淘析器内两相流场的数值模拟

采用FLUENT6.2.16对淘析器内的三维气相流场进行了模拟,参照模拟结果分析了影响其分离效果的结构因素,针对可能存在问题的结构设计了多种新结构方案,通过分析对比模拟结果,发现加长对流段、在淘析区加入格栅板的结构更有利于规整流场,促进细粉尘的分离.采用离散相模型对依据此方案设计的新型淘析器内颗粒的运动轨迹进行了计算,估算了淘析器的分级效率和总分离效率.与原淘析器的对比结果表明:该新型淘析器可消除现有淘析器出口附近的短路流,提高细粉尘的分离效率.     

低压蒸汽管道气液两相流场数值分析

采用Ansys Fluent 17.0对管道模型进行气液两相流数值分析,采用Euler模型计算出液相比例在5%、10%、15%对应液态颗粒直径分别为0.01 mm、0.04 mm、0.08 mm时,管道内中轴面处液相流场速度云图和液相浓度分布云图。模拟结果表明:增大液相浓度和液相颗粒直径会导致出口管道中紊流现象加剧。     

搅拌槽内液-固两相体系的数值研究(Ⅰ)流场的数值模拟

Three-dimensional solid-liquid flow is mathematically formulated by means of the “two-fluid” approach and the two-phase k-ε-Ap turbulence model. The turbulent fluctuation correlations appearing in the Reynolds time averaged governing equations are fully incorporated. The solid-liquid flow field and solid concentration distribution in baffled stirred tanks with a standard Rushton impeller are numerically simulated using an improved “inner-outer” iterative procedure. The flow pattern is identified via the velocity vector plots and a recirculation loop with higher solid concentration is observed in the central vicinity beneath the impeller. Comparison of the simulation with experimental data on the mean velocities and the turbulence quantities of the solid phase is made and quite reasonable agreement is obtained except for the impeller swept volume. The counterpart of liquid phase is presented as well. The predicted solid concentration distribution for three experimental cases with the average solid concentration up to 20% is also found to agree reasonably with the experimental results published in the literature.     

固液两相流渐缩管冲刷特性的数值模拟

为研究固液两相流下油气田输送管道渐缩管的冲刷特性,在液固两相流条件下,在Workbench中建立倾角为3°、8°、13°、18°和23°的渐缩管物理模型,利用ANSYS-Fluent软件对渐缩管段进行冲刷特性数值模拟,同时分析入口流速、渐缩段倾角、砂粒浓度、砂粒粒径四个参量对渐缩管段的冲刷破坏规律。结果表明：流速、动压、剪切应力、湍流动能沿渐缩段流动方向逐渐增加,而静压沿渐缩段流动方向逐渐减小,砂粒浓度在渐缩段底部较高。最大冲刷速率随入口流速、渐缩段倾角和砂粒浓度增加而增大,砂粒粒径对冲刷速率的影响较为复杂,随砂粒粒径增加,冲刷速率先减小,后增大,随后又减小,最终趋于平稳。本文固液两相流渐缩管冲刷特性的数值模拟结果可为油气生产中管道变径管段冲刷控制与防护提供有价值的理论指导。     

液固两相流中磨蚀-腐蚀的数值模拟

Erosion-corrosion of liquid-solid two-phase flow occurring in a pipe with sudden expansion in cross-section is numerically simulated in this paper. The global model for erosion-corrosion process includes three main components: the liquid-solid two-phase flow model, erosion model and corrosion model. The Eulerian-Lagrangian approach is used to simulate liquid-solid two-phase flow, while the stochastic trajectory model was adopted to obtain properties of particle phase. Two-way coupling effect between the fluid and the particle phase is considered in the model. The accuracy of the models is tested by the data in the reference. The comparison shows that the model is basically correct and feasible.     

双相不锈钢管固液两相流动腐蚀的数值模拟

在碳钢流动腐蚀数值模拟的基础上,针对管道流动体系,对固液两相流条件下双相不锈钢的流动腐蚀进行了数值模拟.模拟了固液两相流体动力学过程和双相不锈钢腐蚀动力学过程,模拟计算得到的腐蚀速率与实测值基本一致,表明建立的两相不锈钢流动腐蚀的综合数学模型是正确的,揭示了两相流中双相不锈钢的流动腐蚀机理,并进行了实验验证.两相流中双相不锈钢流动腐蚀的加剧主要是由于颗粒相的存在会大大强化液相流体的流体力学因素,导致钝化膜内传质速度加快所致.计算结果同时也表明,对于表面覆盖有钝化膜的材料的数值模拟,建立合理的流动腐蚀动力学模型是数值计算方法应用成功与否的关键.     

