无润滑压缩机设计(三)

第五章 活塞环、张力环、 支承环 第一节 活 塞 环 一、作用 原理 活塞环是无润滑压缩机的重要零件之一,一般寿命较短,属于易损零件。它的好坏直接影响到压缩机的排气量、功率、可靠性等,即影响压缩机的经济性和使用寿命。 活塞环的作用原理与泄漏通道与一般压缩     

往复式气体压缩机常见故障及排除

往复式气体压缩机在石油化工企业中广泛应用。本文结合在维护操作中的实际经验,归纳了曲轴箱异响、压缩机不启动、曲轴油封漏失、更换活塞环和支承环、气缸内异响和盘根过热等10种故障,分析故障原因并提出了相应的排除方法。     

2D3.5-15/13型压缩机改造为富气压缩机

将老式结构的2D3 5-15/13型压缩机,经过技术改造使其成为无油润滑富气压缩机,对原压缩机的运行状况进行了技术分析,确定了需改造的问题和相应的改造措施,使压缩机改造后,其气阀、活塞环、支承环、填料等易损件的寿命得到提高,压缩机的故障率、维修率降低。     

提高无油润滑往复活塞压缩机活塞环支承环使用寿命的方法

分析了影响活塞环、支承环使用寿命的主要原因,及采取一些相应的措施和方法,以改善和提高活塞环、支承环的使用寿命。     

填充聚四氟乙烯在5L-40/8-1型无润滑压缩机上的应用

我厂于1965年开始生产无润滑压缩机。压缩机上所用的无润滑件如活塞环、支承环、填料密封环和阻流环等氟塑料件,分别由外单位加工制造。但是由于他们的配方不当,工艺过程不稳定,氟塑料件质量达不到要求,影响了压缩机的质量。由1972年开始我厂自行试制含氟塑料制品及其它工程塑料制品,1973年正式投产,至今已全部承担我厂各种型号无润滑压缩机中塑料零件的制造。     

关于延长2+1SVL320氢气压缩机运行周期的方法探索与实践

针对300万t直馏柴油加氢氢气压缩机活塞环磨损的现象,通过对该压缩机气缸缸套材质、活塞环、支撑环材质、缸体注油量、活塞结构及校核活塞超级螺母预紧力等分析压缩机活塞环、支撑环磨损的原因,提出对应改造方案及解决措施,为同类型压缩机检修提供经验共享。     

压缩机用含油尼龙活塞环

压缩机活塞环通常采用合金铸铁环或填充聚四氟乙烯环。前者用于一般有油润滑压缩机,后者用于无油润滑压缩机。但是,含油尼龙活塞环具有优异的摩擦磨损特性和价格低廉等优点,将在实践使用中逐步为用户所认识,并在压缩机领域中得到广泛的应用。     

全无油润滑压缩机活塞环的磨损及其对策

在对活塞环的磨损特性分析的基础上,分别就活塞环的材质、工作温度、导向环和径长比对全无油润滑压缩机活塞环磨损的影响进行了探讨。可通过选用适宜的自润滑材料、较低的转速和径长比、设置导向环和降低活塞环的工作温度等措施,减小活塞环的磨损,提高使用寿命。以此开发的SW-2.5/7型全无油润滑压缩机上活塞环的使用寿命达8000h以上。     

气体压缩机实现无油润滑的技术改进（三）

四、支承环的设计凡使用ＰＴＦＥ活塞环的无油润滑活塞,都应使用与活塞环相同材质的支承环。如果支承环安装在活塞头部位置,当活塞行进到止点时,允许支承环越出活塞行程,部分进入气阀阀孔通道。无切口整圈式支承环允许的越出长度为环宽的三分之二,有切口整圈式支承环允许的越出长度为环宽的三分之一。１．支承环的结构形式（１）无切口整圈式支承环（图１８）。这种支承环的安装形式见图１９。它与活塞体上的支承环槽为过盈配合,在工作状态下仍保持一定的箍紧力,以保证支承环在活塞体上不会松动。无切口整圈式支承环的内、外圆直径等…     

无油润滑压缩机活塞环的研究进展

为实现压缩机的无油润滑，需采用无润滑活塞环。无润滑活塞环由自润滑材料制造。本文分析了常用自润滑材料，如填充聚四氟乙烯、填充聚酰亚胺等的性能及工程应用，并报道了金属材料、复合型填充聚四氟乙烯、CFRP等新材料。介绍了整体开口活塞环及无背压活塞环的结构、特点、应用及设计计算。对活塞环结构型式的研究进展，如T型环、压力平衡环、超短迷宫式无托环整体无背压活塞环、一槽双环等作了介绍，并展望了无润滑活塞环的研究前景。     

转炉托圈的更换

托圈是太钢转炉设备中的重要组成部件,也是易损件之一.在转炉检修的过程中,提出了一套更换托圈的切实有效的方法,从而提高了检修效率,降低了转炉的检修成本.     

