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本文分析了非球面非零位检测中3种典型的非球面度及其变化率、调整误差、回程误差以及干涉仪系统误差,提出了非球面度变化率是影响检测误差的主要因素,并给出了非球面非零位检测面形加工误差的确定方法.对基于Zernike多项式拟合的最小二乘法和系数转换法进行了对比研究,分析了剪切量和多项式拟合阶数对波前重建精度的影响,并给出了数值模拟结果.为了验证以上方法的可行性及检测精度,针对一单点金刚石车削的抛物面反射镜,利用顶点球作为测试波前进行非零位横向剪切干涉检测,并用最小二乘法进行波前重建.实验结果表明,在非球面度变化率最大的反射镜边缘处面形误差最大,达到0.203μm,研究结果为横向剪切干涉仪用于非球面加工过程中在位检测提供了技术支撑. 相似文献
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针对一种SiC材质的非回转对称非球面元件,本文介绍了该元件的加工和检测方法.该实验件的理想面形方程为z=3λ(X3-y3)(x,y为归一化坐标,λ=0.632 8μm),镜胚材料为Φ150 mm的SiC,加工方式为数控机床和手工研抛相结合.在加工过程中为提高加工效率缩短加工时间,选择平面作为最接近表面并认为去除了面形中的倾斜项.去倾斜之前最低点的材料去除量为3.8μm,而去倾斜后则为2.06μm.本文提出了一种新的基于数字模板的非零位检测方法.直接采用Zygo平面干涉仅检测工件,检测结果可以分为三部分:工件实际面形与理想面形的误差,工件理想面形与平面波前的误差和非共路误差.其中第二部分可以事先计算出来并转换为系统误差文件在检测过程中自动去除.通过在相同条件下检测一个已知的球面样板验证了非共路误差对于检测结果的影响可以忽略不计.由此在一次测量中可直接得到面形误差.实验结果表明,基于这种检测手段最后测得实验件的面形精度PV达到0.327λ,RMS优于0.025λ,达到设计要求. 相似文献
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补偿器法检测非球面过程中易出现的误区 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
补偿器法是测量非球面反射镜面形误差的一种重要的方法.在检测过程中,各个元件之间的调整会带来初级像差,这是影响最终检测结果的一个关键因素.本文以一个1 m 口径的非球面反射镜为例,首先详述了其面形误差检测的设计和测量过程,然后分析了各个元件的调整会带来相应的初级像差,随后给出了实际检测过程中出现的误区,并对其进行了分析和讨论,结合实际的检测过程得出了相应的判断和消除的方法.最后,分别对300 mm、700 mm 口径非球面反射镜与本文1 m 非球面镜的检测结果进行了比较,证明了该误区会使最后的检测数据发生变化,从而使最后的检测结果失真,并验证了先判别后消除方法的可靠性.最后利用正确的方法,检测得到1 m口径非球面被测镜的RMS 面形误差为0.038 λ,满足指标要求. 相似文献
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总结了常用非球面光学元件的检验方法的分类及其特点,提出了满足大口径高次非球面的高精度检测方法的基本要求,重点分析了细光束干涉测试方法及其在大口径非球面高精度检测方面的应用. 相似文献
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本文用He-Ne激光器作光源,把电视摄相机(或CCD摄相机)和微机与泰曼-格林干涉仪结合,组成泰曼-电视-微机系统。利用法线象差补偿法检测非球面面形的原理,根据三个干涉图法,对非球面面形自动扫描、分析,并在计算机的监视器上绘制出被检非球面面形的二维等高线图和三维面形。为了扩大测试范围,设计了万能补偿器,可检测一定范围的抛物面,补偿精度可达0.01λ,也可检测椭圆面和双曲面。 相似文献
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Patrick O'Connor 《Quality and Reliability Engineering International》2003,19(1):73-84
This tutorial article describes the role of testing in the creation of reliable products. It is based upon parts of the author's book ‘Test Engineering’.Reproduced by permission of John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The book has a web page (www.pat‐oconnor.co.uk/testengineering.htm), which provides information on and links to test organizations, standards, suppliers of equipment and facilities, etc. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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In previous research, a series of a thickness-tapered cruciform specimen configurations have been used to determine the biaxial (two-dimensional, in-plane) and triaxial (three-dimensional) strength of several carbon/epoxy and glass/vinyl-ester laminate configurations. Refinements to the cruciform geometry have been shown capable of producing acceptable results for cross-ply laminate configurations. However, the presence of a biaxial strengthening effect in quasi-isotropic, [(0N/90N/ ± 45N)M]S, laminates have brought into question whether the cruciform geometry could be used to successfully generate