相容性对PA66/POE共混材料形态、微结构及力学性能的影响

采用SEM、TEM、DSC及材料力学性能实验方法研究了马来酸酐 ( MAH ) 接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物弹性体 ( POE ) 对PA66/POE共混材料形态、微结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明:热引发官能化POE产物 ( POE-g-MAH ) 可显著改善PA66/POE共混材料的相容性,使材料分散相尺寸减小,分布均匀,且材料缺口冲击强度显著增大。实验发现,PA66/POE-g-MAH共混材料分散相的弹性体颗粒内部存在较多份量的有序结构,材料中的分散相颗粒具有明显促进结晶的作用,此作用引起PA66基体结晶温度增加,结晶度增大,并在分散相质量分数为15% 的脆韧转变条件下,达到极大值。试样熔体的冷却速率越快,则此种促进结晶的作用就越明显。      

增韧PA1010的力学性能及熔融与结晶行为

采用熔融共混法制备了PA1010/纳米橡胶/POE-g-MAH共混物,测试了共混材料的力学性能,用DSC法研究了熔融和结晶行为.结果表明,共混物的冲击强度显著提高,在纳米橡胶质量含量为10%时达到极大值.纳米橡胶并未降低PA1010的拉伸强度,加入POE-g-MAH后略有降低.共混物的熔融过程呈现双峰,纳米橡胶的加入提高了高温峰的熔融焓.纳米橡胶促进了共混物结晶峰向高温区移动.     

PP-g-MAH对PA6/PP/TLCP三元共混物的增容改性作用

研究了PP-g-MAH对PA6／PP／TLCP三元共混体系的增容作用以及对共混物流变性能和力学性能的影响。通过共混物的DSC、SEM、POM、流变性能和力学性能测试，结果表明，PP－g-MAH对共混体系有明显的增容作用，共混物的力学性能（拉伸强度和冲击强度）得到提高；由于TLCP的加入，共混物的熔体粘度大大低于PA6的熔体粘度。     

聚丙烯接枝物反应挤出增容PP/PA6共混物的形态结构

采有PP熔融接枝MAH和不饱和羧酸混合单体通过反应挤出增容PP/PA6共混物，研究了增容共混物的形态结构。SEM、TEM观察表明，接枝物能明显降低共混物的分散相尺寸，改善体系的分散状况，提高共混物两相的相容性；增容共混物的两相界面结合改善，相界面变得模糊。WAXD、DSC测试表明，用该接枝物增容后的共混物，组分的Xc下降，分散相微晶尺才减小。研究结果表明该接枝物是PP/PA6共混体系的有效增容剂。     

OMMT/PEO-PP复合材料相形态及其透光性能

通过熔融共混制备了有机蒙脱土 (OMMT)/聚氧化乙烯(PEO)- 聚丙烯(PP)复合材料, 采用TEM、 SEM、 DSC、 透光率分析等手段研究了OMMT在PEO-PP共混物中的分布及OMMT对共混物相形态、 OMMT含量对复合材料透光率的影响。结果表明, OMMT选择性分布在PEO分散相内部及两相界面, 对PEO-PP共混物起到增容作用, OMMT 的加入使PEO相粒径得到细化, 粒径尺寸趋于均匀, PP球晶尺寸明显减小, 复合材料的透明性显著增加。      

环氧树脂低聚物原位增容PA66/TLCP共混物

用环氧树脂低聚物作界面增容剂,熔融挤出法制备了PA66/TLCP共混物。通过拉伸、弯曲等力学性能测试并结合热失重(TG)分析,结果表明:环氧树脂低聚物增容后的共混物力学性能、热稳定性均有显著提高。共混物断面SEM扫描结果表明,由于环氧树脂低聚物界面增容作用,分散相TLCP在基体PA66中的分散性提高并且相畴尺寸减小。加工流变学测试和红外光谱显示,环氧树脂低聚物与基体树脂PA66和分散相TLCP分子在熔融加工过程中原位发生化学反应,环氧树脂低聚物在共混物界面起到桥的作用。     

PA6／UHMWPE／HDPE-g-MAH共混物反应增容作用的研究

通过DSC,SEM,Molau试验和力学性能测试,研究了PA6／UHMWPE共混过程中HDPE－g-MAH对体系的增容作用,力学性能及结晶行为的影响,结果表明,共混体系为热力这不相容体系,在熔融共混过程中,PA6和HDPE－g-MAH发生化学反应,生成的枝共聚物对PA6／UHWMPE体系有增容作用,分析性和界面形态以及力学性能明显改善,共混体系中两相的结晶行为亦发生变化,尼龙组分的熔融热焓明显下降。     

