共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
文中从万瓦级光纤激光深熔焊接熔池行为及羽辉特性、焊接缺欠的抑制、焊接工艺的开发及工程应用等方面,对相关技术的国内外研究现状、发展趋势及存在的问题进行了比较系统地阐述和分析。其中,对于中厚钢板的激光焊接,在功率达到万瓦以上时,如何保证焊缝质量是目前万瓦级激光焊接技术能否获得应用的关键问题之一,而羽辉的存在是影响万瓦级激光焊接稳定性的一个主要因素,利用侧吹法、局部负压法和真空法可以在很大程度上降低羽辉对激光能量的影响;此外,焊缝塌陷和底部驼峰的产生也是阻碍万瓦级激光焊接技术应用的主要技术难题,通过改变焊接姿态、采用电磁支撑系统、底部气压法或焊缝背面强制成形的方法有助于获得良好的焊缝成形。 相似文献
5.
焊接过程中焊炬自动跟踪焊缝对保证焊接质量 ,提高自动化程度有着极其重要的实际意义。焊缝自动跟踪技术的关键是焊缝位置的传感方法 ,本文在深入研究TIG焊电弧发光行为的基础上 ,结合实际的焊接工况 ,建立了一套利用电弧弧光检测焊缝位置的图像传感系统。该系统在硬件方面解决了图像采集与焊接电流的同步以及图像品质的提高等问题 ,在计算机软件方面解决了阈值与图像品质相匹配以及焊缝位置的提取等问题。生产实际应用结果表明 ,该系统在检测精度、处理速度、稳定性、可靠性及实际工况的适应性等方面完全满足高质量焊缝对焊接过程自动对中的要求。 相似文献
6.
胡波 《机械制造文摘:焊接分册》2018,(4)
随着以深度神经网络为代表的深度学习模型取得突破性快速发展,同时得益于更强大的计算机、更大的数据集和能够训练更深网络的技术,深度学习在智能焊接等智能制造领域取得了大量应用。概述了深度学习技术在焊接过程控制、焊缝缺陷检测等方面的研究进展,当前的研究表明深度学习方法能够提高焊接过程实时控制精度和焊接缺陷的识别准确率。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
随着生产自动化和智能化技术的迅速发展,各种新技术在焊接领域得到了广泛应用,焊接自动跟踪系统已成为焊接自动控制研究领域中的一个重要内容.精确的焊缝跟踪可以快速实现焊缝的精确定位,是保证焊接质量的关键,是实现焊接过程自动化的重要研究方向.介绍了弧焊机器人在工业中的应用情况,以及在弧焊机器人焊缝跟踪系统中常用到的传感器类型,重点论述了电孤传感器的工作原理以及目前国内外电弧传感器的应用发展和焊缝跟踪技术的研究现状. 相似文献
10.
12.
Abstract Image sensor has been one of the key technologies in intellectualized robotics welding. Edge detection plays an important role when the vision technology is applied in intellectualized welding robotics technologies. There are all kinds of noises in welding environment. The algorithms in common use cannot be applied to the recognition of welding environment directly. The edge of images can be fell into four types. The weld images are classified by the characteristic of welding environment in this paper. This paper analyzes some algorithms of edge detection according to the character of welding image, some relative advantages and disadvantages are pointed out when these algorithms are used in this field, and some suggestions are given. The feature extraction of weld seam and weld pool are two typical problems in the realization of intellectualized welding. Their edge features are extracted and the results show the applicability of different edge detectors. The trndeoff between precision and calculated time is also considered for different application. 相似文献
13.
14.
主要对5052铝合金薄板在激光焊接中的变形过程进行了全程监控,对焊接变形量进行了精确测量并得到焊接过程中待测点的变形量随时间变化的曲线.相对于传统的变形测量而言,采用独特的非接触数字图像相关技术全场测量法对激光焊接变形进行精确的测量,使用三维云图再现了变形量,并在不同焊接参数下对焊接变形量进行研究,得到焊接变形量随激光功率的增加而增加,随焊接速度的增加而减小,随着离焦量负值变为正值而减小.待测点的变形量在焊接过程中呈现持续增长的趋势,但是在不同的时间增长的速度不同. 相似文献
15.
16.
