二氧化钛对黑色Al2O3陶瓷性能的影响

以超微细a-氧化铝粉为主要原料,添加适量过渡金属氧化物以及不同分量的TiO2粉末,采用传统粉末冶金技术、干压烧结法制备了黑色Al2O3陶瓷。对制备工艺中的原料准备、压制成型、烧结过程进行了讨论,并对其导电性能进行了测试分析。实验结果表明：TiO2是一种良好的添加剂,它不仅可以降低烧成温度,还有利于Al2O3陶瓷黑色的形成,改善其电气性能。     

TiO2 在Al2 O3 -SiO2 系耐火材料中的作用

阐述了TiO2在Al2O3-SiO2系耐火材料,特别是高铝矾土中的分布和存在方式,并通过分析Al2O3-SiO2系耐火原料的煅烧过程和Al2O3-SiO2系制品的使用过程中TiO2、Al2O3和SiO2三者之间的化学反应,介绍了TiO2对Al2O3-SiO2系耐火材料结构和性能的影响。     

Effect of Modifiers on the Reactivity of Cr2O3/Al2O3 and Cr2O3/TiO2 Catalysts for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane

Chromium oxide supported on alumina and titania supports was modified with oxides of sodium, vanadium and molybdenum. The modified and unmodified chromium oxide catalysts were characterized by several techniques. The presence of surface chromium oxide and surface molybdenum and vanadium oxide species was detected in the unmodified and molybdenum and vanadium oxide modified supported chromium oxide catalysts. The reducibility (T_max and H/Cr ratio) of the surface chromium species was not affected for the vanadium and molybdenum oxide modified catalysts; however, the reducibility changed noticeably for sodium modified supported chromium oxide catalysts. Studies of the reactivity of the ODH of propane revealed the effect of modifiers on the reactivity properties of the surface chromium oxide species. The activity and propene selectivity decreased for sodium modified supported chromium oxide catalysts. However, the activity increased for vanadium oxide modified catalysts and was similar for molybdenum oxide modified catalysts irrespective of the support. The propene selectivity was higher for molybdenum oxide modified chromium oxide catalysts. However, the propene selectivity for vanadium oxide modified catalysts depends on the support since it appears that the inherent selectivity of the surface vanadium oxide species is reflected.     

TiO2加入量对MgO - TiO2-Al2O3系熟料特性的影响

制作MgO含量相同、TiO2含量不同的各种熟料，测定熟料特性，研究TiO2加入量对MgO-TiO2-AlO3，系熟料特性的影响。TiO2含量不同，各种熟料的矿物组成中尖晶石固溶体的成分不同。TiO2和Al2O3共存可提高抗热化性和抗热震性。TiO2能促进烧结的进行。     

Al2O3纤维增强钛酸铝陶瓷

介绍了一种Al2O3纤维增强钛酸铝陶恣复合材料，在一定范围内随着Al2O3纤维含量的增加，复合材料的抗弯强度和断裂韧性均提高，当Al2O3纤维含量达到4.5%(体积分数）时抗弯强度和断裂韧性达到最大值，使钛酸铝基体材料分别提高近120％和75％。     

Al_2O_3/TiO_2纳米抗菌剂的制备及性能

以TiC l4、A l2(SO4)3为原料,控制n(A l2O3)/n(TiO2)=0.2,采用液相共沉淀法制备了A l2O3/TiO2纳米抗菌剂,并用DSC-TG、XRD、UV-vis等手段研究了A l2O3复合对TiO2抗菌性能的影响。结果表明,复合A l2O3后,TiO2纳米抗菌剂经900℃煅烧后完全是锐钛矿结构;950~1 050℃为良好的混晶结构,其中,经950℃煅烧后,混晶结构中锐钛矿相质量分数约占77%,平均粒径约20 nm,可见光吸收带边红移显著,光吸收阈值由纯TiO2的380 nm红移至430 nm左右,抗菌性能好,在荧光灯下对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈直径达15mm左右。     

负载型光催化剂TiO_2/Al_2O_3的制备与研究

以γ Al2O3小球为载体,以钛酸正丁酯的正丁醇溶液为浸涂液,采用浸渍涂覆法制备了TiO2/Al2O3光催化剂,用XRD对催化剂的物相进行了表征,并通过可溶性偶氮染料酸性媒介红B考察其光催化活性。实验表明,当TiO2的负载量为8.79%时,TiO2/Al2O3对酸性媒介红B的脱色率可达到95%以上;酸性媒介红B的光催化氧化符合一级反应动力学。     

Preparation of alumina catalyst supports and NiMo/Al2O3 catalysts

Several alumina catalysts were prepared to investigate effects of catalyst preparation variables on pore structure, including sintering time and temperature, acid type, and fiber type and loading. Each catalyst was characterized with a porosimeter and sorptometer in terms of pore size distribution, average pore diameters, pore volumes, densities and surface area. Bimodal NiMo catalysts were effectively prepared without losing surface area by using a combined method of coextrusion and fiber incorporation.     

