降低55 t转炉钢铁料消耗生产实践

分析了影响唐钢公司二钢轧厂55 t转炉钢铁料消耗的因素。针对不同的影响因素制定了解决措施,优化转炉炉料结构、调整转炉装入制度、吹炼过程工艺优化、降低出钢温度、优化吹炼和造渣工艺以及降低出钢温度等。生产实践表明,采取这些措施后,55 t转炉钢铁料消耗由1 058.8 kg/t降低到1 053.4 kg/t,降低了5.4 kg/t,炼钢成本显著降低。     

唐钢150t LF炉电极消耗的分析与实践

介绍了唐钢为降低150 t LF精炼炉电极消耗采取的工艺优化措施,电极消耗从0.28 kg/t钢降至0.17 kg/t钢,达到了降低生产成本的目的。     

150 t LF工艺操作与供电制度优化

150 t钢包炉(LF)精炼的钢种主要有汽车大梁钢、车轮钢等,其生产流程为150 t转炉-150 t LF-板坯连铸-连轧。通过150 t LF平均初渣碱度由3.4降至2.1,喂Ca线平均速度由4.0 m/s提高至4.7 m/s,改善了初渣流动性,吨钢Al用量降低0.15 kg,钙的收得率提高了17%;通过供电制度的优化,在加热期间降低电耗2.5k Wh/s,钢液升温速度可提高0.93℃/min。     

转炉炼钢系统降低水耗实践

介绍了炼钢厂前区通过设备改造和工艺优化、提高工业水重复利用率等措施,吨钢水耗逐年降低,2008年实现0.52t/t钢。     

提高转炉氧枪使用寿命研究

本文研究了喷头变形、喷头漏水和氧枪枪身粘钢对氧枪使用寿命的影响,并且对产生这三种因素的具体原因进行了分析。结果表明通过采取优化喷头相关参数,建立“低温低硅、中温中硅、高温高硅、低温高硅、高温低硅、高生铁块比和高铁水比”七种操作模式等措施,使得氧枪寿命提高了141炉,钢铁料消耗降低了4Kg/t钢,喷溅渣数量降低了3Kg/t钢,氧气消耗降低了1.9m3/t钢,石灰消耗降低了5Kg/t钢,转炉脱磷率提高了8%,转炉脱硫率提高了4%。     

建筑长材用钢洁净钢制造平台的节能技术

针对唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司第二钢轧厂传统的转炉-建筑用钢生产线,通过有效控制原料消耗和转炉出钢温度,提高转炉冶炼效率;完善均衡稳定的全连铸技术;实施钢包加盖和提高钢包周转率技术;优化生产流程组织;加强二次能源回收,提高工艺过程能源使用效率等一系列技术,转炉蒸汽回收量和煤气回收量逐年上升,转炉工序能耗和棒材工序能耗持续下降。2013年,转炉蒸汽回收98.29kg/t,氧气消耗45.27m3/t,煤气回收130.09m3/t,转炉工序能耗达到了-0.83GJ/t,连铸工序能耗为0.22GJ/t,炼钢能耗-0.61GJ/t,钢坯入加热炉温度最高达到900℃,第二棒生产线热装比例实现100%,轧钢工序能耗降至0.70GJ/t,炼轧全系统工序能耗实现0.09GJ/t。     

山钢股份莱芜分公司特钢事业部

<正>山东钢铁股份有限公司莱芜分公司特钢事业部始建于1965年,建厂初期设计能力为年产钢5万t、材3.5万t,是当时的"三线"厂之一。1980年,完成了由军工钢到民用钢生产的转型。2004年实现了年产钢、材双百万吨的跨越,跨入全国特大型特钢行列。2005年底根据公司安排,积极响应国家钢铁产业政策,淘汰落后产能,调整优化工艺结构,关停3座20t电炉。2011年5月16日,以原特殊钢厂为主体,组建特钢事业部。特钢事业部以利润     

淮钢BOF-LF-CC生产线开发优钢实践

介绍了淮钢80t BOF-90t LF-CC生产线采用低铝洁净钢精炼技术、含钡洁净钢及生产技术专利、连铸全程保护浇铸技术及二冷制度优化开发优钢的措施及取得的效果。     

炼钢流程硫含量经济性控制实践

分析了鞍钢股份有限公司鲅鱼圈钢铁分公司炼钢各流程的脱硫能力,得出结论,炼钢流程硫含量经济性控制主要是控制铁水预脱硫和LF脱硫的成本。铁水预脱硫的目标值优化后脱硫成本降低0.8元/t铁,LF精炼炉的工艺优化后吨钢脱硫成本降低3.6元/t钢。     

100t转炉低成本冶炼65Mn钢实践

通过优化100 t转炉冶炼65Mn钢工艺参数,包括装入制度的确定、加料方式的改进、供氧强度及变压变枪位操作方式的优化等,解决了65Mn钢留碳去磷的难题,提高了冶炼65Mn钢的一拉率,减少了跑渣的发生机率,提高了白灰的熔化效率,降低了白灰单耗,65Mn 钢冶炼成本降低了9.07元/t.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.