基于FBS模型的经营过程重组方法研究

基于ＦＢＳ模型的功能视图重组是整个企业经营过程重组的核心，由此能够导出信息、资源和组织视图的重组。基于ＦＢＳ模型经营过程重组策略充分利用了企业的静态功能部分，使得重组工作只集中在过程规则集的重组上，通过过程规则集的重组来反映企业经营过程重组后的行为。这种策略减少了经营过程重组的周期和工作量。     

企业过程再造的一个实例研究

企业过程再造（BPR）是为了实现企业经营业绩上的突破而对企业经营过程进行的彻底的再思考和根本的再设计。它通过应用现代信息技术对企业经营过程、人力资源和组织结构进行重新设置,彻底消除企业原有劳动和部门分工对企业实现根本经营目标所形成的障碍。作业集成和组织扁平化是成功实施BPR的两个重要因素,也是BPR的难点。本文结合一个电话障碍维修业务再造的成功案例,分析了如何在BPR实施过程中将作业集成与组织扁平化二者有效地结合起来,共同实现经营过程的变革。提出的几点成功经验可供其它企业实施BPR时参考。     

工程项目施工生产过程的划分界定及控制

施工企业项目经理部的施工生产过程不同于制造业工厂化的固定生产车间、固定工序流程、固定产品的特性,项目施工生产过程有别于制造业的工序控制,企业也不宜机械照搬管理体系标准来界定和控制项目施工生产过程。按照GB／T50326《建设工程项目管理规范》及建筑施工企业项目施工生产组织和实施惯例,     

企业技术创新组织支持因素及其作用机制分析

企业技术创新过程中人力资源和组织因素已越来越受到关注。章从领导行为、信息技术、团队协作和沟通交流四个组织变量来阐述组织因素对企业创新行为的作用，分析组织支持因素通过影响创新主体的认知过程和创新行为来影响创新绩效。     

利用系统技术步入成功的殿堂最佳的混合搅拌过程和输送过程的六西格玛

越来越多的流程工业企业采用六西格玛技术,希望把自己的产品质量不断推向顶峰。在这一过程中,企业就要不断把粉质、颗粒和丸状产品的混合搅拌和输送过程加以完善、改进。如何利用六西格玛技术来实现这一切呢？本文将对此进行介绍。按照精益六西格玛方法进行管理的企业旨在不断提高企业组织机构的工作效率,经济地生产用户需要的产品。在流程工业企业中,尤其是有着结构紧凑的流程工艺设备及其各个部件都易于接近且采用了“易于清浩”方案的设备,精益六西格玛对他们来讲是非常有帮助的方法。     

计算机辅助经营与运行过程分析为竞争成功提供保障：经营过程重组…

企业为改进竞争能力而采取的组织、技术或人事方面的措施越来越多地着眼于经营过程。这是因为：面向过程的思路能够消除现在已清楚认识到的、由等级森严的组织结构及其广泛的分工带来的缺陷。此外，局部的优化可以导致整个企业范围内有关成本、质量、生产率和柔性的总体优化。     

浅谈企业测量过程的控制

企业的计量保证系统由一个个测量过程组成。如何做好企业测量过程的控制是各企业计量部门必须面对的课题。本文从以下几个方面来谈谈企业测量过程的控制。一、测量过程的建立和设计一般来说 ,测量过程的建立和设计是一切计量工作的开始 ,一个测量过程的设计是否达到预定用途所要求的计量特性 ,将直接关系到该测量过程的成败。尽管企业很重视这方面的问题 ,并编制了程序文件及其他支持性文件 ,但在具体实施过程中 ,仍需注意以下几个问题。我们知道 ,每一个测量过程都对应一个测量点 ,对于一个测量过程的建立和设计 ,计量设计人员应了解对应测…     

