生物发酵法制丁二酸生产工艺的研究与应用

丁二酸是一种重要的化工原料,广泛用于食品、医药和化工等行业,市场前景广阔。微生物发酵法生产丁二酸具有高效、环保、可持续利用的特点,是一种新型的绿色化工生产工艺。本文介绍了微生物发酵法制备丁二酸的生产工艺并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

芽孢杆菌混合发酵工艺条件的优化

为提高饲料用芽孢杆菌中性蛋白酶的活力,考察了多种芽孢杆菌混菌发酵产蛋白酶的协同作用效果,并在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面分析的中心组合试验设计对多芽孢杆菌的混合发酵工艺条件进行了优化。通过优化确定了混合发酵体系的最佳发酵条件为培养基最初pH值7.17,装液量50mL/250mL,接种量3%,发酵温度35.4℃,摇床转速200r/min,发酵周期100h。在优化的工艺条件下,芽孢杆菌混合发酵产蛋白酶的活力单位可达到2 986U/mL。     

Exopolysaccharides production as affected by lactic acid bacteria and fermentation time

The aim of this work was to examine the ropiness of Lactobacillus helveticus BCRC14030, L. helveticus BCRC14076, and Streptococcus thermophilus BCRC14085, and evaluate the effect of fermentation time on exopolysaccharides (EPS) production by the ropy strain. Each of the three strains was inoculated in skim milk medium and incubated in a fermenter for 0–84 h at pH 5, 37 °C. The fermented samples, containing a net volume of 300 ml skim milk, were withdrawn at intervals of 0, 12, 16, 24, 32, 36, 48, 60, 72, and 84 h for determinations of ropy condition, EPS yield, and molecular mass. EPS with ropiness values of 11.3–21.0 mm, produced from L. helveticus BCRC14030 at 32–60 h demonstrated the ropy nature of the strain. Those EPS were composed of high molecular mass of 26,500 kDa. The highest EPS yield of 0.73 g l⁻¹ from this strain was observed (P < 0.05) at less favourable fermentation condition of 60 h. In addition, a relationship between the presence of high molecular mass and the ropiness of EPS from L. helveticus BCRC14030 was revealed.     

液体发酵竹红菌素提取工艺的研究

采用响应面分析法探讨了菌丝体内竹红菌素最佳提取工艺,研究结果表明:56℃条件下以1/4的料液比浸提2.2h,然后以8/1的料液比在40～50℃温度下两次洗涤中间体,每次10min的效果最佳,竹红菌素的提取率可达到1.72%。     

HPLC法监测香兰素的发酵合成

建立了同时监测发酵液中香兰素、香兰素酸、香兰素醇和阿魏酸的高效液相色谱法(HPLC).色谱柱为Eclipse Zorbax XDB-C18(4.6mm × 150mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇:水:冰醋酸(35:65:0.05),流速为0.80mL/min,检测波长为260nm和280nm.在此色谱条件下,四种物质获得良好的分离,且在一定浓度范围内,各组分的线性关系、方法的精密度和回收率都令人满意.     

超声辅助细胞转型的谷氨酸发酵工艺

为了进一步提高谷氨酸菌体细胞膜的通透性和谷氨酸产量,采用超声辅助谷氨酸发酵。通过单因素及正交实验研究,确定了最佳超声条件为超声时间50 s、振幅65%、间隔时间5 min,发酵起始,即开始超声处理至发酵8 h,结束超声。在最佳超声条件下进行谷氨酸发酵,菌体OD(600 nm)值为82. 5,提高13. 8%,谷氨酸产量为168 g/L,提高11. 3%,糖酸转化率为68. 2%,提高4. 3%,菌体转型时间由4 h提前至2 h。超声辅助谷氨酸发酵能够达到较好的效果,使发酵过程更加稳定。     

电解法制备超细铜粉的工艺研究

采用脉冲电解法,在硫酸铜与硫酸混合电解溶液体系中,就不同脉冲电解参数对阴极铜粉形貌和粒度的影响进行了研究.实验获得合适的脉冲参数为平均电流密度i=600 A/m2,脉冲宽度ton=8ms,占空比为1∶3,在此条件下,所得铜粉平均粒度为0.87μm,有90%颗粒粒径小于1.25μm,阴极沉积出的铜粉颗粒粒度在0.24~1.79μm之间,粒度分布均匀.     