石化管道液固两相流冲蚀磨损的数值模拟研究

液固两相流对管道的冲蚀磨损是石化行业中经常发生的一种管道失效方式。本文采用Fluent中的DPM模型对某炼厂的石化管线进行数值模拟研究,得到了液固两相流条件下整体管线的冲蚀速率分布,并对不同位置的局部管件冲蚀速率进行了分析。模拟结果表明:该管线中盲三通盲管和支管相贯线区域最容易发生冲蚀破坏。本文的研究结果可为工程实际中冲蚀检测提供准确的布点指导。     

淘析器内气固两相流动的数值模拟

针对现有淘析器存在分级效率低,粒料中夹带塑料粉尘和部分粒料随气流溢出的问题,采用CFD模拟软件FLUENT6.2对现有淘析器及其改进型淘析器内部的气相流场和粒子运动轨迹进行了数值模拟.气相控制方程采用标准湍流模型,颗粒运动控制方程采用随机轨道模型.模拟结果表明:改进型淘析器可消除现有淘析器出口附近的短路流:加长对流直管段,增加了气固对流时间,强化了气流对粒料表面的剪切作用;淘析区加入格栅,既规整流场,消除静电吸附,又通过碰撞振动提高了粒料表面粉尘的分离程度.     

基于液固两相流排污管道冲蚀磨损的数值模拟

针对管道的冲蚀磨损问题,基于液固两相流理论及离散相模型,应用Fluent有限元分析软件,建立了排污管道的二维有限元模型。结果表明,含固体颗粒的液体对排污管道产生的冲蚀磨损,主要集中在分支管与总管的交接处。研究方法对排污管道的设计具有一定的参考价值。     

立式分离器两相流场数值模拟

针对海上平台的发展趋势,所开采出的为油气混合液需要分离处理。因海上平台自身的特点,提出了海上平台主要以立式分离器为主来进行气液分离。而立式分离器其本身的分离效能对海上平台的应用至关重要。因此采用CFD模型(计算流体力学)方法对油气两相分离过程中的两相流场进行了数值模拟分析,模拟结果表明,所采用的数学模型和数学模拟计算方法正确。通过分析,可以预测并反映混合液变量中,流体的不同速度,粘度对气液两相分离的分离效能产生的规律及影响,并更加系统深入地探讨了立式分离器内气液两相的流动及特,从而预测了提高立式分离器气液分离的分离效能的影响因素,数值模拟计算结果可为海上平台的气液分离提供一定的理论指导。     

环管反应器内液固两相流的数值模拟

为了对环管反应器内液固两相的流动形态进行研究,建立了以颗粒动力学为基础的Euler-Euler双流体模型.在浆液流速远大于自由沉降速度的情况下,模拟了不同浆液入口速度时的环管反应器上升段压力降,同时对管道内液固两相流中的一些重要参数进行了数值研究:在入口液固两相体积分布均匀的情况下,环管反应器上升段、弯管段以及下降段液固两相体积分布和液固两相速度均不一样,在弯管段由于离心力存在而引起管道内二次流,使得固相颗粒甩向弯管的外侧壁,引起固相体积分数在弯管外侧壁明显增大,管道内固体颗粒相分布不均.在浆液速度v =3 m·s-1时,液相和固相的速度有一定的速度差,随着入口速度增大,速度差变小;当浆液速度v =7 m·s-1时,固体颗粒相速度分布与液相速度基本相同,两者之间的滑移速度可以忽略.计算结果与传统经验公式的比较表明模型能有效地描述环管反应器内压力降和反应器内浆液流动形态.     

Multiphase CFD Simulation of a Solid Bowl Centrifuge

This study presents some results from the numerical simulation of the flow in an industrial solid bowl centrifuge used for particle separation in industrial fluid processing. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software Fluent was used to simulate this multiphase flow. Simplified two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional geometries were built and meshed from the real centrifuge geometry. The CFD results show a boundary layer of axially fast moving fluid at the gas‐liquid interface. Below this layer there is a thin recirculation. The obtained tangential velocity values are lower than the ones for the rigid‐body motion. Also, the trajectories of the solid particles are evaluated.     

