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以市售全合成发动机润滑油为研究对象,通过实车运行10 000 km,研究润滑油使用过程中的性能及组成变化,并探究其衰变特性。研究结果表明:润滑油使用后运动黏度降低23.84%;总酸值和正戊烷不溶物增至3.53 mg/g和0.268%;磨损元素Fe、Al和污染物元素Si的量分别由<1、<1和2μg/g增加至11、 20和20μg/g;润滑油衰变过程中聚α烯烃(PAO)发生分解反应和聚合反应,使其组成分布趋于复杂;衰变过程以分子链断裂的分解反应为主,导致其黏度降低;润滑油发生氧化反应和硝化反应,添加剂被消耗,生成酮类、多环芳烃、胺类、酸类化合物,使润滑油颜色变深、酸值增加;润滑油的分子质量分布发生变化,说明润滑油衰变过程既发生分解反应也发生聚合反应,但以链断裂的分解反应为主。 相似文献
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润滑油基础油的结构组成与其性能如氧化安定性、黏温性能、光稳定性、低温性能等有很大的关联性,研究润滑油基础油的化学组成对控制基础油质量和开发润滑油产品有重要意义。本文介绍了目前分析润滑油基础油化学组成的主要方法,有洗脱色谱法、碳型组成分析法、高效液相色谱法、薄层色谱法、红外光谱法、质谱法、核磁共振或者以上几种方法的联用。 相似文献
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《现代化工》2016,(3)
为研究机组运行中润滑油的性能衰变规律,采用有机元素分析、红外光谱分析、热重分析技术建立了机组运行中润滑油多参数测定方法。获得了润滑油碳氢比、碳硫比、红外光谱特征波长强度比、失重起始温度、失重终止温度、最大失重速率等特征参数。碳氢比显示润滑油基本由CH_2组成;红外光谱分析结果表明,润滑油是以长链烷烃为主,其与黏度数据比对分析发现,波数为2 952.67 cm~(-1)时,红外吸收峰高相对质量分数与黏度呈负相关关系;TG-DTG曲线获得9个特征参数中,Ti和Te是润滑油稳定性的重要参数,润滑油在运行中不仅裂解生成小分子低沸点物质,同时也会聚合生成了一些难以氧化分解的高聚物、胶质等,且W_e与W_f呈良好负相关关系,而Wf与β'呈良好正相关关系。 相似文献
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润滑油使用一段时间后会发生性能的降低或改变,必须适时更换,做到既不浪费,也保证设备的正常运行。就润滑油检验中的八大指标:水分、粘度、倾点、闪点、粘度指数、泡沫性、酸碱值、机械杂质进行详细论述,最后再简单阐述润滑油检验中的两点特殊指标:氧化安定性和热安定性。 相似文献
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Urmilla Baruah Maitrayee Saikia Ishan J. Bora Bitupan Mohan Pranjal P. Dutta Prakash J. Saikia Shashi D. Baruah 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2023,140(4):e53360
Methyl methacrylate (MMA) functionalized polyethylene additives for improving the properties of lubricating oil has been investigated in which poly(MMA-co-ethylene) were synthesized by using three different polymerization techniques such as miniemulsion, post polymerization and reverse atom transfer radical polymerization with 1.0 molL −1 of MMA and 20 bar of ethylene pressure. The copolymers are block in nature with the composition of 1:3 molar ratios of ethylene:MMA which is independent of polymerization techniques used. 1H NMR analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of the copolymers in the lubricating oil. Thermogravimetric analysis reveals that the addition of poly(MMA-co-ethylene) increases thermal stability of the additive doped lubricating oil by approximately 40°C with a single stage decomposition pattern. Flash point measurements show an increasing flash point values for copolymer doped lubricating oil. From rheological study, the viscosity index of base lubricating oil has found significant increases from 102 to 129 with the addition of poly(MMA-co-ethylene) and the higher molecular weight (MW) of this copolymer provides better thickening efficiency. However, copolymer with higher MW seems to be more susceptible to mechanical degradation resulting in lower shear stability whereas copolymer with lower MW acts as a better pour point depressant. 相似文献
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Treatment of a spent lubricating oil by chromatography over activated charcoal, followed by extraction with furfural, improved its characteristics and led to a product which could be used as a blending stock for lubricating oils. l.r. and p.m.r. spectroscopy showed that degradation of the oil during service probably involved the additives and also produced changes in the hydrocarbon skeleton. 相似文献
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J.E. Martín-Alfonso A. Romero C. Valencia J.M. Franco 《Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry》2013,19(2):580-588
