基于软件定义网络的WLAN负载均衡算法研究

在无线局域网中,终端通常根据接收到的信号强度值进行接入或切换,这将导致各个AP之间负载不均衡,造成网络资源利用率低。为此,文章提出了一种基于软件定义网络的无线局域网负载均衡策略,通过把超载AP服务范围内的终端切换到轻载AP上,使网络达到均衡状态。仿真实验表明,该方案有效平衡了各个AP的负载,提高了网络的系统吞吐量。     

公用无线局域网的负载均衡策略

无线局域网与GPRS结合而成的公用无线局域网,是一种覆盖全球的宽带移动通信网,负载均衡策略是其中的一项关键技术.本文首先提出基于接入控制器(AC)的集中式负载均衡策略(CLBAC)以提高网络安全性,然后提出分布式负载均衡策略(DLB):各用户在接入网络的时侯,首先采用虚拟的分布式协调功能(VDCF)预测各小区的实时负载,然后接入负载最轻的小区.与集中式负载均衡策略比较,分布式负载均衡策略在网络资源开销和安全性等方面具有明显优势.仿真结果表明:VDCF算法预测小区负载快捷准确.     

无线局域网中的负载均衡技术

随着无线局域网扩展服务集中的终端（STA）的移动和无线信道的时变，各个接入点（AP）上的负载会出现差异，需要加强负载均衡，平衡各个AP的差异，以达到最大化的网络资源利用。无线局域网中的负载均衡算法可以采用STA／AP主控负载均衡或接入式／切换式负载均衡技术。在时分双工的时分同步码分多址（TD—SCDMA）系统中，由于系统在最小资源单位和媒体访问机制等方面的差异，负载均衡可以在小到时隙和码道，大到终端和小区等不同的级别上进行，体现码分多址（CDMA）和时分双工（TDD）的特点，具体方式更加灵活多样。     

一种改进的WLAN与3GPP系统互连框架

提出了一种改进的WLAN与3GPP系统互连框架及其网络切换的方法,新增一个服务器MS,负责建立和维护AP信息列表,检测假冒AP,均衡网络AP负载;参与预认证过程,防止恶意终端进行DOS攻击;基于移动终端的位置、移动性的预测选择目标AP,避免切换的盲目性和不必要的开销;结合终端的业务类型和签约服务等级进行具有优先级的切换,提高运营商运营效益和QoS,保证资源的合理利用.     

3G移动终端流媒体播放技术的研究

3G网络通信数据增值业务的迅速发展,使得无线流媒体应用越来越受到人们的关注。因此在移动网络环境中,针对手机终端的流媒体解码播放技术正成为研究热点。在对3G网络中移动终端的视频解码技术进行探讨基础上,设计了从PC端向移动终端发送音、视频内容的无线流媒体的具体应用系统,实现了在Symbian平台手机终端的H.264协议的解码播放,解码效果良好基本满足实时解码的要求。     

基于拓扑控制的无线传感器网络节点负载均衡策略

无线传感器网络已成为当今的一个研究热点,由于无线传感器网络是一个能量受限网络,需要采取措施延长网络的正常使用寿命,负载均衡策略正是延长网络生命期的重要手段.本文介绍无线传感器网络中的节点负载问题,提出了一种基于拓扑控制的无线传感器网络节点负载均衡策略,有助于延长无线传感器网络的使用寿命.     

无线Mesh网中一种基于综合准则的DSR扩展路由方法

无线Mesh网(Wireless Mesh Network:WMN)是一种新型的分布式宽带无线网络结构,相对于典型的移动Ad hoc网络,该网络由于具有节点移动性小、不受电池动力限制等特点,从而导致传统的移动Ad hoc路由协议不再适用.为了满足WMN多媒体业务传输的性能要求,WMN路由必须满足负载均衡、路由容错与网络容量等目标.本文首先介绍了当前几种已有的WMN路由协议,在此基础上,提出了一种适用于WMN的基于综合准则的动态源路由(Dynamic Source Routing:DSR)扩展路由方法,该方法综合考虑了投递率、剩余带宽以及节点负载等因素.分析与仿真结果表明,该算法极大地提高了网络吞吐量,并且达到了负载均衡的设计目标.     

下一代移动网络中非连续接收机制对移动互联网业务性能影响分析

移动互联网业务的发展引发了大量需要终端与网络间进行频繁交互的业务,产生了终端能量和无线信令资源消耗过度的问题。结合3GPP标准定义的下一代移动网络非连续接收(discontinuous reception,DRX)机制,从终端能耗、数据包延时、空口资源开销等角度出发,分析了DRX机制对典型移动互联网业务的网络性能影响,并对DRX机制的参数配置提出了优化建议。     