工作研究方法在生产作业过程优化中的应用

改善生产要素组织，提高生产率是企业生产管理的永恒课题。应用工作研究的程序分析技术，对一轮胎生产过程的更换胶囊作业进行了研究，提出了作业过程的改进方案。研究表明，只要和不断改进的管理思想相结合，工作研究方法就能在企业挖潜、提高生产绩效方面发挥作用。     

浅谈电建企业施工进度控制原理和过程

电建企业旆工进度控制是一个动态的管理过程。电建工程项目是否可以在预定的时间内交付使用，直接关系到电建企业的经济效益。因此，必须加强对电力工程建设的进度控制，本文结合项目管理的相关理论具体分析了电建企业施工进度控制的原理和过程。     

面向作业过程的生产理论与学习

近些年来一些新企业生产管理理论和方法相继问世，它们的一个共同特点是面向作业过程。本文在指出传统生产理论与企业生产管理实际严重脱节的基础上，提出了将其改造成面向作业过程的生产理论的设想，并分析了这一理论与企业组织学习的关系。     

CPFR原理及实施

CPFR能寿命帮助合作伙伴建立比较准确的预测和高效的补给计划，在高水平服务的前提下扩大销售并降低库存。通过一系列业务流程的实施，制度共同的销售和运作计划，并通过电子化的交流与沟通合作修改销售计划和补给计划，从而提高计划的准确性，有效地降低成本。提出了实现CPFR的组织方法，数据组织，业务规则和软硬件标准。     

Optimal inventory policies for uniform replenishment systems with time-dependent demand

This study develops an analysis of lot size inventory systems where the replenishment rate is uniform and demand follows a power demand pattern. Shortages are not allowed. Holding cost, replenishing cost and purchasing cost are considered in inventory system control. The objective of the study is to find the economic production quantity that minimises total inventory cost per unit of time. We conclude that optimal inventory policies depend on the demand pattern index chosen to represent customer demand. Theoretical results are illustrated with a business case study. A sensitivity analysis is proposed to describe the optimal policy behaviour.     

A graphical approach for confidence limits of optimal preventive maintenance cycles

Facilities management (FM) is the management of infrastructure resources and services to support and sustain the operational strategy of an organization over time. Maintenance is often the business process that has not been optimized and is considered as a liability of business operations. Therefore, extensive studies have been done to determine the optimal replacement interval for irreparable parts of repairable systems where typically the time between failures is characterized by lifetime distribution in which the parameters are estimated from failure data. As a result, the optimal preventive maintenance (PM) interval computed is exposed to sampling risk as the repair cost and failure data used for estimation are typically highly censored due to issues related to data collection and unobserved failures. In this paper, we present a graphical approach to obtain the confidence interval for the optimal PM interval that resulted from sampling variations parameter estimates. The proposed methodology is applied in the context of FM as a strategy for opportunistic replacement and for the purpose of validating the cost components in maintenance. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于价值链理论的业务流程再造研究

价值链驱动的企业流程再造是基于市场反馈及成本价值分析的，对企业各种经营流程进行重新思考和再设计，将其运用于企业的改造对提高企业的核心竞争力具有重要意义。以某装饰铝板公司为例，对其业务流程进行了重新设计，并对其组织结构进行了重构，以期达到提高整个企业的生产效率，增强企业的核心竞争力的目的。     

Economic models and process quality control

Quality is an important business strategy in the economic and technological environment of today. To achieve high product quality, it is important to take explicit account of the cost of quality, and to use this cost as another management control. A new direction for achieving a cost-effective quality management system is to design statistical process controls so as to directly incorporate quality costs. This paper discusses the major approaches to the economic design of statistical process controls, and compares several different model formulations. The practical implication of these techniques is stressed. In particular, two economic models of the chart are presented: a full economic model requiring a user-specified process and nine cost parameters, and a semi-economic model using five user-specified parameters. Both of these could serve as approaches to reducing the total cost of process control. Because of its simplicity in application the semi-economic model should gain greater acceptance by practitioners for the design of process control techniques.     

