液位控制的模糊内模PID控制器设计

本文介绍了液位过程模糊内模PID控制器的设计.利用机理分析和实验辨识相结合的方法建立了被控过程的数学模型,并依据内模控制原理设计了一种PID控制器,该控制器结构简单,只有一个可调参数.为了克服了内模控制器参数整定要在系统标称性能和鲁棒性之间进行折衷选择的局限性,利用模糊逻辑实现了控制器参数的在线自动整定.实验结果表明,模糊内模PID控制器能有效地改善系统的性能.     

基于STC单片机的太阳能光伏控制器设计与实现

为了提高太阳能光伏控制器的性价比,设计了运用STC单片机的太阳能光伏控制器.本控制器具有效率高、可靠性高、运行稳定、性价比高、适宜批量生产的特点.控制器实现了基于单片机STC12LE5402AD的工作状态控制和蓄电池能量管理,满足了太阳能光伏控制器在不同工作状态下的稳定运行与准确切换的要求.蓄电池充放电精确控制也在此控制器中得到实现.实验结果表明,应用此控制器的太阳能光伏系统效率高、运行稳定,蓄电池寿命也可延长.     

四旋翼无人直升机鲁棒飞行控制

讨论了四旋翼无人直升机的飞行控制问题,提出了一种鲁棒控制器设计方法.该控制器由内环姿态控制器和外环位置控制器两部分组成,姿态控制器采用基于信号补偿的鲁棒控制方法,位置控制器由经典的PD控制实现.将该控制器用于实验室自主研制的四旋翼无人直升机系统,实现了室内悬停飞行.实验结果验证了该控制方法的有效性.     

基于SOPC的CANopen节点的设计

针对现有的CANopen网络的实现方法,提出了一种基于SOPC技术的CANopen节点的设计方案.应用IP核复用技术将CAN控制器IP核、主控制器C8051IP核、程序RAM与数据ROMIP核集成在一块FPGA实现底层的CAN控制器SOPC系统.以嵌入式软件方式实现应用层协议CANopen并加载至主控制器中,从而构建了一个CANopen节点.实验测试表明,该CANopen节点通讯符合协议标准,并且性能良好.     

倒立摆的一种模糊控制方法

提出一种模糊控制方案,实现对倒立摆系统的平衡控制.针对倒立摆系统多变量的特性,采用双模糊控制器方案,分别对摆杆倾角和小车位移设计模糊控制器,大大降低了设计难度;为了实现对摆角和位移双重控制的功能,采用两个控制器轮流控制的策略,当摆角偏差或角速度值较大时,摆角控制器起作用,保持摆杆的垂直,反之,位移控制器起作用,调整小车位置不越界.在实际的物理设备上进行了实时控制实验,实验结果验证了方案的正确性和有效性.     

四轮驱动电动汽车稳定性预测控制器快速实现

为解决四轮驱动电动汽车在高速情况下易发生甩尾失控的安全性问题,针对整车和执行器间的动力学耦合、控制系统非线性、多变量、实时性等问题,本文采用集中式的控制策略,设计了一种车辆横摆稳定的快速非线性预测控制器,实现了整车横摆稳定和电机转矩分配的一体化控制.为了控制系统的实时实现,将非线性规划问题转化为代数方程组求解,通过解耦预测时域间方程组的耦合关系,实现时域间优化问题的并行求解,提高了控制器的计算速度.最后给出了控制器的硬件并行加速实验,完成了控制系统的硬件在环实验,实现了车辆横摆稳定系统的实时控制.实验结果表明该控制器不仅具有良好的控制性能,而且明显提升了系统实时性.     

群体机器人同步问题的分布式协同控制及优化

主要研究群体机器人系统协同适应性,通过局部信息交互下的分布式控制实现群体对复杂环境的适应.以同步现象为研究对象,结合虚拟力、最近邻居原则以及环境因素,提出了一种可以解释该现象的分布式控制器.并证明该控制器能够使所有的群体成员在误差允许的范围内收敛到一个共同速度,其优点是仅需要局部信息就能够实现稳定的群体行为.此外,在上述分布式控制器设计的基础上进行了参数优化,利用粒子群优化算法实现能量消耗最少的目标.通过仿真实验验证了控制器及算法的可行性和有效性.     

