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化工装置中钢在湿硫化氢环境下的腐蚀机理与设备选材(中) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在化学装置中钢处于湿的硫化氢环境中出现几种不同的腐蚀及发生腐蚀机理,目前常用的几种钢材在湿硫化氢环境下的试验评定方法及用材探讨。 相似文献
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化工装置中钢在湿硫化氢环境下的腐蚀机理与设备选材(上) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在化学装置中钢处于湿的硫化氢环境中出现几种不同的腐蚀及发生腐蚀机理 ,目前常用的几种钢材在湿硫化氢环境下的试验评定方法及用材探讨 相似文献
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冷高压分离器在H2S环境下应力腐蚀开裂敏感性评估 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
针对制造过程中由于开孔失误而进行补焊的冷高压分离器在高压、高浓度的H2S环境的使用安全问题,采用了电化学充氢、恒应变和慢拉伸的实验方法,研究了制造冷高压分离器的主体材料16Mn(HIC)钢和普通的16Mn钢及其焊缝的氢扩散系数,在不同H2S浓度、pH值,模拟冷高压分离器操作环境溶液和实际溶液中的腐蚀规律和硫化氢应力腐蚀开裂(SSCC)敏感性,结合实际腐蚀环境的检测和分析结果,对补焊后的冷高压分离器的使用安全给出了综合评估. 相似文献
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介绍了硫化氢腐蚀机理;着重分析了林德低温甲醇洗工艺中的甲醇洗涤塔等主要设备的硫化氢腐蚀特性;探讨了应对硫化氢腐蚀的设备选材策略;提出了控制硫化氢腐蚀的工艺操作方案。 相似文献
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随着我国压力容器的大型化和高温高压化,压力容器的安全事故越来越多,而应力腐蚀断裂是一个主要的原因,已占到事故总数的42%,是一种危害性很大的灾害性腐蚀。本文从应力腐蚀开裂的概念入手,分析了应力腐蚀的特点,并在设计、制造及使用等几个重点环节提出了具体的应对措施,具有积极的意义。 相似文献
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化工装置中钢在湿硫化氢环境下的腐蚀机理与设备选材(下) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在化学装置中钢处于湿的硫化氢环境中出现几种不同的腐蚀及发生腐蚀机理,目前常用的几种钢材在湿硫化氢环境下的试验评定方法及用材探讨。 相似文献
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柴油加氢装置的腐蚀与防护 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在高温下的氢和硫化氢以及在低温下的硫化氢和硫化铵、氯化铵是造成柴油加氢装置腐蚀的主要原因。针对装置腐蚀的特点,采用耐腐蚀不绣钢或者加注缓蚀剂以及水洗等工艺措施可使腐蚀得到抑制。 相似文献
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利用U形弯试样浸泡实验和电化学技术研究了16Mn钢及其模拟热影响区在不同硫化物浓度的碱性(pH=11.7)介质中的应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)行为与机理。结果表明:16Mn钢原始组织、粗晶组织(空冷组织)和硬化组织(淬火组织)在碱性硫化物环境中均能形成保护性腐蚀产物膜、导致电极过程近似呈钝化状态,钝化电流密度依次降低;淬火组织析氢电流密度较高,腐蚀速度较低,长期服役后会造成靠近熔合线部分腐蚀深度大而暴露出残余拉应力区,引起SCC;HAZ中硬化组织、粗晶组织和原始组织在碱性硫化物环境下SCC敏感性逐渐降低,硬化组织具有较明显的SCC敏感性,粗晶组织和原始组织SCC敏感性小;硫化物浓度升高,16Mn钢及其模拟热影响区SCC敏感性增加;16Mn钢焊缝区在碱性硫化物环境中SCC裂纹扩展机制为阳极溶解机制。 相似文献
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The effects of hydrogen-charging on anodic dissolution of pipe steel under near-neutral pH condition were studied by electrochemical techniques. Hydrogen-charging enhances the anodic dissolution rate of the steel. The hydrogen-enhanced dissolution increases with increasing charging current density. The hydrogen effect is attributed to the alteration of chemical potential and exchange current density of steel. Hydrogen-charging affects the corrosion process of the steel. In particular, at a high charging current density, a layer of corrosion product forms on the electrode surface to change corrosion potential and interfacial double-charge layer capacitance as well as charge-transfer resistance. The hydrogen effect factor for enhanced anodic dissolution of steel at an anodic potential of −0.4 V (SCE) is 1.53 only. Hydrogen-enhanced anodic dissolution of steel by itself may not be the major factor contributing to the high rate of crack growth in pipe steel in near-neutral pH electrolyte. A further investigation of the synergistic effect of hydrogen and stress on dissolution at the crack-tip is essential to determine the mechanism of near-neutral pH stress corrosion cracking of pipelines. 相似文献
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阐述并分析了湿硫化氢环境下的球罐腐蚀状况,对球罐腐蚀机理及状况原因进行了详细的分析,以及对湿硫化氢腐蚀的影响因素,简述了一些加氢处理装置中湿硫化氢腐蚀的具体状况。结合实际工况,分析了其失效原因中发生应力腐蚀开裂或氢鼓包的具体原因,提出了改进措施及使用中的注意事项。 相似文献
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Y.F. Cheng 《Electrochimica acta》2007,52(7):2661-2667
In this work, electrochemical techniques were utilized to investigate the hydrogen evolution reaction on X-70 pipe steel and the hydrogen permeation through the steel in near-neutral pH environmental condition. The results demonstrate that the steel has always been in an active-dissolution state in near-neutral pH solution and there is no film formed on the steel surface. Hydrogen evolution is inhibited by anodic polarization of the steel, which is attributed to the alternation of hydrogen evolution mechanism and kinetics on the anodially polarized steel. Combined with slow strain rate tensile tests, it is found that the high susceptibility of steel to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is always associated with a high hydrogen permeation current. A thermodynamic model was developed, by analyzing the change in free-energy of the steel in the presence and absence of hydrogen and stress, to determine the interactions of hydrogen, stress and anodic dissolution at the crack-tip. The role of hydrogen involvement in pipeline near-neutral pH SCC could be determined quantitatively by characterizing the effect of hydrogen concentration on the dissolution rate of steel and the synergism of hydrogen and stress to promote crack growth. 相似文献