鸡精人工感官评价与电子舌评价的相关模型研究

鸡精味觉的质量等级评估依靠人工感官评定和电子舌数据分析,以2种评价方式相关性为研究点,采集3种不同添加成分的鸡精调味料人工感官数据和电子舌感官数据,利用改进的BP算法建立人工感官评价与电子舌评价的映射模型,由未知样本的电子舌数据进行样本分类,并直接给出人工感官评价数据,同时比较该类别标准样本与未知样本的人工感官评价指标的差异性。该模型不仅在鸡精感官评价过程中满足客观、快速的要求,而且能够给出鸡精品质鉴定过程中的差异性信息。     

食用菌鲜味味觉定性定量方法的电子舌研究

为了实现食用菌鲜味味觉指标的快速定性和量化分析,比较区分不同的食用菌,本研究选用5种不同的食用菌,利用法国Alpha M.O.S公司生产的电位型味觉分析系统,从鲜味味觉指标对样品进行评价,并结合感官评价以食用菌中主要鲜味物质对食用菌的鲜味强度进行评价,验证仪器测试和感官评价的一致性。结果表明,电子舌能够很好的对不同种类的食用菌进行识别区分,区分指数为99;此外,对电子舌鲜味强度的响应值和感官鲜味评分值建立了偏最小二乘回归分析,表明电子舌鲜味响应值和感官鲜味评分值具有很好的相关性(相关系数为0.94),证明电子舌在一定程度上能够预测食用菌感官评分值。电子舌作为一种新型的现代检测技术在食用菌鲜味品质定性定量检测与分析方面具有巨大的应用潜力。     

黄酒感官质量评价体系研究——以绍兴黄酒为例

感官质量是影响消费者对饮料酒喜好性和接受性的重要因素，开发科学有效的感官质量评价方法是行业和研究人员关注的重点之一。目前关于黄酒感官评价方法和体系的研究报道较少，不能满足行业发展的需要。该研究以绍兴黄酒为例，构建了一套较为系统的黄酒感官评价方法，主要包括风味轮的构建、风味特征剖析和感官质量评价标准的建立。从嗅觉、味觉、口感和余味四方面绘制了由57个描述词组成的风味轮，利用方差分析对风味轮中的描述词进行筛选，获得了描述绍兴黄酒感官特征的24个核心词汇，通过雷达图分析了不同甜型绍兴黄酒的风味特征，进一步建立了由12个评分指标和4个打分梯度构成的黄酒感官质量评价标准。黄酒国家评委使用该标准对不同品质的黄酒进行了打分，成功地将样品进行了区分，说明该方法可以有效评估绍兴黄酒的感官品质。该感官质量评价体系有助于消费者科学有效地鉴别黄酒产品品质，为黄酒感官质量的分析评价提供了基础和手段。     

基于味觉特征的黄酒酒龄鉴别方法研究

为对黄酒酒龄进行鉴别,采用电子舌结合化学计量学方法建立了酒龄鉴别方法。采用电子舌采集了不同酒龄黄酒样品的味觉指纹信息,对比分析了不同清洗溶液对电子舌响应信号的影响,采用主成分分析和判别因子分析法建立了酒龄鉴别模型。分析结果表明：采用10％的酒精做清洗溶液时,数据点较集中,重复性较好;判别因子法所建酒龄鉴别模型中1年陈、3年陈和5年陈样品集的鉴别正确率均为100％。研究表明：电子舌结合化学计量学方法可较好地用于黄酒酒龄鉴别。     

