气液两相流破口泄漏的相分离实验研究

为研究气液两相流体通过破口泄漏时的相分离规律,设计了新型泄漏测量装置,在空气-水两相流实验环道上开展了实验研究.实验测量段水平布置,管径为40mm,采用直径为2.5mm的圆孔模拟破口.实验中出现的气液两相流流型包括波状流、环状流以及弹状流.结果发现气液两相流体通过管壁破口时会发生严重的相分离现象,相分离程度主要受小孔方位、流型等因素的影响.在环状流型下,由于周向液膜分布的不均匀性,随着小孔位置偏离管壁底部,进入小孔的液相逐渐减少,气相逐渐增多;在分层的波状流型下,当破口位于管壁顶部时,在小孔两侧差压较大时由于伯奴利效应,液相也会进入破口;由于弹状流独特的流动特性,在液塞来临时,破口两侧压力急剧增加,从而导致弹状流型下进入管壁破口的液相远大于其它流型.     

起伏振动水平管气液两相流型及转变机理

起伏振动下气液两相流型的准确判定对漂浮核电站参数设计有重要意义。对起伏振动水平管气液两相流型特性进行实验研究,定义了起伏振动新流型并得到了气液相分布变化规律,揭示了管径、振频和振幅对流型转变界限的影响规律,建立了泡状流-间歇流和间歇流/分层流-环状流的转变关系式。结果表明,在起伏振动下水平管内出现泡状流、间歇流、分层流以及环状流四种流型,其中间歇流包括泡-弹间歇和弹-塞间歇两种,且气液相分布随振动位置的变化呈规律性改变。在气相折算速度不变的条件下,管径、振频、振幅增加会使泡状流-间歇流边界向上移动,间歇流-分层流边界向下移动。在液相折算速度一定的条件下,管径、振频、振幅增加会使间歇流/分层流-环状流边界向右移动。考虑了振动的影响,建立适用于低频高幅起伏振动的间歇流向泡状流与环状流转变模型,预测和实验结果的相对误差绝对值的平均值分别为7.62%和12.68%。     

微通道内气液(液液)二相流的实验研究进展

综述了微通道内气液(液液)二相流的流型特征.微通道内气液二相流常见的流型为泡状流、弹状流、环状流和翻腾流;液液二相流常见的流型为液滴流、塞状流、平行流及环状流.分析了不同操作条件对气液(液液)二相流行为的影响.介绍了微通道内气液(液液)二相流流型判别谱图,对常用的弹状流、液滴流和塞状流进行了重点介绍.指出了微通道内气液...     

螺旋管内油-水液液两相流流型

在两种不同放置位置螺旋管内进行了油 -水液液两相流流型的实验研究 ,定义了各种不同流动条件下油-水两相流的流型 ,给出了螺旋管内液液两相流的流型图 .进而讨论了各流型之间转变的机理 ,并考察了螺旋管结构尺寸及放置方式对油水两相流流型及相转变特性的影响 .     

台阶式并行微通道内液液两相流流型及其转变机理

利用高速摄像仪研究了台阶式并行微通道内液液两相流流型及其转变机理。以甘油水为分散相、含3% Span 85的环己烷为连续相,观测到了滴状-滴状流、过渡-滴状流、喷射-过渡流和喷射-喷射流4种流型;以两相流量为坐标轴绘制了流型图,并获得了流型转变线;分析了流型的转变机理。考察了分散相黏度对流型及其转变的影响机制。随着分散相黏度的增大,流型转变线整体向下移动,滴状-滴状流区域变小,喷射-喷射流区域变大。最后,运用介尺度概念分析了并行微通道内液液两相流非均匀结构的动态效应。     

基于流场-电场耦合的典型流型条件下双环形电极响应特性仿真研究

针对管道内气液两相流动过程中出现的不同流型,建立了耦合两相流流场与双环形电极电场的仿真模型,模拟了分层流、波浪流、段塞流、泡状流和环状流5种典型流型,获得了典型流型条件下双环形电极间轴向电流密度空间分布特性和混合电导率动态变化特性,结合理论模型和仿真数据讨论了气液两相混合电导率与液相含率之间的定量关系。研究结果表明:双环形电极之间轴向电流密度的空间分布能够刻画气液两相流的流型特征;当利用无量纲电导率计算平均液相含率时,BegovichWatson模型适用于分层流、波浪流和环状流,而Maxwell模型适用于泡状流。     

