浅谈化学检验技能大赛中理论和技能的并重性

针对目前职业院校技能大赛人才培养时出现的注重技能提升而忽略了实际操作赖以支撑的理论知识的学习,陷入"技能教育"误区的现象,笔者结合多年化学检验技能大赛培训经验,以培养具有一定专业理论知识的高素质技能型专门人才为目标,探索出一种理论知识和技能培训并重的技能大赛人才培养模式,将其付诸于实践,并取得了一定的成效。     

职业院校技能大赛训练要素的分析与研究

全国职业院校技能大赛是一个展示、交流的平台，院校在大赛中取得优异成绩，向企业和社会客观地反映了院校的办学实力和人才培养质量。但要想在技能大赛中取得好成绩，关键在于专业理论知识的掌握及职业技能的科学训练方法。本文对技能大赛前的理论知识学习、操作技能训练和心理素质辅导等方法进行了分析与研究，旨在提高技能训练水平。     

工业分析检验技能大赛实操评分标准解析

近几年随着大家对职业教育技能大赛的重视程度提高,各个专业的技能大赛在全国如火如荼地开展着,"大赛点亮人生,技能改变命运"的口号得到了更多人的认可。通过总结历年的辅导大赛经验,以实操考核评分标准为切入点,分析操作要点,提出有效的培训方法。     

技工培养也要杜绝泡沫

目前,不少化工企业的技工培训工作正在紧锣密鼓地进行,此举弥补了化工企业技术工人的缺口.但据笔者观察,有些企业的培训出现了"拔苗助长"的味道,而企业的技工培养也呈现出虚假繁荣的现象. 比如,一些化企制订了大规模培训高级技工的强化措施,甚至提出一周强化培训、一个月见成效的目标.一些企业为了能在技能大赛中取得好名次,办起了"速成班",加大投入与培养力度.他们通常把几个技术骨干召集在一起,组成"专业参赛队",对繁忙的一线生产不管不顾,专心搞起脱岗培训,给几个技术骨干"开小灶",以确保他们能在技能大赛中取得好名次.可这些技术骨干回到本单位一试,依然对摆在眼前的实际生产难题束手无策.     

技能大赛命题思路与技术点评管窥

本文通过"渤化杯"全国石油与化工职业院校学生化学检验工技能大赛命题设计思路和技能大赛中技术工作要点实施,对大赛技术工作给出评价.对大赛技能操作成绩进行整体分析,得出一些结论并提出一些建议.     

中职化工总控工培养途径——以化工生产技术技能大赛为例

以化工总控工实际工作作为基点,根据化工生产技术技能大赛的考核规程、考核内容、考核指标等对化工专业学生进行理论知识和实践操作能力培养,从而提高职业教育的教学质量和教学效果。     

第三届全国割胶工技能大赛云南赛区选拔赛在景洪闭幕

全国第三届割胶工技能大赛云南农垦选拔赛前不久在云南景洪市落下帷幕。此次选拔赛是云南农垦39个农场属地管理后的首次割胶工技能大赛,各参赛单位高度重视,通过组织技能比赛、选拔赛等多种形式开展比赛选拔活动,并组织选手赛前培训、集训。     

浅析全国化学检验工大赛《仪器分析技能操作》评分标准

一年一次的全国化学检验工技能大赛参赛队伍遍及全国范围,参赛学校和企业代表队逐年增多,已成为全国石油和化工行业的最高赛事,成为一个面向全国两万多家石油和化工企业、石油和化工职业学院、面向全行业600多万产业大军和后备人才的竞技舞台.全国化学检验工大赛越来越受到社会各界的关注,也越来越受到职业院校师生的重视.作者通过解读历届全国化学检验工大赛<仪器分析技能操作>评分标准,与大家分享如何利用大赛评分标准进行大赛培训及制定其他仪器评分标准.     

赛教相融的“中药传统技能综合实训”课程开发

基于"中药传统技能大赛",探索开发赛教相融合的"中药传统技能综合实训"课程。以医药企业中药检验工、中药调剂员、中药炮制与配制工等岗位实际工作为主线,以项目为引导,以任务为驱动,以学生为主体,将技能大赛、学校、企业融为一体,构建最新教育理念;将技能大赛竞赛内容纳入综合实训课程,创新教学内容;将技能大赛考核评分标准纳入实训考核成绩评定,构建新型考核评价方式。通过课程实践,完善教学内容,提高学生职业综合素质。     

山东瓷区在第二届全国陶瓷职业技能竞赛中取得优异成绩硅元瓷器参赛选手获得一、二等奖

正[本刊讯]2016年10月20~23日,第二届全国陶瓷职业技能竞赛总决赛、全国职业院校陶瓷类专业学生职业技能大赛在江西景德镇举办,来自山东、广西、河北、湖南、福建、江苏、江西等11个省主要产瓷区的212名全国陶瓷类技能"高手"云集,角逐陶瓷职业技能竞赛的冠军。该大赛由中国陶瓷工业协会、中国财贸轻纺烟草工会、中国就业培训技术指导中心和中国轻工业职     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。