竹材刨花板生产综合能耗指标的确定及节能措施

文中介绍了竹材刨花板生产的状况及合理确定竹材刨花板生产综合能耗指标的重要性,详细阐述了竹材刨花板生产能耗的计算方法和修正系数;提出了竹材刨花板生产企业节能降耗的有效措施。对加强竹材刨花板企业能源管理、提高企业的能源利用效率以及减少能源的浪费等都具有一定的参考价值。     

木浆生产能耗指标的确定及节能措施

文中介绍了我国木浆生产的状况及合理确定木浆生产综合能耗指标的重要性,木浆生产能耗的统计范围和计算方法,给出了木浆生产能耗的分级值.提出了木浆生产企业节能降耗的有效措施.对加强木浆生产企业能源管理、提高企业的能源利用效率以及减少能源的浪费等都具有一定的参考价值.     

纤维板生产能耗指标的确定及节能措施

介绍了纤维板生产的状况及合理确定纤维板生产综合能耗指标的重要性,阐述了纤维板生产能耗的计算方法和修正系数;提出了纤维板生产企业节能降耗的有效途径。对纤维板企业加强能源管理,提高企业的能源利用效率以及减少能源的浪费都具有一定的参考价值。     

锯材生产综合能耗指标的确定及节能措施

介绍了锯材生产的状况及合理确定锯材生产综合能耗指标的重要性,详细阐述了锯材生产能耗的计算方法和修正系数;提出了锯材生产企业节能降耗的有效措施.对锯材企业加强能源管理,提高企业的能源利用效率、减少能源浪费具有一定的参考价值.     

木塑地板生产能耗指标的确定及节能措施

文中介绍了木塑地板生产的状况及合理确定木塑地板生产综合能耗指标的重要性,木塑地板生产能耗的计算方法和修正系数,提出了木塑地板生产企业节能降耗的有效措施。对加强木塑地板企业能源管理、提高企业的能源利用效率以及减少能源的浪费等都具有一定的参考价值。     

胶合板生产能耗指标的确定及节能措施

文中介绍了胶合板生产的状况及合理确定胶合板生产综合能耗指标的重要性,详细阐述了胶合板生产能耗的计算方法和修正系数;制定胶合板生产能耗定额,不仅是检验和衡量胶合板企业技术工艺和管理水平的重要基础,也是规范和促进企业不断创新,加强管理和积极研究采纳新技术、新工艺、新设施的必要手段。对加强胶合板企业能源管理、提高企业的能源利用效率以及减少能源的浪费等具有一定的参考价值。     

电工层压木板生产能耗指标的确定及节能措施

文中介绍了电工层压木板生产的状况及合理确定电工层压木板生产综合能耗指标的重要性,详细阐述了电工层压木板生产能耗的计算方法和修正系数,提出了电工层压木板生产企业节能降耗的有效措施。对加强电工层压木板企业能源管理、提高企业的能源利用效率以及减少能源的浪费等都具有一定的参考价值。     

细木工板生产能耗指标的确定及计算与测试方法

文中介绍生产的状况及合理确定细木工板生产综合能耗指标的重要性,详细阐述细木工板生产能耗的计算方法和修正系数.对加强细木工板企业能源管理、提高企业的能源利用效率以及减少能源的浪费等都具有一定的参考价值.     

概述企业能量平衡技术指标

<正> 企业能量平衡是指从企业生产活动中的全部能量(包括电力、水、氧气和电石等各种能源)的收支平衡出发,通过企业能源计量(计量率),得出企业的实际能耗和总综合能耗及余能、可回收余能资源量,经测试统计计算,得出企业用能设备的能量效率、装置能量利用率和企业产品能耗(综合能耗和单项能耗)及企业能源利用率、余能回收率等技术指标。通过     

