Investigation of Galvanic Chromous Structures

X-ray methods have been used to study the structure of galvanic chromous coatings, which were deposited by chrome acid electrolytes with different additions. The possibility of producing crystalline and amorphous chromous deposits has been established using x-rays. The influence of thermo-processing on the structure and some mechanical characteristics of coatings were investigated. It was shown that during the process of heating, the hardness of crystalline deposits reduced dramatically at about 400^°C. At the same time it was observed that the hardness of amorphous deposits increased significantly.     

13Cr-N80油管钢在不同浓度NaCl溶液中的电偶腐蚀行为

采用电化学方法,研究了超级13Cr-N80油管钢电偶对在不同浓度NaCl溶液中的电偶腐蚀行为,采用SEM分析了电偶对中被腐蚀试样的腐蚀形貌,并利用EDS和XRD分析手段分析了其腐蚀产物。结果表明,在不同浓度NaCl溶液中,13Cr与N80之间均存在明显的电位差,13Cr与N80偶接时均发生了不同程度的电偶腐蚀,电偶对中N80作为阳极被加速腐蚀,而13Cr作为阴极得到保护,超级13Cr-N80油管钢电偶对必须对N80防护后方可偶接使用;随着NaCl溶液浓度的增大,超级13Cr-N80油管钢电偶对的电偶电流密度减小,电偶对中N80的腐蚀程度降低,且其表面的腐蚀产物主要由Fe3O4组成。     

超级13Cr和P110油管钢在NaCl溶液中电偶腐蚀行为的研究

采用电化学方法研究了超级13Cr-P110钢偶对在NaCl溶液中的电偶腐蚀行为,测试了开路电位、电偶电流和电偶电位,采用SEM、EDS和XRD分别对腐蚀形貌和产物进行了表征。结果表明,超级13Cr和P110钢在NaCl溶液中存在明显的电位差,两者偶接时超级13Cr作为阴极被保护,而P110钢作为阳极被加速腐蚀,该电偶对产生的电偶电流密度会形成严重的电偶腐蚀,随着Sc/Sa的增大,电偶电流明显增大,阳极的腐蚀程度加重,腐蚀产物为氧化物,腐蚀破坏的形式由腐蚀产物疏松转变为腐蚀膜层开裂形成的片层状脱落。     

浅谈医用计量器具使用的管理

医疗卫生事业是惠民工程,而计量检定是确保医疗质量的重要支撑。针对医疗机构对计量检定工作管理现状,本文所表述如何完善在用医用计量器具的管理。     

The Synthesis of Lever Mechanisms for Contact Monitoring Instruments

A model of the analysis and synthesis of rational two-lever mechanisms, used in contact monitoring instruments, is considered. For link mechanisms with a small theoretical error, the geometrical parameters of the displacement of the angular element at the input of the sine transmission, which reduce the impulse loads of the sections, are presented.__________Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 5, pp. 50–52, May, 2005.     

LIMS在医疗器械质检机构中的应用

医疗器械产品集机械、电子、光学、声学及材料学、生化学等各类学科为一体,品种、型号和规格极为繁多,对于医疗器械质检机构而言,医疗器械产品的标准类别多,数量大,拥有的检测仪器设备亦具有种类繁多,型号各异,数量众多的特点,在日常的质量检验工作中,样品管理,技术文件(检测标准等)、仪器设备及检测过程控制等方面的管理工作量大、难度高,笔者单位自主研发了一套LIMS系统并投入应用,效果颇佳,本文就应用LIMS系统对于提高医疗器械质检机构的质量管理水平、检测能力和工作效率进行了初步的介绍.     

强检医疗计量器具工作现状分析与对策

根据各年来从事医疗器具检定工作,论述了目前医疗计量检定工作存在的问题与面临的困难,分析计量器具受检率和合格率低的原因,提出了加强与完善医疗机构计量检定的几点对策.     

谈谈现场发泡包装在医疗器械产品上的应用

现场发泡包装在精密医疗器械产品包装上应用,对比发泡聚苯乙烯有特殊的优势,是解决我国湿度较高地区防止由于包装件的含水量导致医疗器械光学镜片的长霉的包装方法之一.     

医疗服务机构的核心流程和关键流程

通过对医疗服务机构流程管理和医疗流程的研究,在医疗服务管理领域提出核心流程和关键流程的概念,在此基础上进一步分析这两类流程的属性,提出对这两类流程进行管理的内容,指出做好核心流程和关键流程的管理是有效实施流程管理的保障.     

镍钛合金在医疗器械领域应用和表面改性研究进展

镍钛合金基于特有的超弹性、形状记忆效应,广泛应用于医疗器械领域。其中超弹性表现为大变形下的弹性应变,应用于血管和腔道介入器械、口腔正畸丝、根管器械等;形状记忆效应可实现低温下易变形、体温下自回复,应用于热激活正畸丝、骨科、矫形外科、缝线等。此外,可通过多样化的表面改性技术,提升镍钛合金的生物相容性、腐蚀抗性、摩擦磨损性能,优化产品性能,拓展其在医疗器械制品中的应用范围。     