A Manager's Perspective on Employee Involvement in Manufacturing

ABSTRACT

This paper describes employee involvement (EI) tactics used in several Memphis-based manufacturing firms and uses contemporary academic and business writings to develop a theory-based rationale for them. Generic economic forces creating a need for greater EI are discussed, along with the relationship between workers' contributions and those forces.

Research is reviewed that links a firm's use of EI strategies with improved ROI. Lawler's method of classifying EI methods in terms of their movement of information, knowledge, power, and rewards to lower organization levels is discussed. It is shown that reported payoffs from EI increase in proportion to the transfer of Lawler's four key factors. EI programs requiring little transfer of the four factors seem to behave like short-term savings projects. More-complex programs have a potential to lower total manufacturing costs up to 35% or more over the long term.

Implementation of EI programs requires resources, time, and patience. Most applications need expert change management skills, perhaps from outside the organization. Extensive transfer of Lawler's four key factors within an organization requires team-work and peer interaction that may threaten managers and workers. For more advanced EI applications, cost-to-benefit relationships are currently unquantifiable, but the durability of EI programs suggests that justifying EI with a simple cost calculation is to ask the wrong question. The real payoff from EI is improved long-term competitive advantage.     

Suppliers’ green performance evaluation using fuzzy extended ELECTRE approach

In the present context of the globalized market, sustainable manufacturing has become a major concern for all organizations. The sustainable manufacturing system includes economic, environmental, and social sustainabilities. Green manufacturing enhances the environmental sustainability but, it also affects the economic and social sustainabilities. The compulsion to follow the environmental rules and regulation in any business activity has increased the awareness for the use of green products, recyclable materials for packaging, reduction of carbon emission, etc. Due to the involvement of extra costs in green manufacturing, some ignorance in the implementation of green practices may be observed. To ensure sustainable systems, selection of suppliers based on green performance measures is very important. This study evaluates the suppliers’ performances based on Green Practices as follows: environmental management and pollution control, cost, quality, and flexibility using the fuzzy-extended Elimination and Choice Expressing Reality approach. This approach helps the managers to incorporate the linguistic decision of the decision makers and convert it into quantitative scale. This method is used to eliminate and outrank the poor performers. As poor performers are outranked, this approach helps to select the most suitable green suppliers as per organization’s requirement.     

Reliability and optimization considerations in a conveyor-paced assembly line system

This paper presents a mathematical model to determine transitional as well as steady state probabilities of various system states in a conveyor-paced assembly line system with the line-conveyor subject to failure and repair. The analysis helps to predict the effect of system parameters on labour efficiency, output rate, and system down time. The on-line service time distribution has been taken as general for wider applicability. An optimization problem for a business concern is then formulated taking into account all the relevant economic implications, and solved for a numercial example by STJMT. The profit function is seen to be a concave function with the cost structure as presented here. The results of the numerical example give convincing evidence that, when the problem is seen in totality, neither worker utilization nor output remain the criteria for optimization.     

企业经营范围文本自动分类方法探究

随着各种数字化信息不断增长,如何对大量文档信息进行科学归类成为亟待解决的问题。文本自动分类方法成为目前解决该问题的一项关键技术。我国目前有超过1,000万的企业,企业经营范围是企业从事经营活动的具体描述。本文以企业经营范围数据为基础,根据其结构特征,以及与经济行业的关系,利用大规模文本数据的切分词优化、统计分类推断、属性关联分析等关键技术,通过在组织机构代码数据库中提炼相关数据进行实验比对分析,从而得出一种实用、高效的企业经营范围的文本自动分类方法。     

On Green Area implementation problems: a case study

In this paper the implementation approach, adopted by an engineering company, of an innovative team management system known as the ‘green area’ concept is researched and analysed. The system was introduced to improve contract time and cost control and change the business culture to one of high personnel involvement and responsibility. The determinants for successful business implementation of this system are evaluated using a multi-attribute framework. These determinants have been specified as a net of organizational change parameters for the successful implementation of business improvement strategies.