高温与强气流条件下渗硅TiAl基合金表面抗氧化性能分析

采用固体粉末包埋法在TiAl基合金表面渗硅，着重研究了渗硅层在高温强气流冲击条件下的抗循环氧化性能，用XRD及SEM／EDS分析了渗硅层氧化后的成分结构和形貌。结果表明，渗硅后形成以Tissi3、Al2O3和TiSi2、Si为主的复合渗层，在高温强气流冲击条件下，表面生成以SiO2为主的氧化层并与Al2O3层紧密结合。900℃循环氧化时间小于160h时，渗硅层在强气流冲击下的抗氧化性与静态空气中基本相同；氧化时间超过160h后增重略高于静态空气氧化。TiAl基合金渗硅后表现出良好的抗高温强气流循环氧化性能。     

表面渗硅处理提高钛铝基合金高温抗氧化性

使用Al-Si合金熔体对钛铝基合金进行表面渗硅处理，在表层发生了不同程度的界面反应，生成成分比较不同的以Si,Ti,Al三元互为主的物相，表面渗硅处理可明显增强钛铝基合金的高温抗氧化性，使1173K，100h的恒温氧化后，表面涂层氧化生成致密的Si-Ti-Al-O复杂氧化物，而且表面涂层与TiAl基体之间还发生了一定程度的界面反应，生成Ti-Si及TiAl2化合物。对于1053K渗硅处理的试样，在恒温氧化过程中，表面Si-Ti-Al化合物的局部区域已经转化成为更加稳定的Ti-Si化合物。     

SiO2涂层对TiAl基合金抗高温氧化性能的影响

采用SiO2溶胶-凝胶-旋涂法对TiAl基合金表面进行涂膜。900℃循环氧化测试结果表明,TiAl基合金经SiO2溶胶两次涂膜并热处理后,其抗高温氧化性能得到了显著提高,未涂膜试样氧化一个循环（8h）后增重2.333mg/cm^2,涂膜热处理试样氧化40个循环（320h）增重仅为0.6071mg/cm^2。XRD和SEM对试样表层的组织结构分析及形貌观察表明,涂层主要由SiO2、Al2O3、Ti5Si3、TiSi2和Ti2Al构成,由表及里分别为SiO2层-Al2O3层-Al2O3＋钛硅化合物层-Ti2Al层-TiAl片层组织基体。     

渗硅TiAl基合金的氧化动力学

改善TiAl基合金的高温抗氧化性能可更大限度地发挥其性能优势,固体渗硅是一种工艺简便且行之有效的方法,深入了解渗硅TiAl基合金的氧化动力学对保证其安全应用以及进一步的理论和实验研究具有重要意义。对经不同温度、时间固体渗硅处理的TiAl基合金在90 0℃下长期循环氧化过程中的动力学研究表明,其氧化过程通常包含三个阶段,即抛物线、线性和二次氧化阶段。提高渗硅温度有利于提高抗氧化性能。其中,经1 2 5 0℃渗硅2h的试样表现出优异抗高温氧化性能,在所测试的1 0 0 0h以内的整个循环氧化过程中仅出现抛物线氧化阶段,经90 0℃氧化1 0 0 0h后,增重小于0 . 3mg·cm- 2 ,相应的抛物线型氧化速率常数,Kp≈6 . 0 3×1 0 - 5mg2 (cm4 ·h) ,优异的抗氧化性能与其表层形成致密的Al2 O3层和相对稳定的Ti5Si3层有关。     

Ti3SiC2表面渗硅涂层的抗高温氧化性能

采用固体粉末包埋法在Ti3 SiC2 陶瓷上渗硅 ,研究了渗硅涂层的抗高温氧化性能 ,用XRD及SEM /EDS分析了渗硅涂层及其氧化后产物的成分、结构和形貌等。结果表明 :渗硅层主要由TiSi2 和SiC组成 ,在空气中氧化时形成了SiO2 和TiO2 的混合氧化物膜。渗硅样品在 110 0℃和 12 0 0℃下的恒温氧化速率比Ti3 SiC2 降低了 2～3个数量级 ,110 0℃下抗循环氧化性能也优于Ti3 SiC2 。但由于渗硅层中存在裂纹 ,循环过程中当裂纹贯穿整个渗硅层时 ,涂层的氧化速度开始增加 ,其保护作用逐步退化。在 110 0℃下空气中循环氧化时 ,经 40 0次循环后涂层已基本失效。     