利用一维波和段塞稳定性模型预测分层流向段塞流的转变

利用气液二相流一维波模型和段塞稳定性模型,对直径2.54 cm水平管内空气-水二相流出现段塞流时的各相临界表观速度和临界液层高度进行了理论预测。计算中发现,2种模型分别适用于不同的流速区域,在较低的气相流速下,一维波模型的预测结果比较理想,但是在较高的气速条件下不太适合,而利用段塞稳定性模型可以较好地获得高流速下分层流向段塞流的流型转变条件。因此,结合这2种模型对发生流型转变时的临界参数作了分析,并且应用于40 mm和50 mm水平管道的油气二相流实验。将理论计算的结果和实验测得的流型数据进行了对比,并且对影响流型的管径、流速等因素作了分析,结果表明计算得到的特征参数和实验数据比较吻合。     

水平气液两相流流型空间图像信息复杂性测度分析

为了考察从图像灰度序列提取的复杂性测度与气液两相流流型变化之间的关系,本文首先从高速摄影系统拍摄的60种流动工况下水平管内气液两相流流型图像中提取了三种复杂性测度（Lempel-Ziv复杂度,分形盒维数,Shannon信息熵）,在此基础上研究了不同表观气速下三种复杂性测度的混沌动力学特性,以及对气液两相流流型的表征能力。实验结果表明：三种复杂性测度均能敏感地指示出流型的变化;通过对三种复杂度随两相流流动参数变化规律分析,可以得到气液两相流动力学结构反演特征, 为揭示气液两相流流型转化机理和定量识别流型提供了一种有效的辅助诊断工具。     

苏里格气田站厂管道腐蚀预测及对策研究

开展了苏里格气田站厂多相流模型研究，分别采用OLGA和Fluent软件对长庆油田苏里格气田某集气站和天然气处理厂易失效的典型管线，开展了气液两相流流态研究，揭示了不同运行条件下的气液两相流流态、流型及其转变规律，开展了CO₂腐蚀和冲刷腐蚀速率模拟计算，进行了多相流管道流流型综合腐蚀速率预测，并开展了管道内腐蚀失效风险评估，明确了管道失效高风险点。基于管道腐蚀速率预测结果和管道失效高风险点分析，提出了有效预防管道失效的技术对策。     

喷射器内气-液两相流流型及其转换特性的研究

利用平面激光诱导荧光(Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence,PLIF)技术,分析上喷式喷射器内气液两相流的流型及流型转换的特性.结果表明,在喷射器内气液两相首先形成喷射流,随着两相相互作用和动量传递,射流瓦解,气液两相随着气液比的不断增大分别形成泡状流、雾状流和块状流.根据实验结果绘制了喷射器上部射流瓦解后的气液两相流流型图.通过分析流型影响因素和流体力学特点,提出了流型转换的无因次关系式,并确定了各流型转换的具体表达式.     

利用途泄流量和输转流量确定天然气分配管道计算流量的研究

在城市天然气管道的输送中,管道建筑用户相连,中途有流量分出,从途泄流量和输转流量的角度研究,利用计算公式来计算管段的计算流量,确定其压力降,并进行了举例说明,为输气管道的设计工作提供了参考。     

Numerical modeling of three-phase stratified flow in pipes

The simultaneous flow of water, oil and gas is of practical importance for the oil and gas industry. These three phases are present in varying degrees of concentration in many oil and gas pipelines. In this work, a model has been developed to predict the values of the hold-up and pressure gradient for three-phase stratified flow prevailing in a horizontal pipeline. This information is usually the first step for analyzing the stability of stratified flow and developing transition criteria. The concept of extended velocity has been applied to compute the wall shear stresses in three-phase flow. The effect of process variables such as gas to liquid ratio, pipe diameter, oil viscosity and non-Newtonian character of oil on hold-up and pressure gradient has been studied to simulate the oil well conditions. Structural stability analysis was also carried out to check for the sensitivity of the model.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF DRYING IN A CYCLONE