球形移动机器人基于神经网络的反馈线性化运动控制研究与实验

实现了一种对球形移动机器人的滚动速度进行控制的方法.球形移动机器人的控制输入和状态输出间存在难以精确数学描述的非线性关系,本文采用径向基函数神经网络,以在线训练的方式建立了球形机器人输入与输出的非线性映射;然后采用反馈线性化方法,设计了球形机器人的速度控制器,该控制器由反馈线性化控制器和减小神经网络逼近误差的补偿控制器构成;给出了该控制器的实现步骤.多次实验结果表明,该方法可以实现球形移动机器人稳定的速度控制.     

基于Avalon总线的多通道PWM控制器的实现

设计了一种可应用于片上可编程系统的多通道数字PWM控制器.该控制器基于Avalon片内总线技术,符合该总线的读写传输时序,具有完备的PWM输出能力.控制器用原理图输入与Verilog HDL语言混合设计的方法在Cyclone II系列的EP2C5F256C6现场可编程控制器上实现.实验表明,这种PWM控制器具有很高的可重用性,更易于调试和实现多通道控制,并可应用于任何支持Avalon片内总线的片上可编程系统上.     

基于DSP的相机控制器CAN总线通信系统

为了满足空间相机控制器控制接口多、处理速度高的要求,实现空间相机控制器与上位机安全可靠地通信,介绍了一种DSP+FPGA结构的相机控制器设计方法,并采用了CAN总线与上位机通信.详细介绍了相机控制器的CAN总线通信系统的实现方法.最后采用了USB总线与计算机通信,完成系统的地面测试任务.实验表明,系统通信速率可达500kbps.误码率低,无丢失帧现象,满足相机控制器实时性与可靠性的要求.     

机载SAR天线稳定平台的DSP数字控制器设计

机载SAR(airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar,合成孔径雷达)中,用三轴稳定平台隔离载机的姿态变化及机械振动来稳定天线波束指向是关键的运动补偿技术之一。本文提出用TMS320LF2407DSP芯片设计机载SAR三轴陀螺稳定平台的数字控制器,介绍了机载SAR对稳定平台的要求和TMS329LF2407DSP芯片用于运动控制器设计的优点,给出了控制系统的原理方框图、数学模型和DSP数字控制器结构图。     

基于嵌入式运动控制器系统的设计与开发

本文综合运用嵌入式系统技术和运动控制技术,采用X86架构的PC104作为核心中央处理器的方案,详细介绍了嵌入式运动控制器的硬件设计,及如何使用WindowsCEPlatformBuilder开发平台,进行裁减和定制嵌入式运动控制器的Win-dowsCE操作系统平台,进行软件设计。     

变截面纵剪机组中的运动控制应用

为实现变截面纵剪机组的高精度控制,本文设计了采用NI运动控制器的剪刀盘控制系统,即以PXI控制器为硬件平台,以运动控制器为核心控制部件,利用多功能采集卡采集传感器信号,在软件平台LabVIEW上实现了对剪刀盘的运动控制。实验结果表明:该运动控制系统运行稳定,抗干扰能力强,对控制策略适应性强,具有易扩展、易维护等特点,适合广泛应用在运动控制领域中。     

A Compact/Open Network-Based Controller Incorporating Modular Software Architecture for a Humanoid Robot

This paper presents the design of a compact/open network-based controller incorporating modular software architecture for various kinds of robot applications. Within the proposed controller scheme, a standardized real-time network like CAN connects the central motion control part and the servo control part. Thus, the size of the servo controller becomes small enough to be attached inside the robot body and the control software can be designed with an open and modular concept. The open/compact controller incorporating a modular software architecture offers benefits of reduced engineering costs. The proposed architecture has been implemented on a KIST humanoid robot controller platform and its performance has been verified through experimental tests.     

