共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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目的以轿运车使用数量最少为目标研究整车物流中乘用车的装载问题,以降低物流成本。方法建立轿运车混合装载的数学模型,并用枚举法列出混合装载的所有装载方案;筛选装载率在90%以上的方案建立组合矩阵,以此和乘用车的数量类型等作为约束条件,建立求解轿运车最少数量的数学模型;用遗传算法求最优解,并对计算结果进行验证。结果仿真结果表明遗传算法计算得到的最优配载方案与枚举出的最优解相近,但遗传算法计算时间仅为枚举法计算时间的1/200左右。结论用遗传算法对整车物流中乘用车的装载问题求最优方案的方法收敛速度快,计算结果与理论最优解相近,可兼顾计算时间和计算效果。 相似文献
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针对生产与运输两个过程的联合决策,通过分析一类生产-运输批量优化问题,建立的混合0-1整数规划模型整合了多产品多阶段能力约束批量生产和产品运输。其中运输成本由运输工具使用数量决定,当企业内部运输能力不能满足运输需求时可将运输外包,但需支付更高的运输成本。根据此问题的特点,构造改进蚁群算法求解,令其信息素和启发信息都存在0和1两种状态下的不同取值,通过转移概率确定0-1生产准备矩阵,进一步得到生产矩阵和运输计划。仿真实验结果表明在生产批量决策的同时考虑运输,可以减少运输成本,令总费用最小,通过将实验结果与其他优化算法比较,所构造的蚁群算法寻优概率是100%,平均进化10代,平均耗时小于1 s,稳定性和求解效率均高于其他算法,是求解这类问题一种有效与适用的算法。 相似文献
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通过分析物流行业信息化的特点及发展趋势,提出了移动互联网在物流行业的具体应用,并对GPS管理系统进行了设计,可以帮助物流企业提高工作效率,降低运输成本,保障运输安全。 相似文献
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吕雅丽 《中国新技术新产品》2023,(1):57-59
由于传统调度方法以动态供应链的全局化角度出发,及时性较差,无法适应多车型物流运输环境,因此该文提出基于混沌烟花算法的多车型供应链物流运输调度方法。通过计算空间兼容量得到各车型的调度能力与运输能力,并基于混沌烟花算法的全局搜索寻优能力实现运输路径决策,设计了一个以运输路径畅通、运输成本较低、车辆油耗较低为目标的多车型供应链物流运输调度模型。利用该文方法求解1个供应商与20个零售网点的多车型供应链物流运输调度问题,用到3种车型,总运输距离为5081km,总油耗为525.84L,经验证该方法具有较强的寻优能力。 相似文献
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针对连锁超市需求品类多、配送成本高的问题,采用越库作业的方式来减少物流运输中的库存成本,考虑到降低车辆的运输成本,在越库中心使用多车型的配送方式,以便更好地提高车辆的满载率。将物流过程分为集货、送货两阶段,采取集货过程同类型车辆协同取货和送货过程使用多车型配送的方式;为此,以车辆的运输成本、固定成本最小化为目标,建立具有多车型的越库配送车辆路径优化模型;考虑模型复杂性,设计改进遗传算法对模型进行求解,通过扫描算法产生初始种群;最后结合算例将单车型和多车型的运输成本进行比较,对模型和算法进行验证分析。结果表明,具有多车型的越库作业能有效地提高连锁超市的运作效率,降低物流成本。 相似文献
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物流优化问题的EXCEL解 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
针对汽车销售物流实例,讨论多点生产、跨地域销售的大型企业,在销售物流中如何用优化方法节省运输物流成本的问题.同时研究应用EXCEL求解线性规划实际问题的方法.最后还深入讨论了求解过程中应当注意的问题.提供的方法具有实用价值,同时从文中明显看出,此类多点生产和销售的大型企业在在企业建立时就必须综合考虑优化布局,才可以有效地减少产品物流成本. 相似文献
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针对快递包装回收成本较高、回收效率较低等问题,从快递包装回收物流系统主体要素和运作模式两个方面阐释了3类典型回收系统,分析了各系统的具体运作模式及流程。在此基础上,构建了快递包装回收物流系统最优调运方案的基本模型,运用表上作业法对多维中转运输问题进行求解。算例结果表明,通过归纳各类回收模式将现实问题进行模型化分析得出的最优调运方案,并与传统的调运方案相比,将快递包装经过有效中转,能较大降低快递包装回收物流系统的运输成本。 相似文献
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为了解决主机厂供应物流交付不及时、卸货位忙闲不均、物流费用不透明、运输效率和服务水平低、管理不可控的现状问题,应用“5W3H”和问卷调查法提出了A车型发动机和变速箱供应物流采用取货制的解决方法。建立了基于平准化、准时化的物流和信息流模型,基于三流合一建立了物流、信息流和资金流作业流程。通过规划方案在试点改善中的应用,使配送中心库存由10 d降为3 d,运输车辆由16台减为8台,每年降低运输费用1 000万元。结果表明该研究成果对于企业提升物流管理水平、降低供应链物流成本和增强整体竞争力具有指导作用。 相似文献
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This paper presents a mixed-integer linear optimisation model to analyse the intermodal transportation systems in the Turkish transportation industry. The solution approach includes mathematical modelling, data analysis from real-life cases and solving the resulting mathematical programming problem to minimise total transportation cost and carbon dioxide emissions by using two different exact solution methods in order to find the optimal solutions. The novel approach of this paper generates Pareto solutions quickly and allows the decision makers to identify sustainable solutions by using a newly developed solution methodology for bi-objective mixed-integer linear problems in real-life cases. 相似文献
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Gul Freen Sajida Kousar Nasreen Kausar Dragan Pamucar Georgia Irina Oros 《计算机、材料和连续体(英文)》2023,74(3):4861-4879
The petroleum industry has a complex, inflexible and challenging supply chain (SC) that impacts both the national economy as well as people’s daily lives with a range of services, including transportation, heating, electricity, lubricants, as well as chemicals and petrochemicals. In the petroleum industry, supply chain management presents several challenges, especially in the logistics sector, that are not found in other industries. In addition, logistical challenges contribute significantly to the cost of oil. Uncertainty regarding customer demand and supply significantly affects SC networks. Hence, SC flexibility can be maintained by addressing uncertainty. On the other hand, in the real world, decision-making challenges are often ambiguous or vague. In some cases, measurements are incorrect owing to measurement errors, instrument faults, etc., which lead to a pentagonal fuzzy number (PFN) which is the extension of a fuzzy number. Therefore, it is necessary to develop quantitative models to optimize logistics operations and supply chain networks. This study proposed a linear programming