Nanoindentation of Al2O3/Al2TiO5 composites: Small-scale mechanical properties of Al2TiO5 as reinforcement phase

The mechanical properties of alumina/aluminum titanate composites (Al₂O₃/Al₂TiO₅) were evaluated and analyzed by nanoindentation. Indentations with different penetration depths were performed, and residual imprints on specimens were located and observed by combining complementary characterization techniques. The mechanical response of composites was found to be determined by grain size of alumina and aluminum titanate, as evaluated from indentations performed at 1500 nm of penetration depth. On the other hand, small indents in individual grains permitted to assess the hardness as well as the elastic modulus of non-cracked particles of Al₂TiO₅ through implementation of different analytical indentation models. The attained values for the local mechanical properties were validated through critical comparison of them with those predicted by the rule of mixtures. Results showed no evidence of microcracking on grains of the reinforcing phase for all the tested composites, before and after low penetration depth indentations. Elastic modulus of Al₂TiO₅ was found to be higher than the values reported on bulk aluminum titanate, presumably because of the absence of microcracking for small grain sizes. The bulk composite mechanical response is finally discussed on the basis of contributions from those of the individual phases.     

TiO2/Al氮化合成复相TiN-Al2O3

从热力学角度讨论了Al作为还原剂还原氮化TiO2制备复相TiN-Al2O3的可行性.利用综合热分析、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜及能谱仪分析研究了在1 100～1 500℃TiO2和金属Al粉还原氮化过程中样品的质量变化、相组成和显微结构.结果表明:在1 100℃合成产物中已有少量的AlN和TiN,说明A1的氮化反应以及TiO2和Al的还原氮化反应都已开始.在1200～1 300℃,TiN含量明显增加,AIN含量逐渐减少.在1 350℃,合成产物中只有TiN和Al2O3,说明还原氮化反应完成.继续提高温度,在1400～1 500℃,TiN和刚玉的晶粒长大.     

Al2O3/TiO2复合膜的结构及光催化性能

利用电沉积方法在铝硫酸阳极氧化膜表面制备了具有光催化活性的T iO2薄膜。分析了A l2O3/T iO2复合膜的结构,观察了薄膜表面形貌及断面构造,并分析了薄膜表面的化学成分,通过紫外光照射下甲基橙溶液的光催化降解反应初步研究了该复合膜的光催化活性。结果表明,未经热处理的A l2O3/T iO2复合膜处于非晶态,550℃热处理3 h后,T iO2转变为锐钛矿结构;沉积在铝氧化膜表面的T iO2薄膜厚度约5μm,呈均匀不连续状态,表面存在大量裂纹,电沉积T iO2过程中基体氧化铝存在着部分溶解;薄膜表面主要由T i、O两种元素构成,同时存在较少量的A l、S、K等元素。该A l2O3/T iO2复合膜可光催化降解甲基橙溶液,具有光催化活性。     

Effect of CeO2 and Al2O3 contents on Ce‐ZrO2/Al2O3 composites

Effect of CeO₂ and Al₂O₃ contents on phase composition, microstructures, and mechanical properties of Ce–ZrO₂/Al₂O₃ composites was studied. The CeO₂ content in CeO₂–ZrO₂ varied from 7 to 16 mol%, and the Al₂O₃ content in Ce‐ZrO₂/Al₂O₃ composites were 7 and 22 wt%. When CeO₂ content was ≤10 mol%, high Al₂O₃ content contributed to hinder the tetragonal‐to‐monoclinic ZrO₂ phase transformation during cooling and decrease the density of microcracks in the composites. Tetragonal ZrO₂ single‐phase was obtained in the composites with ≥12 mol% CeO₂, regardless of the Al₂O₃ content. Hardness, flexural strength, and toughness were dependent on CeO₂ and Al₂O₃ contents which were related to the microcracks, grain size, and phase transformation. The high flexural strength and toughness of the composites with 7wt% Al₂O₃ could be obtained at an optimum CeO₂ content of 12 mol%, whereas those of the composites with 22 wt% Al₂O₃ could be achieved in the wide CeO₂ content range of 8.5‐12 mol%.     