钢铁企业能源消耗分析及节能措施

以河北某钢铁企业为典型案例,分析钢铁企业总体能源利用现状,企业能源全流程以及各生产工序的物料与能源利用现状,得出该企业在2009年12月份各工序能耗为:焦化工序能耗为吨钢标准煤136.33 kg,烧结工序能耗为吨钢标准煤56.77 Kg,炼铁工序能耗为吨钢标准煤-4.32 kg,轧钢工序能耗为吨钢标准煤42.25 kg,吨钢综合能耗为吨钢标准煤594.81 Kg。通过与其他钢铁企业的对比,得出该企业的能耗指标总体处于全国中等水平,其中焦化和烧结工序能耗较高,还有很大的节能空间。结合企业生产实际,提出具体节能技术手段,并建立能源管理中心来进一步降低能耗水平。     

Disaggregate energy consumption and industrial production in South Africa

This paper tries to assess the relationship between disaggregate energy consumption and industrial output in South Africa by undertaking a cointegration analysis using annual data from 1980 to 2005. We also investigate the causal relationships between the various disaggregate forms of energy consumption and industrial production. Our results imply that industrial production and employment are long-run forcing variables for electricity consumption. Applying the [Toda, H.Y., Yamamoto, T., 1995. Statistical inference in vector autoregressions with possibly integrated processes. Journal of Econometrics 66, 225–250] technique to Granger-causality, we find bi-directional causality between oil consumption and industrial production. For the other forms of energy consumption, there is evidence in support of the energy neutrality hypothesis. There is also evidence of causality between employment and electricity consumption as well as coal consumption causing employment.     

Comprehensive evaluation of household indirect energy consumption and impacts of alternative energy policies in China by input–output analysis

Households consume a large amount of indirect energy through the consumption of goods and services. This fact makes the quantitative analysis of indirect household energy consumption the foundation of energy policy design. This paper improves the compilation method of energy input–output tables, and establishes a sequence of energy input–output tables for China. Based on these tables, the indirect energy consumption of both rural and urban households is calculated. Then, with economic data for the year of 2005, the adjusted input–output price model is applied to evaluate how the alternative energy policies impact production prices, consumption prices, and real income of rural and urban households through the mechanism of indirect energy consumption by using electricity as an example. This research has practical implications for Chinese economy. The integration of energy-efficiency improvements and energy prices increase serves as a means to achieve both economic and energy conservation goals, and may also have a positive effect on residents’ real income and a minimal effect on production prices.     

Sustainable energy production and consumption in Turkey: A review

In this century, energy has been the driving force of the global economy and it will, for sure, continue to be one of the most important element for the sustainable socio-economic development for the coming centuries. Therefore, energy producers and governors have a vital duty to provide enough energy in good quality continuously with low cost for the sustainable development. The subject of energy production and energy politics in Turkey generally comes at first privilege. Ahead of the 21st century, Turkish energy diplomacy started to affect the future course of Turkey’s relations with the Eurasian countries as well as the Western countries. This paper describes energy production and consumption strategies in Turkey and criticizes Turkish energy policies. If the present pattern of energy production and consumption in Turkey is maintained, there will be serious problems to meet future energy demands due to shortages of resources and low financial inputs, combined with the environmental care for the country. As a result, major components of Turkey’s strategy for sustainable development should include changing the present energy production and consumption patterns, expanding energy sources and the structure of power production, and creating an energy structure that is less or not at all risky to the environment.     

Applying ex-post index decomposition analysis to primary energy consumption for evaluating progress towards European energy efficiency targets