考虑负载均衡和用户体验的垂直切换算法

在超密集异构无线网络中,针对城区交通高峰期,大规模车载终端短时间聚集性移动引起的网络拥塞问题,该文提出一种考虑负载均衡和用户体验(LBUE)的垂直切换算法。首先,引入网络环境感知模型预测网络未来的拥塞程度,并提出一个融合自组织网络的网络架构,缓解网络拥塞。其次,定义业务适应度和负收益因子,并提出一种基于秩和比(RSR)的自适应切换判决算法,为用户筛选出当前环境下满意度最高的目标网络。实验结果表明,该算法能够有效降低终端接入网络的阻塞率和掉话率,实现网络间负载均衡并提升用户体验。     

固定移动融合仍须跨越三大障碍

移动与固定的无缝融合就像是一片乐土。然而在各种终端和网络之间实现业务的无缝融合,不仅需要时间,还需要运营商和设备商付出更多的努力。终端种类繁多,包括固定电话、手机、笔记本和PDA,而网络之间的融合则囊括了各种网络,包括移动通信网、无线个域网(比如蓝牙)、无线广域网、固定网络等。与此同时,移动替代固定的步伐却远远快于融合。那些明显不能融合移动和固定业务的设备,比如手机及SMS、BlackBerries和BREW终端正为人们提供任何地点、任何时间的通信服务。然而,固网运营商可以通过调整,从而从移动业务当中获益。例如,许多移动运…     

The common RRM approach to admission control for converged heterogeneous wireless networks

As the wireless environment becomes ever more populated and complex, individual networks offering single or restricted services will become ever more uncompetitive. Common radio resource management algorithms and strategies are used in heterogeneous or converged wireless networks to integrate multiple physical radio interfaces to support different levels of data rates, mobility, and traffic. Admission control in a common RRM environment is used to select the most appropriate wireless access based on service type, user preference, and network load. This is used to provide a balance between real-time and non-real-time traffic across the available access technologies. The development of common radio resource management strategies requires a suitable platform of coupled access networks and is the motivation behind the development of a converged wireless test platform. The tightly coupled platform supports voice and data call setup and delivery over UMTS and WLAN     

Location-Based Services in Mobile Communication Infrastructures

Location- and context-based services form a new class of services, which supplement existing services in the mobile communication infrastructure. The paper describes shortly an architecture of systems supporting the new class of services; this architecture extends beyond those systems which have initially been introduced by support of centralized data bases (such as web servers) and by federation components providing search and mapping functions which are necessary for the full exploitation of the capabilities of such services. The concept is based on the existence of heterogeneous mobile and radio access networks. The question arises, among others, to what extent such services add to the network load and its performance, in particular the question of scalability. In this paper, an approach is outlined as a basis for future capacity planning and for the support of strategic decision making with respect to infrastructure investments.     

Proactive load balancing with admission control for heterogeneous overlay networks

The next generation wireless networks will be the coexistence of heterogeneous wireless technologies. Balancing the traffic load among different networks can effectively utilize the overall radio resources in the system. In this paper, we propose an efficient load balancing scheme for the heterogeneous overlay systems, which is applied in the call admission control process. If the available network(s) cannot provide enough resource for the request call without degrading the quality‐of‐service (QoS) obtained by the ongoing calls, the system will perform load balancing operations first by initiating vertical handoffs among networks in order to create more rooms for the request call. The load balancing algorithm is to minimize the variance between the network utilizations of the entire system, which can be formulated as a quadratic binary programming problem. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can admit more calls into the system compared with the other three reference schemes and then improve the overall throughput. Meanwhile, the scheme can keep the networks working in effective states and provide a better QoS support for users. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Effect of mobile terminal heterogeneity on call blocking/dropping probability in cooperative heterogeneous cellular networks

It is envisaged that next generation wireless networks (NGWN) will be heterogeneous, consisting of multiple radio access technologies (RATs) coexisting in the same geographical area. In these heterogeneous wireless networks, mobile terminals of different capabilities (heterogeneous terminals) will be used by subscribers to access network services. We investigate the effect of using heterogeneous mobile terminals (e.g. single-mode, dual-mode, triple-mode, etc.) on call blocking and call dropping probabilities in cooperative heterogeneous wireless networks. We develop analytical models for heterogeneous mobile terminals and joint radio resource management in heterogeneous wireless networks. Using a two-class three-RAT heterogeneous wireless network as an example, the effect of using heterogeneous terminals in the network is evaluated. Results show the overall call blocking/dropping probability experienced by subscribers in heterogeneous wireless networks depends on the capabilities of mobile terminals used by the subscribers. In the worst case scenario, when all subscribers use single-mode mobile terminals, each subscriber is confined to a single RAT and consequently, joint radio resource management in heterogeneous wireless network has no improvement on new call blocking and handoff call dropping probabilities. However, in the best case scenario, when all subscribers use three-mode terminals, new class-1 call blocking probability decreases from 0.37 (for 100% single-mode terminals) to 0.05, at the arrival rate of 6 calls per minute. New class-2 call blocking probability also decreases from 0.8 to 0.52. Similarly, handoff class-1 call dropping probability decreases from 0.14 to 0.003, and handoff class-2 call dropping probability decreases from 0.44 to 0.09.     