Beneficial health effects of polyphenols metabolized by fermentation

Food Science and Biotechnology - High daily intake of polyphenol-rich meal in some countries could be regarded as a healthy meal. However, the knowledge about the bioavailability and functionality...     

菌酶协同发酵豆粕工艺的优化

为了提高豆粕饲料的品质,采用菌酶协同方法发酵豆粕。筛选了最优植物乳杆菌和蛋白酶,通过单因素及正交试验对发酵条件进行了优化。实验结果确定了1株产酸多、谱宽的植物乳杆菌DY6作为发酵菌株;选择中性蛋白酶进行酶解;确定了最佳发酵条件为菌液接种量5%,最佳加酶量1 250 U/g,最佳发酵温度37℃,最佳发酵时间48 h;此工艺下的豆粕中粗蛋白质量分数为53. 1%,肽含量为107. 21 mg/g,总酸质量分数为2. 5%,蛋白质体外消化率为69. 8%;与未发酵豆粕相比,发酵豆粕中粗蛋白含量提高了6. 23%,肽含量提高了223%,总酸含量提高了1. 8%,蛋白质体外消化率提高了17. 85%。菌酶协同处理豆粕可以有效提高豆粕的各项指标,提升饲料品质,在生物饲料行业具有广泛应用前景。     

响应面法优化马奶酒发酵条件的研究

以新鲜马奶为原料,通过考察接菌量(乳酸菌/酵母菌)、发酵温度、发酵时间、糖添加量单因素试验对马奶酒发酵的影响,并借助响应面设计,研究接菌量(乳酸菌/酵母菌)、发酵温度、发酵时间对马奶酒品质的影响。结果表明,最佳发酵条件分别为接菌量(乳酸菌/酵母菌)3%∶5%、发酵温度32℃、发酵时间80h、糖添加量6%。马奶酒酒香清雅,微酸爽口。     

Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) by proline containing casein-derived peptides

Dipeptides with a C terminal Pro inhibit dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), a key enzyme in incretin hormone processing. It was hypothesised that tri- and tetrapeptides with a proline at the C-terminus may also be DPP-IV inhibitors. Therefore, an in silico hydrolysis approach was used to release short (4 ? amino acids) C terminal Pro peptides from the individual caseins which constitute Pro rich substrates. This was achieved using theoretical digestion of caseins with a prolyl oligopeptidase activity. Fifteen peptides were subsequently selected for in vitro DPP-IV inhibitory analysis. Stability of these peptides to gastrointestinal enzymes was also evaluated in silico and the predicted breakdown peptides were assessed for their DPP-IV inhibitory and antioxidant potential. New DPP-IV inhibitors were identified, the most potent being Phe-Leu-Gln-Pro (IC₅₀ 65.3 ± 3.5 μM). A low in vitro antioxidant (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging) activity was also associated with the peptides studied. The strategy presented highlights the utility of employing an in silico approach for the prediction of food-derived peptides with a potential role in glycaemic management for subsequent development of functional foods.     