微小非圆截面通道内气液两相流数值模拟研究

利用ANSYS FLUENT软件,采用混合(Mixture)多相流模型对当量直径均为0.6 mm,高宽比分别为0.67、1、1.5的三种不同微小非圆截面通道内两相流流动与传热进行数值模拟,获得了不同截面管道内两相流温度、截面含气率及摩擦系数等变化分布情况,分析得出三种管道中高宽比为1.5时的矩形截面管道内两相流动及传热特性最优。     

用扩散流动模型分析悬浮床内的气固两相向上流动

A mathematical model of two-dimensional turbulent gas-particle two-phase flow based on the modified diffusion flux model (DFM) and a numerical simulation method to analyze the gas-particle flow structures are developed. The modified diffusion flux model, in which the acceleration due to various forces is taken into account for the calculation of the diffusion velocity of particles, is applicable to the analysis of multi-dimensional gas-particle two-phase turbulent flow. In order to verify its accuracy and efficiency, the numerical simulation by DFM is compared with experimental studies and the prediction by κ-ε-κp two-fluid model, which shows a reasonable agreement. It is confirmed that the modified diffusion flux model is suitable for simulating the multi-dimensional gas-particle two-phase flow.     

悬吊转子碟式分离机动态性能研究

建立悬吊转子碟式分离机主轴系统的几何模型,导入ADAMS机械动力学分析软件,通过定义载荷及各相连接零件的约束关系,生成虚拟主轴系统动力学模型,在此基础上对分离机启动过程中质心加速度及固有频率等特性进行综合分析,并讨论了影响系统运转稳定性主要因素.     

Numerical Simulation on Gas-Solid Two-Phase Turbulent Flow in FCC Riser Reactors (II) Numerical Simulation on the Gas-Solid Two-Phase Turbulent Flow

Numerical simulation on the flow, heat transfer and cracking reactions in commercial fluid catalytic cracking(FCC)riser reactors were carried out employingthe developed turbulent gas-solid two-phase flow-reaction model for FCC riser reactors given in Part Ⅰ of thepresent paper.Detailed information about the turbulentflow fields in the riser reactor obtained revealed the basic characteristics of the gas-solid two-phase turbulent flows when heat transfer and catalytic cracking reactions were co-existing in the riser. Results showed that the distributions of the flow, the turbulence kinetic energy and the catalyst particle concentration arenot uniform in the axial, radial and tangential directions. The most complicated part of the riser reactor is the feed injecting zone. The complicated configuration of the turbulent gas-solid two-phase flows would exert a great influence on the results of interphase heat transfer and cracking reactions.     

A Numerical Sirnulation of Gas-Particle Two-Phase Flow in a Suspension Bed Using DifFusion Flux Model

A mathematical modei of two-dimensional turbulent gas-particle twophase flow based on the modified diffusion flux modei (DFM) and a numerical simulation method to analyze the gas-particle flow structures are developed. The modified diffusion flux modei, in which the acceleration due to various forces is taken into account for the calculation of the diffusion velocity of particles, is applicable to the analysis of multi-dimensional gas-particle two-phase turbulent flow. In order to verify its accuracy and efficiency, the numerical simulation by DFM is compared with experimental studies and the prediction by k-ε-kp two-fluid modei, which shows a reasonable agreement. It is confirmed that the modified diffusion flux modei is suitable for simulating the multi-dimensional gas-particle two-phase flow.     

硅包底吹富氧精炼气液两相流动的数值模拟

应用VOF(Volume-of-Fluid)多相流模型,对单个气泡在水中的运动情况进行三维模拟,对气泡在上升过程中的变形与自由表面的波动情况进行研究,表明所建立的数学模型具有一定的合理性.以某公司的底吹氧化精炼硅包为原型,运用数值模拟的方法对富氧-硅液两相流进行三维瞬态数值模拟,研究硅包内不同截面气泡主要参数、气体体积分数分布规律、硅包内液体流动情况以及自由液面波动情况,为硅包的结构设计、寿命计算以及工业硅炉外精炼的优化提供了基础与依据.