钛酸铝／氧化铝复合材料的制备及其抗铝液浸渗性能

以Al2O3,TiO2,MgO和Fe2O3粉末为起始原料制备出不同氧化铝含量的钛酸铝／氧化铝复合材料;通过考察浸于熔融铝液中试样断面显微结构和特征元素分布研究了复合材料抗铝液浸渗性能。研究表明,反应烧结得到的是含5％MgTi2O5（质量分数）和1％Fe2TiO5（质量分数）的钛酸铝复合固溶体与氧化铝组成的复合材料,复合材料的烧结致密度随试样中氧化铝含量的增加而增加。高钛酸铝含量的钛酸铝／氧化铝复合材料具有良好的抗铝浸渗性能。     

负载型氧化铝无机膜的制备研究

从无机铝盐出发,采用溶胶凝胶法,在实验室自制的多通道管状αAl2O3支撑体上浸渍成膜。实验考察了有机粘结剂、增塑剂和干燥过程控制剂对膜性能的影响,并用SEM、孔径分布、平均孔径等测试方法对氧化铝无机膜的性能进行了表征。实验结果表明:PVA除了起粘结剂和稳定分散剂外,它还有增塑剂和黏度调节剂的作用,PVA的加入应有一个适宜的量,一般以10%左右为宜;丙三醇既可以做黏度调节剂,又可以作为干燥过程控制剂,有机粘结剂的加入对溶胶与支撑体的润湿性和膜的连续性起着重要的作用,干燥过程控制剂的加入使膜的表面无裂纹和针孔等缺陷产生;当丙三醇2%和PVA10%时,膜的平均孔径变小,孔径分布变窄,平均孔径为7nm左右。     

O3/UV,O3/TiO2/UV,O3/VO2/TiO2降解磺基水杨酸

实验利用O3/UV,O3/TiO2/UV,O3/VO2/TiO2降解了磺基水杨酸.结果表明,在这三种高级氧化技术中,O3/VO2/TiO2的氧化效果最好,如在相同的条件下,30 min后取样表明三者COD的去除率分别为47%,55%和70%.在不同pH条件下研究表明O3/TiO2/UV对水体pH的影响较为敏感.通过加入自由基猝灭剂研究表明三者产生羟基自由基的活性顺序是O3/VO2/TiO2＞O3/TiO2/UV＞O3/UV.     

Effect of SiO2, Fe2O3, and TiO2 on stabilization of cubic ZrO2 in the presence of Al2O3

Several compositions are investigated in order to determine the essence of the phase transformations occurring at temperatures up to 1600°C in the ZrO₂ — Ln₂O₃ (Ln is Nd, Y, Yb) — Al₂O₃ — SiO₂ (Fe₂O₃, TiO₂) systems. The efficiency of using Y₂O₃ and Yb₂O₃ to stabilize cubic ZrO₂ in the presence of a mixture of Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ (Fe₂O₃, TiO₂) is shown. Data show the possibility of fabricating high-quality zirconium-corundum articles with any proportion of Al₂O₃ and ZrO₂.Translated from Ogneupory i Tekhnicheskaya Keramika, No. 6, pp. 17 – 20, June 1996.     

Al2O3 — TiO2 dispersion-strengthened granular refractory ceramics

The technology, properties, phase composition, and structure of Al₂O₃ — TiO₂ refractory granular ceramics are reported. Additional heat treatment provides conditions for generating nanocrystals and increasing significantly the ceramic strength. A dispersion-strengthening mechanism for refractory ceramics is proposed. __________ Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 5, pp. 36–39, May, 2006.     

TiO2/Al2O3-UV光催化降解马拉硫磷的试验研究

采用活性氧化铝负载的二氧化钛作为催化剂,在紫外汞灯光照条件下对低浓度马拉硫磷进行光催化降解,发现氧化铝负载二氧化钛具有比其它催化剂更好的降解效果.研究了反应时间、初始浓度、初始pH、催化剂投加量、曝气强度、光照强度等因素对降解效率的影响,确定了最佳的反应条件组合为催化剂投加量0.3g·L-1,曝气强度2.0L·min-1,采用500W的紫外灯,pH控制在7.5左右,反应时间8min,此时即使原水质量浓度高达2mg·L-1,出水中马拉硫磷质量浓度也能降到0.005 mg·L-1,远低于生活饮用水卫生标准规定的限值,具有安全无毒、催化剂用量少、降解效率高、成本低廉等特点,可较好地应对农药突发污染.     

Effect of La2O3 promoter on NiO/Al2O3 catalyst in CO methanation

A series of NiO/Al2O3 catalysts promoted by different La₂O₃ contents were prepared by impregnation method. The physicochemical properties of NiO-La₂O₃/Al₂O₃ were characterized by N₂ adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), H₂ temperature programmed reduction (H₂-TPR) and H₂ chemisorption. The effect of La₂O₃ on the activity of NiO/Al₂O₃ for CO methanation was investigated in a fixed bed reactor. A lifetime test, as well as thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, was performed to investigate the stability performance and anti-carbon deposition of catalysts. The results showed that the addition of La₂O₃ can restrain the growth of NiO particles, increase the H₂ uptake and Ni dispersion, and therefore enhance the activity of catalysts. When the La₂O₃ content was 3 wt%, a CO conversion of 98% and a selectivity to CH₄ of 96% were obtained at 400 °C. Furthermore, the catalyst NiO-La₂O₃/Al₂O₃ with 3 wt% La₂O₃ content displayed highly stable performance in long-term tests, especially exhibiting good anti-carbon deposition property.