低黏度光敏预聚物聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚二丙烯酸酯的合成

以N,N-二甲基苯胺为催化剂、对羟基苯甲醚为阻聚剂,利用聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(PEGDE)和丙烯酸为两种主要原料合成了一种低黏度光敏预聚物——聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚二丙烯酸酯。研究了反应温度、阻聚剂、催化剂用量这些因素对其反应的影响,结果表明优化的合成反应条件是温度90～105℃、m(催化剂)：m(PEGDE)=(0．007～0．009)：1、m(阻聚剂)：m(PEGDE)=(0．002～0．004)：1。同时,把产物作为光敏预聚物配成光固化涂料对其光固化膜进行了性能测试,其结果表明它的光固化膜较双酚A型环氧丙烯酸酯作为光敏预聚物配成涂料的光固化膜柔韧性好。     

光敏预聚物丙三醇三缩水甘油醚三丙烯酸酯的合成

以N,N 二甲基苄胺为催化剂、对羟基苯甲醚为阻聚剂,用丙三醇三缩水甘油醚和丙烯酸为主要原料合成了一种新型光敏预聚物———丙三醇三缩水甘油醚三丙烯酸酯。研究了反应温度,阻聚剂、催化剂用量等因素对反应的影响,优化的合成反应条件是温度90～110℃、N,N 二甲基苄胺的质量分数为0 80%～1 00%、对羟基苯甲醚的质量分数为0 20%～0 40%。把所合成的光敏预聚物加入光引发剂配成了光固化涂料,对其紫外光固化涂料膜进行了拉伸实验,测得其拉伸强度为27 14MPa,弹性模量946 85MPa,断裂伸长率3 72%。     

活性稀释剂苄基缩水甘油醚丙烯酸酯的合成及性能表征

本文以苄基缩水甘油醚和丙烯酸为原料合成活性稀释剂苄基缩水甘油醚丙烯酸酯(BGEA),研究了反应温度、催化剂和阻聚剂用量对反应的影响.结果表明最佳的反应条件为:反应温度110℃左右,催化剂N,N’-二甲基苄胺质量分数为0.9%,阻聚剂对甲氧基苯酚质量分数为0.2%.后将BGEA作为稀释剂加入到双酚A型环氧丙烯酸树脂中配制成光固化涂料,利用TG、AFM等表征手段对光固化膜的热性能、表面形貌及物理机械性能进行研究.     

一缩二乙醇二缩水甘油醚双丙烯酸酯的合成

以一缩二乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(DGDE)和丙烯酸为原料,N,N-二甲基苄胺为催化剂,对羟基苯甲醚为阻聚剂,制得了一缩二乙二醇二缩水甘油醚双丙烯酸酯(ADGDE)。讨论了催化剂用量、反应温度等因素对反应的影响,并用FT-IR和Photo-DSC对ADGDE的化学结构及光固化行为进行了表征。结果表明,反应温度为100℃、催化剂用量为1 0%时催化效果和反应速率较理想,用对羟基苯甲醚作阻聚剂得到的ADGDE颜色较浅;ADGDE的光聚合速率随光引发剂的用量增加而提高。     

粉末型紫外光固化环氧丙烯酸酯的合成研究

采用E-12环氧树脂与丙烯酸反应,用鎓盐作催化剂,制备了适于配制粉末型紫外光固化的环氧丙烯酸酯预聚物,讨论了催化剂的种类与用量、反应温度、投料比等合成条件对合成反应的影响。得到了合成路线的优选条件。制得的粉末型光敏树脂符合光固化要求。     

粉末型紫外光固化环氧丙烯酸酯的合成研究

采用E-12环氧树脂与丙烯酸反应，用翁盐作催化剂，制备了适于配制粉末型紫外光固化的环氧丙烯酸酯预聚物，讨论了催化剂的种类与用量、反应温度、投料比等合成条件对合成反应的影响。得到了合成路线的优选条件。制得的粉末型光敏树脂符合光固化要求。     

二聚酸-乙二醇二缩水甘油醚预聚物的制备研究

主要研究以二聚酸和乙二醇二缩水甘油醚为主要原料,考察了催化剂用量、反应温度、催化剂种类、原料配比等因素对二聚酸-乙二醇二缩水甘油醚酯化反应的影响,探讨二聚酸-乙二醇二缩水甘油醚预聚物的制备条件。研究结果表明:制备二聚酸-乙二醇二缩水甘油醚预聚物时以为2,4,6三(二甲氨基甲基)苯酚,即DMP-30,转化速率较快;其酯化反应速率的快慢随催化剂用量的增加而加快;温度为120℃时反应最为理想;反应速率随环氧基与羧基的投料摩尔比的增加而加快。改性后的物质可用作环氧树脂的活性增韧剂,作为下一步开展其应用研究的基础。     

含硅碱溶性光敏预聚物的合成

以环氧树脂AG—80、丙烯酸(AA)、羟烷基硅油、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为原料,采用两步法合成了碱溶性光敏有机硅预聚物(APSUA),通过IR及GPC对预聚物结构进行了表征。研究了反应温度、加料方式、催化剂用量及IPDI滴加速度等因素对合成反应和产物性能影响,确定了最佳反应条件。第1步合成四缩水甘油二氨基二苯甲烷四丙烯酸酯(TDDM)最佳反应温度为90℃,采用将AA滴加到AG—80中的加料方式,第2步合成APSUA的催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基酯(DBTDL),用量0.5%,滴加速度为1d/3s。产物APSUA具有良好的碱溶性。     

粉末型紫外光固化饱和聚酯的合成研究

通过对端羧基聚酯与环氧氯丙烷的催化酯化，再经相转移反应在其两端接上丙烯酸酯，合成端双键的光敏聚酯树脂。讨论了端羧基与环氧氯丙烷配比、催化剂用量、反应温度对酯化反应程度的影响。研究了碱液浓度、反应时间、反应温度、催化剂用量对相转移催化反应的影响。得到了合成路线的优选条件。制得的粉末型光敏树脂符合光固化要求。     

光敏预聚物丙三醇三缩水甘油醚三丙烯酸酯

华中科技大学科研人员以季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯、丙三醇三缩水甘油醚、丙烯酸对苯二酚等为原料，在N，N-二甲基苄胺催化下制备出光敏预聚物丙三醇三缩水甘油醚三丙烯酸酯。并将其配成光固化涂料，在uV辐射下该涂料的拉伸强度达27．14NPa，弹性模量946．85NPa，断裂伸长率3．72％，且气味，刺激性亦低，成膜性好，总体性能优于三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯等，故在光固化领域实用价值高。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。