two-dimensional strength envelopes. In the present study, a two-dimensional failure envelope for a IM7/977-2 carbon/epoxy laminate was developed at the Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, using a triaxial test facility. The electromechanical test frame is capable of generating any combination of tensile or compressive stresses in σ1:σ2:σ3 stress space and can evaluate the uniaxial (one-dimensional, in-plane), biaxial or triaxial response of composite materials. Results are promising as they indicated that failure in the majority of the IM7/977-2 specimens occurred in the gage section. This leads the authors to believe that maximum biaxial stress states were correctly generated within the test specimen. In addition to the experimental data presented, multi-continuum theory (MCT) was used to predict and analyze the onset of damage and ultimate failure of a biaxially loaded IM7/977-2 laminate. Multi-continuum theory is a micromechanics based theory and associated numerical algorithm for extracting, virtually without a time penalty, the stress and strain fields for a composites’ constituents during a routine structural finite element analysis. Damage in a composite material typically begins at the constituent level and may, in fact, be limited to only one constituent in some situations. An accurate prediction of constituent failure at sampling points throughout the laminate provides a genesis for progressively analyzing damage propagation in a composite specimen allowing identification of intermediate damage modes. A constituent-based, quadratic, stress-interactive, failure criterion was used to take advantage of the micro-scale information provided by MCT. There was reasonable correlation between analytically and experimentally developed IM7/977-2 2D failure envelope which leads us to believe that the thickness-tapered cruciform specimen can be used to determine the biaxial strength of quasi-isotropic laminates. 相似文献
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The monitoring of supply current in CMOS VLSI devices has been suggested as a tool for both detecting reliability hazards and increasing the effectiveness of standard functional testing. This paper reviews these techniques and describes a method used at Lancaster for evaluating the IDDQ test. 相似文献
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本文主要论述了对机械回转部件传递运动精度的测试,重点概括了采用静态与动态两种方法的测试原理与方法,并进行理论分析与实验比较,从而得到验证。 相似文献
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介绍了由宝钢股份公司组织的"BSTC T002金属材料拉伸试验"能力验证计划,以及围绕金属薄板所开展的"两步法"性能均匀性检验.基于稳健统计技术与Z比分数,对15家实验室获得的数据进行了技术分析,讨论了影响试验结果可靠性的测量因素.稳健化置信椭圆揭示出造成PT计划离群结果的主要因素应为系统误差(实验室间变异). 相似文献
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对美标钢制品力学性能试验总则标准(ASTMA370—2010)与分项试验方法标准(ASTMES/E8M-2009,ASTME10—2010,ASTME18—2008b,ASTME23—2007a^ε1和ASTME384—2010^ε2等)分别从标准的适用范围、环境温度的定义、采用的单位制、对试样和试验设备的要求、尺寸测量精确度、拉伸试验的速率、不同硬度标尺间的相互转换以及试验结果的处理与修约等方面进行了系统的对比分析。结果表明:ASTM力学性能试验总则标准和与其相对应的ASTM分项试验方法标准之间存在着一定的技术差异,其中尤以拉伸试验和冲击试验方法标准与总则标准之间的差异居多,实际使用中应注意区分和选择。 相似文献