液相渗Si提高TiAl基合金的高温抗氧化性

使用液相Al—Si合金对TiAl基合金进行表面渗Si处理，可明显增强TiAl基合金的高温抗氧化性．经1273K，100h的恒温氧化后，不同的表面涂层使合金在40—100h之间的氧化速率降低了2个数量级，恒温氧化100h后的最终氧化皮脱落量也减少3个数量级．液相渗Si使TiAl基合金表面高温抗氧化性能得到大幅度改善，其根本原因是Si与TiAl中的元素Ti结合，降低了Ti的活度，相对增强了涂层中元素Al的活度，而且涂层中Al的绝对含量也得到明显提高，这些均抑制了高温氧化过程中TiO2的生成，涂层最外层形成了致密的Al2O3氧化膜．     

液相Al-Si共渗提高Ti3Al基合金高温抗氧化性

使用Al-8Si（mass %）合金熔体对Ti3Al基合金表面进行液相Al-Si共渗硅处理，在表层发生了不同程度的界面反应，经X射线能谱分析和对涂层的X射线衍射分析，推断涂层由TiAl3及Ti-Si化合物组成.经1 013 K/6 min+983 K/10 min的二次改性处理，可明显改善Ti3Al基合金的高温抗氧化性.1173 K/100 h氧化后的涂层组织，分析表明，涂层改善基体抗高温氧化性的根本原因是在最外层生成了一薄层致密的Al2O3膜.相关机理还有待更深一步研究.     

Y2O3改性渗铝工艺及渗层抗高温氧化性研究

采用在20钢上复合电镀Ni-Y2O3层后再扩散渗铝的方法，得到了Y2O3改性的渗Al复合层，并对渗层氧化性能进行了试验研究。SEM及EDXA观察结果表明，经Y2O3改性的渗层，Y2O3颗粒均匀分布于渗层中，且表面铝含量达到30．65％。不连续氧化和循环氧化试验的结果表明，其抗高温氧化性能明显提高，分别为纯铝渗层的2．5倍和3倍。     

纯镍渗硼硅处理工艺及组织性能研究

采用粒状渗剂分别在渗硼硅温度为850、900、950℃,保温时间为2、8 h的工艺参数下对纯镍表面进行固体渗硼硅处理。用光学显微镜(OM)对渗层横断面进行了显微组织观察,用显微硬度计测试渗层的硬度分布,用M200型磨损试验机研究未渗硼硅和渗硼硅纯镍的耐磨性,采用循环氧化试验研究未渗硼硅和渗硼硅纯镍的抗高温氧化性。结果表明,纯镍渗硼硅后,渗层为硅化物层和硼化物层,且硅化物和硼化物的显微硬度都大于基体硬度,渗层厚度随着渗硼硅时间和温度的增加而增加,其范围约为36~237?m,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析出渗层为硼化物层(Ni2B)和硅化物层(Ni3Si、Ni5Si2和Ni2Si)。磨损试验结果表明渗硼硅后试样的耐磨性得到提高。抗高温氧化试验结果显示未渗硼硅纯镍试样抗高温氧化性优于渗硼硅后纯镍试样。     

铝硅复合对Fe32Mn7Cr3Al2Si钢氧化改性层耐蚀性的影响

利用XRD、EPMA、阳极极化和电化学阻抗技术研究了铝硅复合合金化对Fe32Mn7Cr3Al2Si钢高温氧化诱发转变层的组织、成分及电化学腐蚀性能影响.在700和800℃空气中对Fe32Mn7Cr3Al2Si奥氏体钢进行循环氧化表面改性,形成的氧化层由内层Al2O3、中间层Mn2SiO4,外层Mn2O3组成.经800℃...     