model under an uncertain environment. The model minimizes the cost along the refineries, depots, multimode transport and demand nodes. Further developed pentagonal fuzzy optimization, an alternative approach is developed to solve the downstream supply chain using the mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model to obtain a feasible solution to the fuzzy transportation cost problem. In this model, the coefficient of the transportation costs and parameters is assumed to be a pentagonal fuzzy number. Furthermore, defuzzification is performed using an accuracy function. To validate the model and technique and feasibility solution, an illustrative example of the oil and gas SC is considered, providing improved results compared with existing techniques and demonstrating its ability to benefit petroleum companies is the objective of this study. 相似文献
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With the growth of the online market, demand for logistics and courier cargo is increasing rapidly. Accordingly, in the case of urban areas, road congestion and environmental problems due to cargo vehicles are mainly occurring. The joint courier logistics system, a plan to solve this problem, aims to establish an efficient logistics transportation system by utilizing one joint logistics delivery terminal by several logistics and delivery companies. However, several courier companies use different types of courier invoices. Such a system has a problem of information data transmission interruption. Therefore, the data processing process was systematically analyzed, a practically feasible methodology was devised, and delivery invoice information processing standards were established for this. In addition, the importance of this paper can be emphasized in terms of data processing in the logistics sector, which is expected to grow rapidly in the future. The results of this study can be used as basic data for the implementation of the logistics joint delivery terminal system in the future. And it can be used as a basis for securing the operational reliability of the joint courier logistics system. 相似文献
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A dynamic lot-sizing model with multi-mode replenishments: polynomial algorithms for special cases with dual and multiple modes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper generalizes the classical dynamic lot-sizing model to consider the case where replenishment orders may be delivered by multiple shipment modes. Each mode may have a different lead time and is characterized by a different cost function. The model represents those applications in which products can be purchased through various suppliers or delivered from a single source using various transportation modes with different lead times and costs. The problem is challenging due to the consideration of cargo capacity constraints, i.e., the multiple set-ups cost structure, associated with a replenishment mode. The paper presents several structural optimality properties of the problem and develops efficient algorithms, based on the dynamic programming approach, to find the optimal solution. The special, yet practical, cases of the two-mode replenishment problem analyzed in this paper are analytically tractable, and hence, the respective problems can be solved in polynomial time. 相似文献
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针对传统的车辆路径问题较少关注客户满意度的情况,以客户对服务时间和货物完好性的要求来衡量客户满意度,构建基于模糊时间窗的时间满意度函数和基于货损率的货物完好满意度函数,在此基础上以客户满意度最大和运输成本最小为目标建立优化模型,设计相应算例并利用LINGO17.0软件进行求解,与中小物流企业常用的扫描法进行对比验证模型的有效性。结果表明:利用LINGO17.0求得的优化结果与扫描法相比,虽然运输成本有一定增加,但相应的平均客户满意度提高了36.3%,建立的模型能较好地平衡客户满意度和运输成本,对于物流企业配送路径的决策优化有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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目的 优化冷链物流企业库存-配送的路径,以降低企业冷链物流的成本.方法 考虑冷链物流企业库存和配送环节产生成本的因素,并结合我国关于碳减排的碳交易政策,将企业的碳排放代价同其他代价综合考虑,建立以总代价最低为目标的成本模型,设计并改进麻雀搜索算法进行计算.结果 通过使用MatlabR2018b进行仿真实验,将采用麻雀搜索算法计算的仓储-配送作业总代价与其他经典算法进行比较,在1个仓储配送任务内,代价可减少2%~4%,验证了麻雀搜索算法解决文中代价模型的有效性.结论 该研究为冷链物流企业库存-配送优化问题提供了一种新型的解决方法,具有较强的操作性和实际意义. 相似文献
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目的 研究区块链技术在食品安全领域,尤其是在生鲜食品冷链物流质量安全监测中的具体应用,以加强食品质量安全管理,提高食品冷链供应链效益.方法 分析生鲜食品冷链物流质量安全管理的薄弱环节,论证区块链技术的食品冷链质量安全监测适用性基础上,以区块链为底层技术构建食品冷链质量安全信息平台,研究区块链技术的创新应用对食品冷链质量安全管理的提升效果.结果 应用区块链技术构建了数据统一、运营高效的生鲜食品冷链质量安全信息平台,对食品质量安全信息进行了实时采集,实现了质量安全风险即时预警、质量安全问题有效溯源,有助于重塑食品质量安全生态系统.结论 区块链作为分布式账本、数字签名、溯源存证等一系列核心技术的组合,基于区块链技术创建食品冷链质量安全信息平台,能够强化微生物污染监测、缩短食品冷链在途时间,并使质量安全问题得到有效追踪溯源,对于加强食品质量安全管理、促进生鲜食品供应链优化有重要意义. 相似文献