超短波多径信号相关干涉仪测向算法

测向系统是开展无线电管理工作必不可少的工具之一,其中超短波无线电测向系统经常受到多径传播的影响而导致其实际性能严重下降。基于广泛使用的相关干涉仪软件和硬件系统,提出了一种存在多径传播情况下的测向算法。该算法将参考阵元与选通阵元的电压信号的互相关值分解为稀疏表示形式,并将多包测量数据获得的互相关值以联合稀疏表示的形式进行求解。计算机仿真和暗室实验验证了该算法的性能。与传统相关干涉仪算法相比,所提算法可以在直达径与非直达径的功率相近时仍可正确测向,且可以同时给出直达径和非直达径的方向,提高了相关干涉仪技术对于多径传播的适应性。     

基于二次相关的时延估计方法研究

以空间任意多元传感器阵列为模型,以被动定位算法为基础,针对传统时延估计方法中的互相关算法存在着估计精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于二次相关的时延估计方法。该方法首先对信号作自相关提高信噪比,再将自相关函数和互相关函数作相关处理得到时延值。理论和实验结果都表明:相对于传统的互相关时延估计方法,二次相关法可以明显的抑制噪声对信号时延估计的影响,提高时延估计的精度。     

基于首达波与次达波到达时差的深海浅层移动声源定位

为克服海洋环境不确定性、信号接收及处理偶然误差对定位精度的影响,基于单水听器多途声到达时差,利用扩展卡尔曼滤波（EKF）算法对深海浅层移动声源进行定位研究。结合Butterworth带 通滤波算法及Bellhop射线模型识别水声试验数据中的多途到达波,对比分析各到达波间的相对能量大小,并确定信噪比较大的首达波与次达波为研究对象;以单频信号作为匹配序列,计算时域相关性大小,得到首达波与次达波的声到达时差;以首达波与次达波的声到达时差为观测值,构建EKF声源定位模型,得到移动声源的深度、水平距离及速度等信息。研究结果表明：在深海水声信道中,当声源和水听器都位于浅表水层时,直达波与海面反射波重合,首达波与第1次 海底反射波能量相对较大;滤波结果与实测数据吻合较好,验证了EKF算法可较好地实现对水下移动目标定位。     

基于加权-改进MUSIC算法的相干信号波达方向估计

针对传统波达方向估计算法对相干信号失效的问题,提出了基于加权-改进多信号分类法(MUSIC)的波达方向估计算法。该算法首先对接收数据协方差矩阵进行重构,进而构造出新的噪声子空间,再根据特征值大小对噪声子空间特征向量进行加权,完成对相干信号的波达方向估计。仿真分析表明,算法成功地完成了对相干信号的波达方向估计。     

基于相关峰插值的五元十字阵被动声定位算法

针对基于传统时延估计方法的被动声定位算法精度提高受时延估计精度限制的问题,提出基于相关峰插值方法的被动声定位算法。该算法能改善 FFT变换带来的栅栏效应,根据声音信号的传播特性对信号低频频谱进行细化从而提高时延估计精度。通过计算机仿真和外场实验对比分析了基于互相关方法和基于FICP方法的被动声定位算法在五元十字阵系统中的定位精度。结果表明,基于 FICP 方法的被动声定位算法能够较好地对声源目标进行定位,且算法定位精度优于基于互相关方法的定位算法,具有较强的实际应用性。     

基于二次相关水下声源定向(时延)研究

以三基元线列阵为例，介绍了利用两个互相关函数的再作互相关的时延估计方法（二次相关），并给出了它的快速计算方法。通过计算仿真结果证明这种方法对低信噪比下窄带和单频信号具有较高时延估计精度。     

基于小波奇异特征约束的期望最大时延估计算法

针对低信噪比条件下非平稳信号时延估计精度低的问题,提出基于小波奇异特征约束的期望最大时延估计算法。设计小波奇异性特征尺度广义互相关矩阵,构建多尺度小波奇异特征约束下的期望最大化模型。推导参数更新公式,利用期望最大化算法并行迭代,求取奇异性特征显著性最大条件下信号的自适应尺度以及该尺度下声源信号的最优时延估计值。仿真和实验结果表明,所提算法在低信噪比条件下,相较于传统广义互相关时延估计算法以及改进算法具有较高的时延估计精度,并且有效提高了误差约束范围内的有效估计成功率。     

基于互相关和MUSIC算法的时延估计

为了避免相位干涉仪测向技术中存在的模糊问题,提高宽带信号时延估计的测量精度,把互相关和多重信号分类算法结合,引入到频域时延估计领域,研究了互相关MUSIC算法.利用互相关技术可消除非相关噪声,检测概率增加,减小了运算量.仿真结果表明,该算法具有较高的估计精度,较强的抗噪性和较强的鲁棒性,适用于电子对抗领域中的时延估计.     

一种有效的GPS多径抑制技术

多径误差是GPS定位主要误差源之一。目前采用自适应天线阵抑制多径信号多针对单信源且假定直达信号和多径信号方位已知。文中将相干环境下方位估计和多波束形成抗干扰相结合,在基于相干解耦最大似然方法(CDEML)对GPS各工作卫星直达信号和多径信号方位估计的基础上,对GPS各工作卫星采用多约束最小方差波束形成器(MCMVB)技术,使各方向图在直达信号方向获得大增益的同时有效抑制多径信号。仿真结果表明该方法的有效性。     

跳频信号2D-DOA高精度估计算法

针对传统二维多重信号分类(MUSIC)算法进行跳频信号二维波达方向估计,在低信噪比和快拍数较少时估计精度严重下降问题,提出一种基于二阶偏导MUSIC跳频信号2D-DOA高精度估计算法。该算法根据跳频信号2D-DOA估计空间谱函数的特性,利用离散函数的二阶偏导特性,重建新的空间谱函数,将原谱峰搜索转化为负向谱峰搜索。理论分析与仿真结果表明,所提算法相比较MUSIC算法在没有显著提高算法复杂度的前提下,提高了低信噪比和小快拍数下的估计精度。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Method for Measuring Velocity of Warhead Fragments Based on Photoelectric Detection

For measuring velocity and impacting position of single fragment of warhead, a non-contact measuring method is proposed, in which a six-light-screen array, a position indicator, a multi-channel chronograph and a computer are used.The principle of measurement is described. The key device of the system is a light screen array sensor which consists of six light screens allocated with certain geometrical parameters. When the fragment flies through the light screen array, the time of passing through each of the screens is recorded by the multi-channel chronograph. According to the time data and the geometrical parameters of the array, the velocity vector and the location of the fragment can be calculated immediately. The presented method can be used to locate the fragment and to measure the real velocity on its flying direction. It can also be used to measure the velocity of a fragment swarm after the system is engineered further.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

数码电子雷管中影响点火头性能因素分析

阐述了数码电子雷管中,点火药剂细结晶三硝基间苯二酚铅（LTNR）的制备工艺;从点火药剂的种类、加入黏合剂的质量分数、桥丝直径、点火头的电阻值、防潮漆的蘸涂等方面对点火头性能的影响因素进行了探讨;通过震动试验、并联起爆试验、延期精度检测与考核,试验结果表明：一次性合成的细结晶LTNR是制造数码电子雷管点火头较为理想的点火药剂,按技术要求生产的点火头性能指标能够满足行业标准要求。     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.