuracy, practicability and spreadability of knowledge representation to carry on the genetic calculation. Lastly, classifying the results of genetic calculation reduces the knowledge redundancy of knowledge database. This paper also presents a frameworkfor knowledge database integration based on the rough set classification and genetic algorithm.     

ISTAR — a tool for creative design of knowledge bases

This paper gives a comprehensive explanation of the Istar knowledge representation software tool. Not only does it describe the features and facilities found in Istar, but it discusses why they are as they are.
Istar is one of a new generation of knowledge representation tools, aimed at ill-structured domains of knowledge. While it can be used in traditional KBS projects, in which pieces of knowledge from a domain expert are assembled to form a working knowledge base, it is designed for situations in which there is a large element of creative design: knowledge refinement and generation resulting from the knowledge representation process.
The knowledge representation 'language' is purely graphical; the knowledge engineer 'draws' knowledge on an easel as a box and arrows diagram. Behind this diagram is the knowledge base itself, in the form of integrated inference nets, Bayesian nets and semantic nets. This paper discusses the reasons for these design choices and, briefly, some of the issues faced in development of Istar.     

Development of a Composite Knowledge Manipulation Tool: K-Expert

A goal of this study is to develop a Composite Knowledge Manipulation Tool (CKMT). Some of traditional medical activities are rely heavily on the oral transfer of knowledge, with the risk of losing important knowledge. Moreover, the activities differ according to the regions, traditions, experts’ experiences, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an integrated and consistent knowledge manipulation tool. By using the tool, it will be possible to extract the tacit knowledge consistently, transform different types of knowledge into a composite knowledge base (KB), integrate disseminated and complex knowledge, and complement the lack of knowledge. For the reason above, I have developed the CKMT called as K-Expert and it has four advanced functionalities as follows. Firstly, it can extract/import logical rules from data mining (DM) with the minimum of effort. I expect that the function can complement the oral transfer of traditional knowledge. Secondly, it transforms the various types of logical rules into database (DB) tables after the syntax checking and/or transformation. In this situation, knowledge managers can refine, evaluate, and manage the huge-sized composite KB consistently with the support of the DB management systems (DBMS). Thirdly, it visualizes the transformed knowledge in the shape of decision tree (DT). With the function, the knowledge workers can evaluate the completeness of the KB and complement the lack of knowledge. Finally, it gives SQL-based backward chaining function to the knowledge users. It could reduce the inference time effectively since it is based on SQL query and searching not the sentence-by-sentence translation used in the traditional inference systems. The function will give the young researchers and their fellows in the field of knowledge management (KM) and expert systems (ES) more opportunities to follow up and validate their knowledge. Finally, I expect that the approach can present the advantages of mitigating knowledge loss and the burdens of knowledge transformation and complementation.     

基于超图网络的产品设计知识智能推荐方法研究

面向产品设计的知识管理系统中,为了提高知识库中海量设计知识推荐的效率和效果,从产品结构知识、过程知识以及知识标识三个维度构建了设计知识文档超图网络,利用hyper2vec技术建立了知识表示模型,生成了知识特征向量库。采用用户行为信息,提出了基于超边序列的Markov知识推荐模型,预测候选知识文档。通过知识特征向量相似度扩充候选集,建立个性化用户兴趣模型对候选推荐集进行过滤和排序。在冷镦机专利的知识服务系统中进行应用验证,实验表明该推荐方法在推荐准确度和多样性方面有着良好的效果,验证了其可行性和有效性。     

融合多模态资源的教育知识图谱的内涵、技术与应用研究

传统的教育知识图谱研究多数面向文本资源,忽略了多模态资源对教育知识的解读作用及其自身丰富的特征表示。为了更好地推进后续研究工作,以多模态资源为切入点,对教育知识图谱进行综述。首先,介绍了知识图谱的概念和分类;其次,综述了教育知识图谱的内涵,对教育知识图谱的定义、分类及其构建框架进行梳理;结合以神经网络为代表的深度学习方式,对教育知识图谱的构建技术进行重点介绍;最后,总结了教育知识图谱的相关应用,并指出当前研究中存在的问题与未来的研究方向。     

知识发现及其应用研究回顾

介绍了知识发展的背景,描述了知识发现的发展过程,知识类型,所使用的数据库,重点介绍知识发现在各个领域的应用如：农业,医学,环保,天文,金融,零售,军事,Internet等。     

Knowledge Modeling of Program Supervision Task and its Application to Knowledge Base Verification

This paper presents a knowledge-level analysis of the program supervision task based on two different systems: PEGASE and PULSAR. A knowledge-level analysis of a knowledge-based system reveals the organisation of the knowledge it uses and how it uses this knowledge to solve the task. It is also the key to determine the properties that it assumes about domain knowledge. These aspects of knowledge-level analysis have been successfully used as a framework to compare different systems, mostly for knowledge engineering purposes. This paper also describes how domain knowledge assumptions have been exploited in the implementation of a verification module for program supervision knowledge bases.     

基于XML描述的知识框架及可视化设计实现

结合知识表示的三种主流方法,实现了基于XML的知识框架表示,并结合该知识表示形式,设计实现了可视化组件JForest,实现知识模型调用、规则等的可视化建立,根据可视化的知识模型、规则设计器,完成知识模型及规则知识的建立。从而在提高智能农业信息系统开发平台可视化交互能力的基础上,大大方便应用系统开发。     

Assessing the contribution of knowledge to business performance: the KP methodology

Knowledge is inherently difficult to measure. However, without valid and reliable measurement, it is very difficult to develop a comprehensive theory of knowledge and provide a practical guide for knowledge management. In this paper, we do not measure knowledge directly, but assess how much knowledge contributes to business performance. The KP³ methodology developed in this paper assesses the contribution of knowledge to business performance by employing product and process as intermediaries between the two. The understanding of the contribution is essential because it makes it possible to assess the productivities of knowledge entities, evaluate and compensate knowledge workers, and to allocate and develop human capital.