不同环境温度条件酿制的传统黄酒的滋味特征差异分析

传统黄酒是中华酿造技艺之瑰宝,而其半开放的酿造环境易受环境温度条件等影响而导致产品风味品质不稳定。本研究以不同环境温度条件酿制的传统黄酒为研究对象（前性酒（S1）、中性酒（S2和S3）、后性酒（S4））,采用定量描述感官评价分析4批次传统黄酒的静态滋味强度差异,采用时间-强度感官评价和动态主导属性测试分析饮用过程中滋味特征的动态变化及不同批次间的差异,采用电子舌技术分析味觉风味轮廓差异,并结合偏最小二乘法建立滋味预测模型。结果表明：S2和S3的滋味和谐饱满,鲜味突出,苦味和后苦味强度弱;4批次传统黄酒的主导滋味属性按时间先、后均为酸味、苦味和鲜味,S3的苦味优势属性结束最早（85 s）,S4的苦味消逝时间最久（110 s）,S3的鲜味占据主导优势的时间最早,其次为S2、S1和S4。电子舌响应信号与酸、苦和后苦味感官评分具有较好的相关性,后苦味模型最稳健,模型的相关系数r为0.976。静态和动态感官评价结合电子舌可全面评价传统黄酒滋味特征差异,环境温度条件对传统黄酒苦味及后苦味具有重要影响。     

仪器分析技术在黄酒感官评价中的应用研究进展

介绍了一些仪器分析技术(主要是GC-MS技术、GC-O吸闻技术、电子鼻技术和电子舌技术等)结合化学计量学方法在黄酒感官评价研究中的应用,以及仪器分析数据在进行感官评价时具有客观性、一致性等优势.结合传统感官评价体系,指出以仪器分析技术集成化发展为基础的定量化、标准化和科学化是未来黄酒感官评价发展的必然趋势.     

北京盈盛恒泰科技有限责任公司——专业食品感官分析仪器供货商

正味道分析(味觉分析系统即电子舌)日本INSENT公司TS-5000Z系列智能味觉分析系统,即电子舌,采用了同人舌头味觉细胞工作原理相类似的人工脂膜传感器技术,可以客观数字化的评价食品或药品等样品的苦味、涩味、酸味、咸味、鲜味、甜味等基本味觉感官指标,同时还可以分析苦的回味、涩的回味和鲜的回味(丰富度)。     

北京盈盛恒泰科技有限责任公司——专业食品感官分析仪器供货商

正味道分析(味觉分析系统即电子舌)日本INSENT公司TS-5000Z系列智能味觉分析系统,即电子舌,采用了同人舌头味觉细胞工作原理相类似的人工脂膜传感器技术,可以客观数字化的评价食品或药品等样品的苦味、涩味、酸味、咸味、鲜味、甜味等基本味觉感官指标,同时还可以分析苦的回味、涩的回味和鲜的回味(丰富度)。这是一款真正意义上可以同人类味觉感官相匹配的仪器,对于食品、药品等产品质量控制、新品研发、投诉处理、产品打假等各种对味觉评估有要求的场合,是一款非常难得的有效工具!     

北京盈盛恒泰科技有限责任公司——专业食品感官分析仪器供货商

正味道分析(味觉分析系统即电子舌)日本INSENT公司TS-5000z系列智能味觉分析系统,即电子舌,采用了同人舌头味觉细胞工作原理相类似的人工脂膜传感器技术,可以客观数字化的评价食品或药品等样品的苦味、涩味、酸味、咸味、鲜味、甜味等基本味觉感官指标,同时还可以分析苦的回味、涩的回味和鲜的回味(丰富度)。这是一款真正意义上可以同人类味觉感官相匹配的仪器,对于食品、药品等产品质量控制、新品研发、投诉处理、产品打假等各种对味觉评估有要求的场合,是一款非常难得的有效工具!     

北京盈盛恒泰科技有限责任公司——专业食品感官分析仪器供货商

正味道分析(味觉分析系统即电子舌)日本INSENT公司TS-5000Z系列智能味觉分析系统,即电子舌,采用了同人舌头味觉细胞工作原理相类似的人工脂膜传感器技术,可以客观数字化的评价食品或药品等样品的苦味、涩味、酸味、咸味、鲜味、甜味等基本味觉感官指标,同时还可以分析苦的回味、涩的回味和鲜的回味(丰富度)。这是一款真正意义上可以同人类味觉感官相匹配的仪器,对于食品、药品等产品质量控制、新品研发、投诉处理、产品打假等各种对味觉评估有要求的场合,是一款非常难得的有效工具!     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the