ABSTRACT

This work presents a complete improved mathematical model of drying in cyclone. The slip condition of the particles on the wall, the heat transfer wall-panicle and the shrinkage of the panicles during the drying process were considered. The mathematical model considers a two-dimensional turbulent gas-particle flow where the panicle phase is treated as a continuum. The momentum equations of both particle and gas phases were written in cylindrical coordinates. The discretized equations were solved by the SIMPLE algorithm. Considering the slip condition to the panicle phase and the shrinkage of the material during the drying process it was revealed a better fitness between numerical and experimental results than the previous model.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF DRYING IN A CYCLONE

This work presents a complete improved mathematical model of drying in cyclone. The slip condition of the particles on the wall, the heat transfer wall-panicle and the shrinkage of the panicles during the drying process were considered. The mathematical model considers a two-dimensional turbulent gas-particle flow where the panicle phase is treated as a continuum. The momentum equations of both particle and gas phases were written in cylindrical coordinates. The discretized equations were solved by the SIMPLE algorithm. Considering the slip condition to the panicle phase and the shrinkage of the material during the drying process it was revealed a better fitness between numerical and experimental results than the previous model.     

Flow characteristics of blade unit of a tridimensional rotational flow sieve tray under concurrent gas–liquid flow

The flow characteristics of the blade unit of a tridimensional rotational flow sieve tray were investigated. First, the flow patterns are defined under different liquid arrangement methods. They are bilateral film flow, continuous perforated flow, and dispersion-mixing flow in overflow distribution, film and jet flow and jet and mixed flow in spray distribution. Second, the time and frequency domain analysis of the differential pressure pulsation signal in the blade unit is carried out, the main frequencies range is 2.0−5.5 Hz. The influence of perforation and mixing intensity on the flow pattern transition is clarified. Third, the rotational flow ratio of the gas–liquid phase is measured, the gas phase rotational flow range is 0.55–0.78, and the liquid phase range is 0.15–0.42. The influence of the operating conditions on the distribution of the rotational and perforated flow is investigated. Finally, a prediction model for the rotational flow ratio is proposed.     

Transitional packed bed flow in standpipes

A quantitative criterion distinguishing stable from unstable transitional packed bed flow in standpipes is presented. This criterion can be used as an working guideline in actual standpipe operation. A fundamental and simple model based on stress free surface (SFS) theory has been developed. This model also provides a quantitative prediction method for the standpipe voidage.     

高粘假塑性流体流动沸腾流型

<正>在流动沸腾传热两相流研究中,流型研究一直是众多研究者的兴趣所在。目前有关流型研究的报道均为低粘物系,但高粘流体两相流流型研究,对高聚物生产、食品、轻工等工业有重要应用价值。 浅尾芳久等在透明玻璃管中研究了流动沸腾的流型,表明Mishima等提出的流型划分判据可以较好地区分泡状流、弹状流、环状流。Kamiel等分析比较了大量低粘物系两相流实验数据和几种流型判别式,表明Weisman等提出的判别式可以较好地区分弹状流与环状流。     

水平管内油水两相流流型转换特性

以高黏度的油和水为工质,在内径为25.7 mm,长52 m的水平不锈钢油水两相流实验环道内对油水两相流流型及其转换特性进行了实验研究.根据实验结果定义了不同流动条件下出现的流型,绘制了流型图.对影响油水两相管流流型转换的各种因素进行了综合分析,利用量纲分析的方法得出了流型转换的准则关系式,并提出了一个较为准确的有关油水两相管流中反相临界含水率的计算相关式.     

气液两相流流量测量方法的研究进展

总结气液两相流流量测量方法的研究进展。介绍节流法、直接法、速度法和分离法的测量原理,并指出对两相流的物性进行全面、详细的实验研究和理论计算将是后续研究工作的重点。