FORMATION OF SILICONIZED LAYER ON TiAI-BASED ALLOY AND THE OXIDATION RESISTANCE

The Ti-48Al alloy was pack siliconized with 15%Si+85%Al2O3. The microstructure of the siliconized coating on the TiAl-based alloy was analyzed and its effect on oxidation resistance was investigated. The specimens before and after cycle oxidation were examined by XRD and SEM equipped with XEDS. The results showed that the coating is composed of a thin Al2O3 outer layer and a composite inner layer of Ti5Si3 with an appropriate amount of Al2O3 dispersed in. Cycle oxidation tests showed that the high temperature oxidation resistance of TiAl-based alloy was greatly improved by forming such composite coating. No spaliation and crack happened and the weight gain was very small after cycle oxidation at 900℃ for 314h.     

Study on the Formation Mechanism of the Solid Siliconized Layer on Ti-48Al Alloy

The microstructures of the siliconized specimens of Ti-48Al alloy were analyzed by SEM equipped with XEDS.The specimens were pack siliconized with the two different cementations, 15%Si+85% Al2O3 and 15%Si+85%ZrO2. The results show that a composite siliconized layer is formed on the surface of the TiAl alloy. The outer layer is the continuous Al2O3 where a lot of Si particles adhered; the inner layer is most of Ti5Si3 with amount of Al2O3 particles dispersed in. It was deduced that the Al2O3 in the cementation layer is formed by the Al atoms in the TiAl substrate react with the residual O in the furnace and in the TiAl substrate.     

Study on the Formation Mechanism of the Solid Siliconized Layer on TJ-48A1 Alloy

TiAl-based alloys are of great interest as an ideal hightemperature structural material due to their light weightrelatively good high temperature properties,howeverthe poor ductility at room temperature and insufficienoxidation resistance at high temperature are two factorsthat inhibit their practical applications.With theimprovement in ductility and fracture toughness atroom temperature[1],It is necessary to improve theoxidation resistance at high temperature.There are twokinds of improvement…     

溅射TiAlCr涂层对Ti-24Al-14Nb-3V抗氧化性能的影响

研究了溅射Ｔｉ５０Ａｌ１０Ｃｒ及Ｔｉ５０Ａｌ２０Ｃｒ涂层对Ｔｉ２４Ａｌ１４Ｎｂ３Ｖ抗高温氧化性能的影响。结果表明,在８００℃下,Ｔｉ５０Ａｌ１０Ｃｒ及Ｔｉ５０Ａｌ２０Ｃｒ涂层表面由于可形成粘附性良好的Ａｌ２Ｏ３膜,大大改善了Ｔｉ２４Ａｌ１４Ｎｂ３Ｖ的抗高温氧化性能。９００℃时在Ｔｉ５０Ａｌ１０Ｃｒ涂层表面长出大量ＴｉＯ２,导致其氧化增重较大;而在Ｔｉ５０Ａｌ２０Ｃｒ涂层表面生成了连续Ａｌ２Ｏ３,其抗氧化性能良好。然而,由于ＴｉＡｌＣｒ涂层与基体热膨胀系数不同,在循环氧化过程中涂层出现一些裂纹,导致其抗循环氧化性能有所下降。     

Evaluation of aluminide diffusion coatings for thermal cyclic oxidation protection of a nickel‐base superalloy

Active element modified aluminide diffusion coatings on IN738 substrates were produced by a new route using continuously cast, aluminum alloy wires consisting of Al‐Y, Al‐Ce, Al‐La and Al‐Si‐Y. The cast wires were used as evaporation sources for ion‐vapour deposition followed by diffusion heat treatments to form nickel aluminide coatings. In order to examine the oxidation resistance of these coatings at elevated temperatures, thermal cyclic oxidation experiments were carried out in air at 1050°C. While all coatings were found to provide significant protection, the Al‐La modified coatings provided the greatest resistance to cyclic oxidation. On the other hand, with coatings based on Al‐Si‐Y alloys, while silicon has a strong ability to reduce the outward diffusion of aluminum, the adverse effect of silicon on mechanical properties of the coating, together with the formation of volatile silicon monoxide, led to catastrophic localized oxidation of the protective coatings.     