一种软件定义无线网络负载均衡架构及算法

软件定义网络( SDN)为实现异构无线网络中的负载均衡提供了新的思路。设计了一种软件定义的无线网络负载均衡架构,并提出对应算法。首先,根据接收信号强度构建候选网络列表;其次,根据各候选网络的可用负载比率标准差进行负载差异分级;再次,将服务质量匹配度函数和负载均衡指数线性组合成联合优化函数,并根据负载差异分级对联合优化的权重进行动态调整,合理设置门限进行接纳控制。与传统算法相比,所提算法一方面可使各类业务阻塞率明显降低大约20%,另一方面使不同网络的归一化负载更加接近。该算法在进行网络负载均衡的同时,能够有效降低业务阻塞率,从而有效提升异构无线网络的整体性能。     

Radio Network Aggregation for 5G Mobile Terminals in Heterogeneous Wireless and Mobile Networks

This paper provides a novel design concept for advanced mobile multi interface terminals with radio network aggregation capability and enhanced quality of service (QoS) provisioning for multimedia services (voice, video and data) in heterogeneous wireless and mobile networks. A new module is established which provides the best QoS and lowest cost for any given multimedia service by using simultaneously all available wireless and mobile access networks for a given traffic flow. This novel adaptive QoS module with adaptive QoS routing algorithm is called advanced QoS routing algorithm (AQoSRA), which is defined independently from any existing and future radio access technology. The performance of our proposal is evaluated using simulations and analysis with multi-interface mobile stations with AQoSRA within, carrying multimedia traffic in heterogeneous mobile and wireless environment with coexistence of multiple Radio Access Technologies, such as 3G, 4G as well as future 5G radio access networks. The analysis of the proposed framework for radio networks aggregation in advanced mobile terminals has shown overall better performances regarding the achievable throughput and multimedia access probability in heterogeneous wireless and mobile environment.     

Ambient Networks项目及其关键技术

随着无线通信技术的不断发展，多接入技术、不同运营商和多样化终端共存的局面使得传统的无线通信格局面临困境，异构网络融合成为未来网络发展的必然趋势。欧盟项目Ambient Networks对异构网络融合进行了深入的研究。Ambient Networks提出了Ambient控制平面（ACS）来支持动态的、分布式的、自管理和自维护的异构网络管理；通过多无线接入结构（MRA）充分利用多种接入技术并存带来的优势，为用户提供总是处于最佳连接的服务。     

The Efficiency of Engineering Traffic Across Network Boundaries

With the arrival of wideband packet and circuit-oriented data services, it becomes a challenge to provide efficiently the desired quality of service for speech, packet data, and real-time data on a network. As these diverse networks will coexist, architectural studies on integrated heterogeneous networks suggest that a common radio resource manager be used to coordinate radio resource allocation between diverse network types. Initial studies show that supernets, which engineer traffic across wireless networks, are more efficient than operating separate cellular/wireless networks. Increased sharing occurs in supernets because a larger number of services compete for a larger pool of resources. If sharing can be shown to be efficient in general, then supernets should likewise be more efficient. This study decomposes the two-dimensional Markov chain to prove when sharing is beneficial and when it is not.     

Vertical Handover Solutions Over LTE-Advanced Wireless Networks: An Overview

The convergence of multitude radio access networks forming a cluster of seamless heterogeneous wireless environment has made the wireless communication industry meet the paradigm of always best connected, where various mobile devices are able to access numerous types of applications and services. However, achieving such landmarks could not be possible without difficulties which this paper tries to highlight some of the technical challenges underlying seamless vertical handover. It provides a general overview of the mobility management process including a brief on multi-homing mobility protocol and focuses on vertical handover decision making techniques, hi ghlighting some radio interface standar and analysed some handover approaches. The paper proposes fast intelligent inter-layer network selection as a new handover approach to select the best network among the candidate networks, where Quality of Service, handover delay and improved data bit rates are set to be achieved.     

5G mobile terminals with advanced QoS-based user-centric aggregation (AQUA) for heterogeneous wireless and mobile networks

In this paper we present an advanced QoS provisioning module with vertical multi-homing framework for future fifth generation (5G) mobile terminals with radio network aggregation capability and traffic load sharing in heterogeneous mobile and wireless environments. The proposed 5G mobile terminal framework is leading to high performance utility networks with high QoS provisioning for any given multimedia service, higher bandwidth utilization and multi-RAT capabilities. It is using vertical multi-homing and virtual QoS routing algorithms within the mobile terminal, that is able to handle simultaneously multiple radio network connections via multiple wireless and mobile network interfaces. Our 5G proposal is user-centric, targeted to always-on connectivity, maximal network utilization, maximal throughput, seamless handovers and performances improvement by using vertical multi-homing, as well as session continuity. The performance of our proposed mobile terminal framework for 5G is evaluated using simulations and analysis with multimedia traffic in heterogeneous mobile and wireless scenarios with coexistence of multiple radio access technologies, such as 3G, 4G as well as future 5G radio access networks.