天然脂肪酸及其衍生物的制备及应用

日本油脂公司规模仅次于花王、狮子油脂公司，为日本五大油脂公司之一。其中销售额最大的为油脂及脂肪酸化学产品，本文主要通过该公司的情况来介绍天然脂肪酸及其衍生物。     

自生压合成妥尔油二聚脂肪酸的工艺研究

一、前言 二聚酸由两个十八碳不饱和脂肪酸聚合所得。它能派生出繁多的衍生物,广泛应用于制造高档油墨用醇溶性聚酰胺树脂、热熔胶粘剂、环氧树脂固化剂、触变涂料、抗静电剂、金属冷轧油及机用润滑油抗磨添加剂及表面活性剂等。 率先研究二聚酸的欧美各国,由于合成和分离分析手段的高度发展。二聚酸的工业     

我国脂肪酸的生产和应用

简要介绍脂肪酸的分类、原料来源、生产工艺、品种以及用途。并对我国脂肪酸的生产现状进行了分析。重点介绍了脂肪酸在我国橡胶工业中、塑料助剂等领域的应用,脂肪酸甲酯作为表面活性剂在不同领域的广泛应用,最后还简述了癸二酸和改性醇酸树脂应用。     

天然橡胶中脂肪酸的分析与研究

天然橡胶和复合橡胶在许可证管理和关税税率方面存在较大的差异,使海关对复合橡胶的进口监管面临着较大风险。本方法紧贴海关监管要求,利用气相色谱和溶解法对天然橡胶中的各种脂肪酸进行分析和测定,通过对比天然橡胶加入工业硬脂酸后制成的复合橡胶中脂肪酸的变化,对添加工业硬脂酸的复合橡胶进行定性分析。     

A Thermally Stable Polyamine/Unsaturated Fatty Acid System: Gelation Behaviors and Application

The gelation behavior of diethylenetriamine (DETA) and oleic acid (OLA) with different molar ratios in water was investigated. The gels, which were composed of lamellar phase and vesicles, were characterized using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy (FF-TEM). The responsive rheological properties were also investigated. Our results show that lamellar gels and rodlike micelles were formed successively with the increase of the DETA/OLA molar ratio. The lamellar gels exhibiting high thermal stability can be obtained in a wide range of polyamine/unsaturated fatty acid molar ratios. The mechanism of lamellar gel formation was explained by the packing parameter and the noncovalent interactions between the building blocks. Moreover, gel–sol transition can be triggered by tuning pH and ionic strength. This system has a good emulsification property, and no obvious nanoemulsion droplet coarsening is observed upon dilution after 30 days.     

富含多价不饱和脂肪酸的天然产物资源及其开发

综述了富含多价不饱和脂肪酸的天然产物资源，简单回顾了它们的开发状况，认为我国在进一步开发微生物资源和藻类资源的同时，也应重视对陆生植物资源的开发。     

Dry Fractionation Approach in Concentrating Tocopherols and Tocotrienols from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate: A Green Pretreatment Process for Vitamin E Extraction

Palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) is a rich source of vitamin E. As compared to other vegetable oil, PFAD has higher tocotrienol (70–80%) over tocopherol content, which makes it a valuable source for vitamin E extraction. Current vitamin E extraction methods are not sustainable due to the intensive usage of chemical and high operational cost. Hence, the present study investigated for the first time using dry fractionation process as a green and economical pretreatment method for separating solid fraction (stearin) and liquid fraction (olein) in order to concentrate vitamin E from PFAD in olein fraction. We examined the dry fractionation conditions: crystallization ending temperature (36–44 °C), cooling rate (0.3 and 1.5°C min⁻¹), stirring speed (20–125 rpm), and holding time (0–60 min) on the composition of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids as well as vitamin E content in liquid fraction (olein) and solid fraction (stearin) using gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. In most of these conditions, vitamin E was ultimately higher in olein fraction as compared to stearin fraction, which is correlated with the high degree of unsaturation. Under a cooling rate of 0.3°C min⁻¹, 90 rpm stirring speed, and ending crystallization of 38 °C, the highest vitamin E rich olein fraction was attained with 1479 ± 10.51 ppm in 50 g olein fraction as compared to 1366 ± 7.94 ppm in 500 g of unfractionated PFAD.     