响应面法优化红曲酸奶的发酵工艺

利用超声辅助浸提法获得红曲米有效成分,用于酸奶的发酵,制备新型红曲酸奶。通过单因素试验筛选出红曲米添加量、菌种接种量、发酵时间为影响红曲酸奶感官品质的主要因素,并采用中心组合设计和响应面法优化参数。结果表明,最优发酵工艺为红曲米添加量4.8%,菌种接种量4.2%,发酵时间5.5h,在此条件下,发酵所得产品组织细腻,颜色均匀,酸甜适中,感官评分95.3分,与模型预测值基本相符。     

DNS法监控葡萄酒发酵进程的应用研究

研究3,5-二硝基水杨酸(DNS)法对葡萄酒发酵醪中还原糖的检测效果,以期为葡萄酒发酵过程的监控提供新的方法依据。以直接滴定法为对照,比较了DNS法对Triple M、白葡萄酒和红葡萄酒发酵醪中还原糖的检测效果。结果表明,DNS能够准确指示葡萄酒发酵醪中还原糖的消耗趋势,对发酵中后期还原糖的测定和发酵终点的判断与直接滴定法一致,同时检测过程快速简便,因此适用于实时监控批量红、白葡萄酒及模拟汁的发酵进程。     

发酵法生产谷胱甘肽过程控制的研究进展

简介了细胞内谷胱甘肽的生物合成的途径以及近年来在发酵法生产谷胱甘肽的过程中如何通过过程控制提高胞内谷胱甘肽产量的研究进展。     

响应面优化山葵酸奶发酵工艺研究

以牛奶、山葵为主要原料,以发酵周期和感官品质为主要评价指标,通过单因素实验分析新鲜山葵液添加量、果胶添加量、白砂糖添加量、发酵剂接种量对酸奶品质的影响,在单因素实验的基础上,采用响应面法对山葵酸奶发酵工艺进行℃优化。结果表明:新鲜山葵液添加量(A)、白砂糖添加量(C)、发酵剂接种量(D)是影响酸奶感官评分的显著因素,果胶添加量(B)的影响不显著。经响应面法优化后的山葵酸奶最佳工艺条件为新鲜山葵液添加量6.00%,果胶添加量0.16%,白砂糖添加量6.68%,发酵剂接种量4.23%。在42℃下发酵5h,制得的酸奶组织结构均匀、风味良好、口感细腻、有山葵特有的香气。     

人工发酵小麦酱生产工艺的研究

采用米曲霉、黑曲霉混合人工发酵小麦酱,通过单因素以及正交试验对影响小麦酱人工接种发酵工艺的因素,包括菌种接种量、食盐用量、发酵时间、发酵温度、乙醇用量进行优化筛选.最后确定最佳发酵工艺条件为:米曲霉和黑曲霉分开制曲,混合发酵,二者菌株添加比例为8∶1,接种量为0.3％,添加9％的食盐及0.5％的乙醇,在定期揿酱的前提下,28-40℃间歇式控温发酵35天;所得人工接种发酵产品氨基酸态氮值高,且感官评价较好,与传统自然发酵小麦酱风味相似.     

Antimicrobial activity of tea as affected by the degree of fermentation and manufacturing season.

Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus were used to test the antimicrobial activity of tea flush extract and extracts of various tea products. Among the six test organisms, P. fluorescens was the most sensitive to the extracts, while B. subtilis was the least sensitive. In general, antimicrobial activity decreased when the extents of tea fermentation increased. The antimicrobial activities of tea flush extract and extracts of tea products with different extents of fermentation varied with test organisms. Tea flush and Green tea, the unfermented tea, exerted the strongest antimicrobial activity followed by the partially fermented tea products such as Longjing, Tieh-Kuan-Ying, Paochung, and Oolong teas. On the other hand, Black tea, the completely fermented tea, showed the least antimicrobial activity. It was also noted that extracts of Oolong tea prepared in summer exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity, followed by those prepared in spring, winter and fall.     

离子交换树脂提取发酵液中聚-ε-赖氨酸的研究

对离子交换树脂提取分离发酵液中聚-ε-赖氨酸(ε-PL)的工艺条件进行研究,确立的最佳提取条件为使用弱酸性阳离子交换树脂D152,上柱液pH8.5,以盐酸作为洗脱剂,洗脱剂浓度为0.1mol/L,洗脱速度为1.0mL/min。在优化条件下,ε-PL平均提取得率为82%,产品纯度达到了80%以上。