This work has been focused on the development of polyolefins/oil blends potentially suitable as lubricating greases by studying the effect that some thermo-mechanical processing variables exert on their rheological properties and microstructure. Polyolefin/oil blends have been prepared by dispersing recycled and virgin polyolefins such as high-density polyethylenes (HDPEs) and polypropylenes (PPs) in mineral lubricating oil. Linear viscoelasticity functions have been significantly influenced by processing conditions. The nature of polymers used, specially the content of HDPE, has been found to modify the microstructure of blends yielding lower mechanical stability but, on the other hand, higher values of linear viscoelastic functions. 相似文献
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《Carbon》2014
The use of graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) additives as lubricants has received considerable interest because of their excellent mechanical and frictional properties. Given their structural differences, both carbon nano-additives are expected to have different synergistic effects at various conditions (from boundary to mixed lubrication). For applications in space, the tribological properties of graphene and MWCNTs additives in diamond-like carbon/ionic liquids hybrid films in different lubricating states at high vacuum were compared. The wear surfaces, transfer films, wear debris, and microstructures of the hybrid films were analyzed via Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that MWCNTs and graphene present the different nano-scale tribological mechanisms and produce different lubricating effect on the hybrid films at different lubricating states. 相似文献
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通过对聚酯装置增容和后接直纺长丝前后熔体齿轮泵工况变化的统计分析,研究其运行不稳定的原因,提出改造措施,包括滑动轴承润滑油槽,齿轮泵的机械密封,降低齿轮泵出口压力,改自动提速为手动提速等等。 相似文献
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为了改善纳米金刚石颗粒(NDPs)在抗磨液压油(AHO)中的分散性,制备了酸氧化?高温热处理的NDPs (T-NDPs),将其与添加剂(油胺、聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺T154和高碱值合成磺酸钙T106)混合后加入AHO中,制得含T-NDPs的AHO。用FESEM及Zeta电位仪、FT-IR和静态沉降法对其分散性进行表征,用四球摩擦磨损试验机、3D激光扫描显微镜和SEM/EDS对含T-NDPs的AHO的摩擦学性能和磨痕区域进行了分析。结果表明,酸氧化?高温热处理后,NDPs的平均粒径从270.2 nm降至153.5 nm,吸附添加剂后的T-NDPs的平均粒径为101.5 nm,添加剂可提高T-NDPs的油溶性并抑制其团聚,因而含T-NDPs的AHO具有良好的分散稳定性;T-NDPs含量为0.04wt%时,AHO的摩擦系数和磨斑直径比不加T-NDPs时分别降低13.2%和17.8%;T-NDPs作为润滑添加剂的减摩抗磨功效归因于其在摩擦界面起到支撑和滚动轴承的作用及在摩擦副表面参与润滑膜形成。 相似文献
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本文基于分形理论,利用图形处理软件对釜式法和超重力法合成的环烷酸钙的TEM照片进行处理,使用网格法对其分形维数进行了计算,并根据计算结果对不同合成条件下生成的环烷酸钙颗粒的形貌特征以及合成工艺进行了分析对比。结果表明:将分形理论应用于添加剂的产品的形态分析及合成工艺中,分形维数不仅被证明可以作为表征颗粒形貌特征及评价添加剂清净性能的重要参数,同时也与添加剂产品的合成工艺密切相关,可以间接作为评价添加剂合成工艺优劣的重要指标,同时从反应动力学和反应器结构两方面出发分析了添加剂颗粒成核的分形特征以及运动变化规律,说明添加剂合成过程不仅与物料的微观混合情况有关,同时也与反应器的组成结构关系密切。 相似文献
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Calcium greases were manufactured from olive-residue oil in a closed reactor by substituting olive-residue oil for animal
tallow. The results of the performance tests applied to the obtained greases showed that their physicochemical and mechanical
characteristics are comparable to those of calcium grease manufactured industrially by using animal tallow. The substitution
of part of the animal tallow with olive-residue oil increased the thermal and mechanical stability of the grease. Olive-residue
oil could constitute, alone or in combination with animal tallow, a raw material in the formulation of lubricating calcium
grease. 相似文献