结合二维数字图像相关技术(DIC),针对焊接电流、通电时间及电极力对电阻点焊过程中工件翘曲变形量的影响规律进行了深入研究和讨论. 结果表明,利用二维DIC技术获得的工件变形过程与电阻点焊各个阶段相吻合,而且具有较高的精确度. 随着焊接电流和通电时间的增大,熔核形成造成的翘曲变形增大;随着电极力的增大,熔核形成造成的翘曲变形减小,同时电极下压造成的变形增大.二维数字图像相关技术在电阻点焊过程中的首次尝试为电阻点焊工艺的研究和焊接质量的提高提供了新的方法,对电阻点焊工艺的发展和完善具有重要意义. 相似文献
17.
针对TIG堆焊所引起的薄板复杂屈曲变形问题,采用基于热弹塑性理论的有限元法建立薄板焊接变形预测模型,提出了数字图像相关法对预测屈曲模型进行试验验证并设计了薄板焊接变形检测试验装置. 结果表明,基于数字图像相关技术的非接触变形检测方法能够全场动态获取堆焊屈曲变形数据,全面验证了焊接变形有限元预测模型,基于高斯热源模型、非线性瞬态热传导边界条件、材料高温性能参数等的热?力耦合热弹塑性预测模型具有较高的精度.薄板焊接变形冷却后呈马鞍形,结合动态温度场与应力场,对揭示焊接马鞍形屈曲变形机理具有重要的意义. 相似文献
18.
J. Mirapeix A. Cobo O.M. Conde C. Jaúregui J.M. Lpez-Higuera 《NDT & E International》2006,39(5):356-360
An optimized technique for real-time spectral analysis of thermal plasmas, with application in the monitoring and defect detection of industrial welding processes, particularly arc-welding, is presented in this paper. The calculation of the plasma electronic temperature by means of a sub-pixel algorithm permits on-line quality assessment of the welds, allowing the detection of common defects to be found in the welding seam, such as oxidation due to insufficient shielding gas flux or lack of penetration caused by current fluctuations of the welding power source. The proposed technique has been successfully checked in a real-time arc-welding monitoring system, and experimental results of stainless-steel welds are also reported. 相似文献
19.
Displacement during welding provides important information to understand the mechanisms of welding deformation and residual stress. In particular, if welding deformation can be measured sequentially and the displacement distribution over full field can be measured such as the results obtained by finite element analysis, they can be valuable information. Therefore, in this study, a 3-dimensional (3D) deformation (in-plane and out-of-plane deformation) measurement method is developed using a digital camera, which requires no special equipment. This method is a non-contact method and it can sequentially measure over the entire photographed image. Furthermore, since image analysis is based on the technique of image matching, the method is applicable even when measuring deformation is large. In addition, since it is possible to use all pixels as measuring points, the number of available measuring points at one time is the same as the number of effective pixels of the camera. This is currently more than 15 million points, and the measuring precision is expected to increase as the camera pixel resolution continues to increase. Therefore, this method is expected to have future potential. In this study, the proposed method is applied to the sequential measurement of displacement under the strong lighting levels in arc welding. By comparing the time history of transverse shrinkage, longitudinal shrinkage and angular distortion with the results of FEM thermal elastic-plastic analysis, the qualitative validity of the proposed method is verified. To investigate the measurement precision and usefulness of the method, a 3D shape measurement system (LAT-3D) using a laser displacement gauge and digital caliper are used. The distributions of residual transverse shrinkage and residual angular distortion are measured by the proposed method, LAT-3D and digital caliper. Through the comparison of the results measured by these methods, quantitative validity of the proposed method is also verified. 相似文献
20.
大型散装热水锅炉的省煤器系统内部结构采用了密布蛇形管排布置形式,管间位置狭窄、管排密集。蛇形管间障碍焊是焊接这种结构的难点。通过分析蛇形管管排空间位置特点,经过多次模拟试焊,确定采用钨极氩弧焊,并改造了氩弧焊枪,制定了特殊位置焊缝的焊接工艺,同时对常见的焊接缺陷提出了解决措施,形成了一套比较成熟的焊接工艺。在实际工程中,采用此工艺进行焊接,焊缝一次合格率达到了98.7%。施工进度也由以往一天焊20余道焊口,提高到一天焊60余道焊口。 相似文献