活塞环工艺技术综述

活塞环性能的优劣直接影响到内燃机的整体性能,随着现代内燃机的发展,对于活塞环提出了越来越高的要求。要实现活塞环的特性,加工技术就尤为重要,本文阐述了现代活塞环生产技术特点,并与传统加工方法进行对比,对它们的优缺点进行了分析,并体现了现代活塞环技术的发展趋势。     

联接环质量问题探讨

分析了联接环所用材料和热处理工艺对其力学性能的影响,并提出几点提高联接环质量的建议。     

格莱圈在某机型中的应用

该文分析了格莱圈的结构特点及密封原理,对塑性材料聚四氟乙烯和弹性体材料橡胶的性能进行了对比介绍,说明了设计、检验及安装的相关要求及方法.     

Grain refinement-plastic deformation-texture of bearing ring blank in cold ring rolling

The cold ring rolling of GCr15 steel was carried out for achieving the grain refinement and texture of bearing ring blanks while causing plastic deformation within the matrix. The degree of grain refinement was significantly increased by enlarging the rolled deformation. The plastic damage of bearing ring blanks was correlated with the degree of grain refinement. The rolled plastic deformation was an influential factor with crucial effects on the texture evolution. These results obtained provide valuable guidance for revealing the relationship of the microstructure of bearing ring blanks with the process of cold ring rolling.

     

Microstructure evolution modeling of titanium alloy large ring in hot ring rolling

Exploration of microstructure evolution is of significance for manufacturing the large ring with high performance and high reliability in hot ring rolling. In the study, the microstructure evolution model and the rate-/temperature-/microstructure-dependent constitutive model of titanium alloy are implemented in ABAQUS/Explicit through the user material subroutine VUMAT. The developed subroutine is validated by single-element models and isothermal upsetting experiments of Ti–6Al–4V cylinder. The subroutine is imbedded into a coupled thermomechanical three-dimensional finite element (3D-FE) model for hot rolling of Ti–6Al–4V large ring. The evolution characteristics of β phase volume fraction and grain size of Ti–6Al–4V during the process are revealed, and the final microstructures of the large ring under different processing conditions are explored. The results obtained show that (1) microstructure evolution follows the trend with the process progressing: the fine grain zone transfers from the surface layer (SL) to the middle layer (ML) of the ring; the poor β zone extends from the outside of the SL to the end-plane of the ML, and the rich β zone always locates at the SL. (2) decreasing the rotational velocity of the driver roll n ₁, or increasing the feed rate of the idle roll v or the initial temperature of the ring T ₀ contributes to more uniform distributions of β phase and its grain size, but results in the increase of the β phase volume fraction and grain size.     

An analysis of the ring upsetting of sintered material

On the basis of plasticity theory for porous metal, an analysis of ring compression has been carried out, employing the upper-bound approach. The plastic flowability and the neutral radius of the porous metal ring have been calculated and the deformation characteristics of the powder forging then obtained from these results.Ring-compression experiments have been carried out on sintered-iron porous metal of various relative densities under various friction conditions: good agreement is observed between the calculated curves and the experimental results from the tests. It is demonstrated that the friction factor for powder-metal forming can be determined not only from the relationship between reduction in height and reduction in internal diameter, but also independently from the relationship between reduction in height and relative density, if the initial relative density is known.     

圆环式伸缩接头以梁式模型的变形分析

对圆环式伸缩接头,建立固定端的静不定梁式模型,列出弹塑性变形下的典型方程;根据假设波纹管两端固结的边界条件和循环疲劳的工作环境及材料折线硬化的实际情况,利用计算机对典型方程进行逐次积分求得符合精度要求的逼近解.得出与简化为轴对称薄壳模型计算结果结果极为接近的结论,即无量纲关系-u(-ε)对薄壳的几何参数和壳两端固定的位移的比率几乎相差无几,而且理论计算结果与实验数据非常接近.     

无内圈满滚子轴承内复圆直径测量方法

利用检测环和圆锥心轴测量内复圆直径尺寸,解决了特殊结构轴承尺寸测量问题。     

Calibrating the electron-optical model of the VEPP-5 damping ring

An experimental technique for investigating the linear optics of the storage ring by measuring the beam response to weak disturbances of the deflecting and focusing field is described. The electron-optical model of the damping ring of the VEPP-5 injection complex has been calibrated by measuring the closed orbit distortions and the betatron tune response to field variations of the dipole, quadrupole, and sextupole steering magnets. An analytical expression has been derived for each measured response, which has made it possible to solve the problem of calibrating the damping ring model by means of a standard accelerator optics design program. The model obtained has been verified by measuring the horizontal beta function and the betatron phase advances between the beam position monitors using the model-independent technique.