基于AHP-FKANO模糊分析法的医用消毒机器人设计评估

目的 为有效预防和控制医院感染,提高医院环境的宜人性,增加用户满意度,在探讨影响医用消毒机器人的设计因素时,合理地确定用户需求偏好及其优先程度。方法 首先通过文献研究、实地观察、半结构化访谈和问卷调研等前期调研法,获得用户需求,并对其进行公信度测评,从而得到医用消毒机器人设计方案评价指标体系,然后通过层次分析法得到初始权重,根据模糊Kano确定的属性系数将初始权重进行修正,以得到更加科学、合理的综合权重,最后运用模糊数学理论对整体设计方案和各个指标进行评价。结论 通过医用消毒机器人的实例验证了该方法的可靠性和可行性,并且基于AHP-FKANO的模糊分析法,能够有效分析出用户需求的重要度和不同需求的情感倾向,可以为医用消毒产品设计方案的选择和优化提供参考。     

Experimental Investigation of the Electromagnetic Interference of ZigBee Transmitters on Measurement Instruments

This paper deals with the electromagnetic susceptibility of measurement systems when subjected to interference generated by short-range, low-power wireless transmitters. A ZigBee transmitter was used as an interfering source operating close to the instrumentation under test. The results of numerous tests prove that different kinds of measurement instrumentation can be affected by the wireless module interference. Significant metrological performance decay was observed for both frequency- and time-domain measurements carried out by instrumentation whose bandwidth includes the ZigBee frequency operating range.      

计量器具强制检定与提高医疗质量协调发展的分析

随着医疗改革步伐的加快,人民群众对医疗质量的要求越来越高。只有准确的医疗计量检测,医生才能利用各种医疗设备正确检查出病人的病情,从而实现对症下药。因而,要保证医疗质量,医院和相关管理部门就要抓好医用计量管理,而其中抓好医用计量器具的强制性检定是关键。     

TA7钛合金/耐热不锈钢电偶腐蚀敏感性研究

依据航空标准评价了ＴＡ７钛合金和１Ｃｒ１１Ｎｉ２Ｗ２ＭｏＶ及Ｃｒ１７Ｎｉ２耐热不锈钢在３．５％ＮａＣｌ水溶液中的电偶腐蚀敏感性,研究了试样表面状态对电偶腐蚀行为的影响,探讨了腐蚀机理。结果发现,有关文献中材料的常规接触腐蚀数据不适合于压气机工况下的材料接触相容性设计,航标中的平均电偶电流密度指标不适合作为评价钝性材料接触腐蚀敏感性的判据。     

包装视觉设计诸要素在医疗器械纸盒设计中的应用

文中讨论了包装材料、加工工艺、结构形状及图案、色彩、文字、编排构成等包装视觉设计的主要因素,探讨了其在实际设计中的应用。     

消费者使用食品接触材料安全状况调查研究

目的消费者的认知和使用行为对其购买产品的决策质量和相关风险的控制水平具有重要影响,因此调查分析消费者的认知状况、使用行为及其影响因素对其他相关研究具有重要参考意义。方法基于常州市5个辖区896个消费者样本数据,分析了样本的主要社会学特征及其食品接触材料的安全性认知和使用行为状况。结果目前大多家庭中的饮食工作主要由女性(占总样本数74.1%)承担;年龄层主要分布在中青年(占总样本数74.1%);消费者对食品接触材料的安全性认知及使用行为总体状况不佳,90%的消费者总体正确率不足60%;具有研究生及以上学历的消费者其总体状况、认知情况和使用行为的正确率,均明显高于其他学历人群。结论消费者对食品接触材料缺乏必要的安全认知,误用行为普遍,亟需加强宣传教育与消费指导。     

Investigation of Self-Excitation and Discharge Processes in an Air-Core Pulsed Alternator

The air-core pulsed alternator has advantages in the application of pulsed power region, such as in electromagnetic launchers. The self-excitation and discharge processes in an air-core alternator are more complicated than traditional iron-core generators. In this paper, a mathematical model of an air-core pulsed alternator is built and several critical problems are analyzed, such as the conditions for successful self-excitation, the time needed for self-excitation, the waveforms of electromagnetic torque, discharge current and load voltage, and the compensation action during discharge, the effect of triggered angles, the rotational speed curve, and the energy reclaiming. Investigation of self-excitation and discharge processes in an air-core pulsed alternator is helpful for understanding the operation principle, predicting the performance, and analyzing and designing the system.     

常用电接触材料耐腐蚀性能研究

本文用人工尘土颗粒无水亚硫酸钠对常用电接触材料的实验样片：镀金样片、镀镍样片、铜样片进行一定温湿度条件下的腐蚀实验。通过对单一实验样片的实验数据分析以及对各实验样片腐蚀后的结果对比,研究特定温湿环境下的常用电接触材料耐腐蚀性能。     

An Investigation of the Relation Between Contact Thermometry and Dew-Point Temperature Realization

Precision optical dew-point hygrometers are the most commonly used transfer standards for the comparison of dew-point temperature realizations at National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) and for disseminating traceability to calibration laboratories. These instruments have been shown to be highly reproducible when properly used. In order to obtain the best performance, the resistance of the platinum resistance thermometer (PRT) embedded in the mirror is usually measured with an external, traceable resistance bridge or digital multimeter. The relation between the conventional calibration of miniature PRTs, prior to their assembly in the mirrors of state-of-the-art optical dew-point hygrometers and their subsequent calibration as dew-point temperature measurement devices, has been investigated. Standard humidity generators of three NMIs were used to calibrate hygrometers of different designs, covering the dew-point temperature range from ?75 °C to + 95 °C. The results span more than a decade, during which time successive improvements and modifications were implemented by the manufacturer. The findings are presented and discussed in the context of enabling the optimum use of these transfer standards and as a basis for determining contributions to the uncertainty in their calibration.