NiCoCrAlY coatings with and without an Al2O3/Al interlayer on an orthorhombic Ti2AlNb-based alloy: Oxidation and interdiffusion behaviors

The mechanism of oxidation protection of NiCoCrAlY overlay coatings on the orthorhombic Ti₂AlNb-based alloy (O alloy) Ti–22Al–26Nb (at.%) is described. While the bare alloy exhibited poor oxidation resistance at 800 °C, adding NiCoCrAlY coatings significantly improved the oxidation resistance. However, serious interdiffusion between the coatings and the substrate resulted in rapid degradation of the coating system. Several reaction layers were formed at the coating/substrate interface by interdiffusion, and non-protective scales mainly of Cr₂O₃ and TiO₂ were formed due to the degradation of the coating. In order to solve this problem, an Al₂O₃/Al interlayer was sandwiched into the coating system as a diffusion barrier. The isothermal and cyclic oxidation protection of the multilayer coating system on the Ti–22Al–26Nb substrate was evaluated at 800 and 900 °C. The results indicated that the interdiffusion was much suppressed, and the duplex coating system demonstrated improved oxidation resistance on the Ti–22Al–26Nb substrate, with a thin and adherent protective α-Al₂O₃ scale forming on the surface.     

Ti65合金磷酸盐涂层抗高温氧化性能研究

目的通过表面涂层提高高温钛合金Ti65的抗高温氧化性能。方法采用喷涂法在Ti65合金基体上制备以磷酸铝为粘结剂、Al和Al/SiC为填料的两种磷酸盐抗高温氧化复合涂层。研究Ti65合金和涂层样品在650℃准等温、静态空气条件下的氧化动力学行为。用XRD和SEM/EDS分别对涂层样品氧化前后的物相组成、组织形貌和微区成分进行表征分析;用电子探针(EPMA)分析涂层样品的元素分布情况。结果650℃抗高温氧化实验结果表明,磷酸盐涂层样品的准等温氧化动力学曲线均符合抛物线规律,两种涂层样品的抛物线氧化速率常数kp分别为3.922×10^-2、1.768×10^-2 mg/(cm^2·h^1/2)和2.48×10^-2、3.385×10^-4 mg/(cm^2·h^1/2),均小于Ti65合金,氧化增重显著降低。以Al/SiC为填料的磷酸铝涂层的抗氧化性能最好,氧化1000 h,质量增加0.20 mg/cm^2,约为Ti65基体氧化增重(1.13 mg/cm^2)的1/6。微观分析结果表明,两种磷酸盐涂层样品在650℃准等温氧化后,涂层与基体形成扩散层,生成TiAl3金属间化合物,涂层表面均保持完好,没有裂纹和孔隙,有效阻止了氧元素向Ti65基体的扩散,保护基体不受氧化。结论磷酸盐涂层能有效阻止650℃温度下氧向Ti65合金基体的扩散,具有优异的抗高温氧化性能。     

Oxidation behavior of MoSi2 and Mo(Si,Al)2 coated Mo–0.5Ti–0.1Zr–0.02C alloy

MoSi₂ and Mo(Si, Al)₂ coatings were prepared on Mo–0.5Ti–0.1Zr–0.02C alloy using pack cementation process. Oxidation studies revealed that Mo(Si, Al)₂ coating had a much superior oxidation resistance in the temperature range from 400 to 900 °C, where pest disintegration of MoSi₂ occurs due to internal oxidation. The growth kinetics of Al₂O₃ layer formed on Mo(Si, Al)₂ coating was much slower than that of SiO₂ layer formed on MoSi₂ coatings during oxidation.     

Oxidation behavior of γ-TiAl based alloy with Al2O3-Y2O3 composite coatings prepared by electrophoretic deposition

Electrophoretic deposition (EPD), a versatile and cost-effective process, was employed to prepare Al₂O₃-Y₂O₃ composite coatings on a γ-TiAl based alloy. SEM observations showed that the composite coatings were compact and consisted of uniform nano-particles. Cyclic oxidation at 1000 °C indicated that the γ-TiAl alloy exhibited a cyclic spallation-oxidation behavior under cyclic oxidation while the Al₂O₃-Y₂O₃ composite coatings improved the oxidation and scale spallation resistance of γ-TiAl alloy significantly due to the suppression of outward diffusion of Ti in the γ-TiAl substrate and the promotion of selective oxidation of Al in the γ-TiAl alloy induced by the composite coating.