苯乙烯与丙烯酸改性PP/PS共混物的相形态与动态力学性能

制备了反应性单体(S t、AA)改性PP/PS共混物,用TEM、SEM、POM和DM A研究了改性对PP/PS共混物的相结构与动态力学性能的影响。结果表明,反应单体存在异相成核作用与增容作用,并促进PS在PP中的分散,分散相粒子尺寸和PP球晶尺寸明显变小,AA的异相成核作用比S t的大。反应性单体改性提高共混物的储存和损耗模量,AA单体改性共混物的储存模量(E′)和损耗能量(E″)比S t改性的高。     

液晶聚合物对尼龙1010/聚丙烯共混合金的结晶行为和力学性能的影响

用DSC研究了液晶聚合物（LCP）的含量对PA1010／聚丙烯（PP）共混合金结晶和熔融行为的影响：用TGA研究了共混合金的热稳定性：用拉伸试验检测共混材料的力学性能。结果表明：PA1010／PP共混合金中加入0．6％－0．8％（质量）LCP时能起微纤增强和异相成核剂作用,提高合金结晶温度和结晶度,使结晶完善程度略有增加,结晶速率略受影响,并且共混材料的拉伸强度明显增强,但对其热稳定性影响不大。当LCP含量增加到5％时,将作为独立组分在共混合金中起作用,使PA1010和PP的结晶峰均出现明显分峰现象,共混材料的力学性能和热稳定性显著下降。     

增容作用和动态固化对聚丙烯/环氧树脂共混物形态结构的影响

研究了增容作用和动态固化对聚丙烯(PP)/环氧树脂(EP)共混物形态结构的影响。实验结果表明,PP/EP共混物是不相容共混体系,当环氧树脂含量小于50%时,共混物中环氧树脂以分散相存在,PP为连续相。反之,则共混物的相态发生相反转,即环氧树脂为连续相,PP为分散相。加入马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(M AH-g-PP)促进环氧树脂与PP的相容性,使得分散相的颗粒明显变小。与PP/EP和PP/M AH-g-PP/EP共混物不同,当环氧树脂含量大于50%时,动态固化PP/EP和PP/M AH-g-PP/EP共混物仍是环氧树脂分散相和PP连续相结构,未出现相反转。对于相同含量环氧树脂的共混物,动态固化PP/M AH-g-PP/EP共混物中环氧树脂分散相尺寸明显小于动态固化PP/EP共混物中环氧树脂分散相尺寸。     

Effect of EVOH on the morphology,mechanical and barrier properties of PA6/POE-g-MAH/EVOH ternary blends

Polyamide 6 (PA6)/maleated poly(ethylene-1-octene) (POE-g-MAH) blends with various ethylene–vinyl alcohol (EVOH) concentrations were prepared via melt-blending. The morphology, mechanical and barrier properties of the blends were investigated in terms of scanning electron microscope (SEM), impact/tensile testing, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and oil absorption rate. The SEM images indicated that the compatibility between PA6 and POE-g-MAH was improved significantly after the incorporation of EVOH. The toughness of blends was correlated with the morphology of the POE-g-MAH and EVOH dispersion phase. It has also demonstrated that the incorporation of EVOH increased evidently the tensile strength, storage modulus and barrier properties, which were contributed to the strong interactions formed through the reaction among PA 6, POE-g-MAH and EVOH.     

尼龙11/POE共混物的形态与力学性能

采用动态力学分析(DMTA)和扫描电镜(SEM)等方法研究了相容剂乙烯辛烯共聚物接枝马来酸酐聚合物(POE-g-MAH)对尼龙11(PA11)共混体系力学性能及共混物形态的影响。结果表明,混合弹性体中m(POE-g-MAH)/m(POE)=2∶1时,PA11共混物的缺口冲击强度达到81.2 kJ/m2;共混物缺口冲击强度对MAH接枝率敏感;加入混合弹性体,共混体系分子间的作用力增大,损耗峰向高温方向移动,Tg升高;PA11与POE各个共混体系的β松弛峰高显著低于纯PA11的,加入POE和POE-g-MAH可有效降低PA11的吸水性;POE-g-MAH可显著改善PA11/POE共混材料的相容性,使分散相尺寸减小,分布均匀,且材料缺口冲击强度显著增大。     

PVC/PA1010/SBS-g-MAH共混体系研究

制备了ＳＢＳ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ接枝聚合物,并对其进行了表征,以ＳＢＳ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ作为ＰＶＣ／ＰＡ１０１０共混体系的增剂,对不同配比的ＰＶＣ／ＰＡ１０１０／ＳＢＳ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ共混体系的物理力学性能,流变性及差热性等进行了研究,结果表明,ＳＢＳ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ接枝聚合物对ＰＶＣ／ＰＡ１０１０共混体系起到了明显的增容作用,得到了缺口冲击强度及拉伸强度均较高的ＰＶＣ／ＰＡ１０１０／ＳＢＳ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ共混物。     