Monitoring the progress of the European Union and its Member States towards the EU’s energy efficiency target is a crucial part of the mandatory process as defined in the Energy Efficiency Directive 2012/27/EU. In this paper, we conduct index decomposition analyses to show the effects of both policies and autonomous developments driving the changes of primary energy consumption for the European Union (EU28) and its Member States for the time period of 2000 to 2014, with a comparative analysis of Germany and Poland. These analyses are based on the logarithmic mean Divisia index methodology and primarily on data compiled by Eurostat. They are carried out on two levels, i.e. on the level of total primary energy consumption as well as on the level of primary energy consumption related to electricity generation. The first level examines the influences of changes in final energy consumption and changes within the energy conversion sector on primary energy consumption. With the second level, we provide insights into the effects of changes in electricity consumption and production. According to our first-level analysis, the consumption of primary energy in the EU28 is primarily influenced by an increased share of electrical energy and the counteracting effect of rising efficiency in electricity generation, induced by an increasing share of renewable energies. Furthermore, the reduction of final energy consumption had a significant decreasing influence on primary energy consumption in the European Union. The second level of our analysis regarding electricity generation shows that the increasing effect on primary energy consumption due to the rising consumption of electricity was mainly compensated by substituting nuclear and thermal power plants by renewable energy technologies.     

Electric energy consumption in the cotton textile processing stages

Electric energy is one of the primary energy sources consumpted in cotton textile processing. Current energy cost rate is reported about 8–10% in the total production cost of an ordinary textile product manufactured in Turkey. Significantly important share of this energy cost is electric energy. The aim of this paper was to investigate unit electric energy consumption of cotton textile processing stages using real-time measurements method. Actual and estimated Specific Energy Consumption (SEC) values for electric energy was calculated in the cotton textile processing stages of spinning, warping–sizing, weaving, wet processing and clothing manufacturing. Actual electric energy consumption data are gathered from monthly records of the involved plant managements. Estimated electric energy consumption data is gathered through on-site measurement. Actual and estimated electric energy consumption data and monthly production quantities of the corresponding months are used to facilitate specific electric energy consumption of the plants. It is found that actual electric energy consumption amount per unit textile product is higher than the estimated electric energy consumption amount per unit textile product of each involved textile processing stages.     

The growth of income and energy consumption in six developing countries

This paper reexamines the inter-temporal link between energy consumption and income in six developing countries with diverse economic backgrounds and energy statistics, in a production function framework. We employ the generalized variance decompositions and generalized impulse response techniques to see if the growth of income and energy consumption contains considerable information to predict each other. In all countries, energy appears as an essential factor of production. Results indicate that energy may be a relatively more important input than labor and/or capital in some countries. Hence, neutrality of energy does not seem to hold.     

空调冷冻装置节能对策

从生产现状出发,通过对空调冷冻装置采取多种节能措施,以及对提高节能水平和用能水平的过程进行分析总结,从而整合优化生产工艺,降低装置能耗。     

Variables affecting energy efficiency and CO2 emissions in the steel industry

Specific energy consumption (SEC) is an energy efficiency indicator widely used in industry for measuring the energy efficiency of different processes. In this paper, the development of energy efficiency and CO₂ emissions of steelmaking is studied by analysing the energy data from a case mill. First, the specific energy consumption figures were calculated using different system boundaries, such as the process level, mill level and mill site level. Then, an energy efficiency index was developed to evaluate the development of the energy efficiency at the mill site. The effects of different production conditions on specific energy consumption and specific CO₂ emissions were studied by PLS analysis. As theory expects, the production rate of crude steel and the utilisation of recycled steel were shown to affect the development of energy efficiency at the mill site. This study shows that clearly defined system boundaries help to clarify the role of on-site energy conversion and make a difference between the final energy consumption and primary energy consumption of an industrial plant with its own energy production.     

Charcoal as an alternative energy carrier: Net energy and cost analyses

Principles for net energy analysis are reviewed and applied to a proposed system for charcoal production, district heating and electricity co-generation. Calculated net utilizable energy production (NUEP) is 49% for charcoal production, not counting waste products and rejected heat, and 78% for combined charcoal, heat, and electricity production, based on data for direct and indirect energy consumption in Norway. Comparisons with other widely used biomass energy systems, using NUEP and cost values, show that charcoal is a renewable energy carrier which is competitive on both an energetic and an economic basis.