Indirect disturbance compensation control of a planar parallel (2-PRP and 1-PPR) robotic manipulator

This study addresses the dynamic modelling and indirect disturbance compensation control of planar parallel robotic motion platform with three degrees of freedom (3-DOF) in the presence of parameter uncertainties and external disturbances. The proposed planar parallel motion platform is a singularity free manipulator and has three manipulator legs located on the same plane linked with a moving platform. Of the three aforementioned manipulator legs, two legs have a prismatic–revolute–prismatic (PRP) joint configuration each with only one prismatic joint deliberated to be active, and the other leg consists of prismatic–revolute–prismatic (PPR) joint configuration with one active prismatic joint. The closed form kinematic solution (both forward and reverse kinematics) for the platform has been obtained in completion. In addition, the dynamic model for the platform has been communicated using the energy based Euler–Lagrangian formulation method. The proposed controller is based on a computer torque control with disturbance compensation integrated with it. Disturbance vectors comprising disturbances due to parameter variations, payload variations, frictional effects and other additional effects have been estimated using an extended Kalman filter (EKF). The EKF proposed for this specific platform uses only position and orientation measurements for estimation and noise mitigation. Simulations with a characteristic trajectory are presented and the results have been paralleled with traditional controllers such as the proportional integral derivative (PID) controller and computed torque controller (CTC). The results demonstrate satisfactory tracking performance for the proposed controller in the presence of parameter uncertainties and external disturbances.     

RTEX网络型嵌入式运动控制器设计

针对松下A5N驱动器,采用嵌入式构架以及网络通信模式,提出了基于模块化控制核心(ARM+FPGA)适应新型实时性网络通信RTEX的多轴嵌入式运动控制器硬件平台的设计方案,并移入实时多任务操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ。详述了控制器的功能设计、硬件设计和软件设计流程。截至目前,运动控制器硬件平台搭建均已完成,并进行了通信实验和基于SCARA机器人平台的速度、位置控制实验。结果表明,控制器通信良好,性能稳定,能够较好完成伺服控制功能。     

无人移动平台运动控制系统的设计

为实现地面无人移动平台的准确运动,设计其运动控制系统。选用履带式平台,分析并建立平台运动学模型,搭建H桥模块驱动平台电机,设计电流检测模块和速度检测模块,将电机运行状态反馈给控制器。设计数字PI控制器,形成速度一电流双闭环控制,结合差速反馈控制器,提高运动控制精度。实验结果表明了该运动控制系统的可靠性。     

全自动化学发光免疫分析仪取样平台运动控制器设计

本文设计了全自动化学发光免疫分析仪取样平台的运动控制器。单轴控制器采用速度内环、位置外环的双闭环结构。其中位置控制环采用模糊控制,并进行前馈补偿,构成复合控制。同时考虑两轴联动的动态配合,设计了变增益交叉耦合控制器,补偿轮廓误差。实验结果表明,采用此控制策略不仅有效的提高了系统的单轴跟踪性能,而且轮廓误差明显降低。     

Path planning of humanoids based on artificial potential field method in unknown environments

In this paper, an artificial potential field based navigational controller has been developed for motion planning of humanoid robots. Here, NAO robots are used as the humanoid platform using the underlying principles of potential field based method. The movement of the robot is considered to be under a negative gradient scheme by the combined effect of attractive and repulsive forces generated due to target and obstacles, respectively. The working of the controller is tested in a V‐REP simulation platform, and the simulation results are validated through a real‐time experimental set‐up developed under laboratory conditions. Here, the navigation of both single and multiple humanoids has been attempted. For avoiding intercollision among multiple humanoids during their navigation in a common platform, a Petri‐Net control scheme has been proposed. The results obtained from both the simulation and experimental platforms are compared against each other with a good agreement between them having minimal percentage of deviations. Finally, the proposed controller is also evaluated against another existing navigational model, and a significant performance improvement has been observed.     

A Behavioral Adaptive Fuzzy controller of multi robots in a cluster space

Cooperation between autonomous robot vehicles holds several promising advantages like robustness, adaptability, configurability, and scalability. Coordination between the different robots and the individual relative motion represent both the main challenges especially when dealing with formation control and maintenance. Cluster space control provides a simple concept for controlling multi-agent formation. In the classical approach, formation control is the unique task for the multi-agent system. In this paper, the development and application of a novel Behavioral Adaptive Fuzzy-based Cluster Space Control (BAFC) to non-holonomic robots is presented. By applying a fuzzy priority control approach, BAFC deals with two conflicting tasks: formation maintenance and target following. Using priority rules, the fuzzy approach is used to adapt the controller and therefore the behavior of the system, taking into accounts the errors in the formation states and the target following states. The control approach is easy to implement and has been implemented in this paper using SIMULINK real-time platform. The communication between the different agents and the controller is established through Wi-Fi link. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrate the behavioral response where the robot performs the higher priority tasks first. This new approach shows a great performance with a lower control signal when benchmarked with previously known results in the literature.