PA1010/MGEPR共混物的力学性能

尼龙1010是我国首创的一种性能优良的工程塑料，为提高其干戍 低温冲击韧性，用Brabender PLE331型塑化仪制备了PA1010／MGEPR共混物，讨论了配料方式，MGEPR用量，丁基橡胶用量，螺杆转速等对共混物冲击强度，拉伸强度等力学性能的影响，结果表明，如采用PA1010／MGEPR（2）和PA1010／MGEPR（4）共混体系，则冲击强度较PA1010有明显提高，当螺转速为37r/min-47r/min时，混合效果较好，当丁基橡胶为乙丙橡胶（EPR）含量的10％（质量）时，共混物的冲击强度优良。     

聚丙烯/尼龙1010的失效强度预报

在定义了聚丙烯最小体积分数基础上由聚丙烯(PP)和尼龙1010(PA1010)性能预报了共混物的极限失效强度。试验结果表明,V(PP)／V(PA1010)=40／60时材料强度最低,利用简化力学模型计算的PP最小体积分数约为32％,接近于由共混物微观形貌观察到的发生相转接区域体积分数值,说明材料在相反转区力学性能也有相应的转变。在PP／PA1010中添加增容剂PP—g—MAH使转折点位置发生了变化,失效强度较未加增容剂有所提高．在PA1010含量＞40％时与预报结果符合更好。     

PP/PA1010共混物的形态结构及力学性能的研究

利用红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜和力学测试等方法, 甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯熔融接枝聚丙烯ＰＰ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ对不同组成的ＰＰ／ＰＡ１０１０共混物形态结构和力学性能的影响。     

Morphologies and physical properties of PA1010/HIPS/HIPS-g-MA ternary blends

The effect of the content of a copolymer consisting of high impact polystyrene grafted with maleic anhydride (HIPS-g-MA) on morphological and mechanical properties of PA1010/HIPS blends has been studied. Blend morphologies were controlled by adding HIPS-g-MA during melt processing, thus the dispersion of the HIPS phase and interfacial adhesion between the domains and matrices in these blends were changed obviously. The weight fractions of HIPS-g-MA in the blends increased from 2.5 to 20, then much finer dispersions of discrete HIPS phase with average domain sizes decreased from 6.1 to 0.1 m were obtained. It was found that a compatibilizer, a graft copolymer of HIPS-g-MA and PA1010 was synthesized in situ during the melt mixing of the blends. The mechanical properties of compatibilized blends were obviously better than those of uncompatibilized PA1010/HIPS blends. These behaviors could be attributed to the chemical interactions between the two components of PA1010 and HIPS-g-MA and good dispersion in PA1010/HIPS/HIPS-g-MA blends. Evidence of reactions in the blends was seen in the morphology and mechanical behaviour of the solid. The blend containing 5 wt% HIPS-g-MA component exhibited outstanding toughness.     

PA6-66-1010/MCPA6复合材料的结构与性能

采用原位聚合法制备了三元共聚尼龙6-66-1010(PA6-66-1010)与原位浇铸尼龙6(MCPA6)的共混复合材料。利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)、动态热机械分析(DMA)、力学性能测试和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征复合材料的结晶熔融行为、动态力学性能、力学性能及断裂破坏形貌。结果表明,PA6-66-1010的加入,使得复合材料中MCPA6分子间的氢键作用减弱、分子链活动性增加;复合材料的结晶温度、熔融温度、结晶度随着PA6-66-1010含量的增加而下降;PA6-66-1010的加入,破坏了MCPA6分子间氢键的规整性,使得复合材料韧性得到提高而强度变化不大;当PA6-66-1010含量为10%时,复合材料断裂伸长率提高近6倍。     

Toughening mechanism of PA1010/ester-based TPU blends

To improve the notched impact strength of polyamide-1010 (PA1010), it was modified with a thermoplastic poly (ester urethane) elastomer (ester-based TPU). The notched impact strength of PA1010/ester-based TPU blends was investigated by using an impact tester and the fracture morphology of PA1010/ester-based TPU blends was investigated by means of SEM. In the impact experiments, it was found that the notched impact strength of the blends is obviously higher than that of pure PA1010, and the fracture surfaces of the blends show a corrugated and oriented structure. The results indicate that the brittle-to-tough transition of the blends occurs when the content of ester-based TPU is 20 wt.% and there is a new toughening mechanism, which is the multi-layer crack extension mechanism, besides the crazing with a shear-yield mechanism in the process of fracture for the blend samples under impact.