食品乳化剂柠檬酸甘油单,二酸酯的合成

采用以乙酸为溶剂,柠檬酸和单甘酯进行酯化反应合成了质量指标均符合ＦＡＯ／ＷＨＯ标准的柠檬酸甘油单,二酸酯,确定了合成的最佳工艺条件,并以此为原料配制了两种在常温下呈液态的复合型搞氧剂。试验结果表明,其抗氧化效果超过了国外同类产品,在油脂及含油食品中具有广泛应用价值。     

环氧脂肪酸钙/锌的直接合成法及其热稳定作用

以一种简便的方法制备了环氧基保留完好的高纯度环氧脂肪酸钙/锌，并对其热稳定性进行了研究。研究表明，环氧脂肪酸钙/锌对聚氯乙烯（PVC）的热稳定作用类似于硬脂酸钙/锌，但其热稳定效能明显优于后者，环氧脂肪酸钙比硬脂酸钙具有较好的初期着色性，环氧脂肪酸锌较硬脂酸锌具有较长的“锌烧”时间。     

脂肪酰胺和脂肪酸酯类非离子表面活性剂的开发与应用

本文综述肪脂酰胺包括烷醇酰胺及其系列产品、β－羟乙基二酰胺、多酰胺和脂肪酸酯类、一元、多元醇脂肪酸等非离子表面活性剂的开发应用。     

香榧种子含油量及脂肪酸组成对比研究

为探究不同品种香榧种子含油量及组成的差异,对同一产地不同品种的11种香榧（旋纹榧、茄榧、大圆榧、米榧、象牙榧、芝麻榧、普通榧、木榧、小圆榧、炭盆榧和寸金榧）种子的含油量以及种子油脂肪酸组成进行了对比研究,结果表明：不同品种的香榧种子含油量及种子油脂肪酸类型都表现出明显差异。11种不同香榧种子含油量约2%~14%,普通榧最高（13.4%）,炭盆榧最低（2.2%）;脂肪酸种类最少8个,最多13个（寸金榧和木榧）。香榧种子油以不饱和脂肪酸为主,其总量超过66%。普通榧不饱和脂肪酸总量达到85.87%,其中主要成分油酸、亚油酸总量超过72%。所有品种的香榧种子油都含有超过6.90%的特殊脂肪酸金松酸,而且以普通榧中含量最高,达到10.41%。     

Ferulic Acid and P-Coumaric Acid Synergistically Attenuate Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through HDAC1/PPARG-Mediated Free Fatty Acid Uptake

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease and has become a growing public health concern worldwide. Polyphenols may improve high-fat diet (HFD)-related NAFLD. Our previous study found that ferulic acid (FA) and p-coumaric acid (p-CA) were the polyphenols with the highest content in foxtail millet. In this study, we investigated the mechanism underlying the impact of ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid (FA/p-CA) on non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD). The association of FA and p-CA with fatty liver was first analyzed by network pharmacology. Synergistic ameliorating of NAFLD by FA and p-CA was verified in oleic acid (OA) and palmitic acid (PA) (FFA)-treated hepatocytes. Meanwhile, FA/p-CA suppressed final body weight and TG content and improved liver dysfunction in HFD-induced NAFLD mice. Mechanistically, our data indicated that FA and p-CA bind to histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) to inhibit its expression. The results showed that peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG), which is positively related to HDAC1, was inhibited by FA/p-CA, and further suppressed fatty acid binding protein (FABP) and fatty acid translocase (CD36). It suggests that FA/p-CA ameliorate NAFLD by inhibiting free fatty acid uptake via the HDAC1/PPARG axis, which may provide potential dietary supplements and drugs for prevention of NAFLD.