正确理解ISO9000、ISO14000认证──ISO中央秘书处关于ISO9000、ISO14000认证有关问题的说明

ISO9000族标准和ISO14000族标准发布实施以来，引起了全世界各行各业的高度重视。一些企业和组织花费了一定的时间、精力和资金通过了认证，获得了ISO9000或ISO14000认证证书。他们希望通过广告、宣传资料（包括录像带）及其他方法，让市场了解他们管理着一个已通过ISO9000族标准认证的质量管理体系或ISO14000族标准认证的环境管理体系。近来，国际标准化组织（以下简称ISO）及其成员经常收到来自公司的咨询，这些公司希望允许在他们宣传ISO9000认证的资料中使用ISO标识；其次是ISO发现在一些印刷广告中，把ISO9000认证理解为…     

ISO14000标准与企业可持续发展战略

阐述ISO14000标准的基本内涵以及它与企业可持续发展的关系.实施ISO14000标准,有助于企业开辟国际市场,提升竞争力和信任感,打破国际贸易中的绿色壁垒,具有战略意义.针对企业实施ISO 14000存在的问题,提出了建立环境管理体系的对策.     

信息安全管理体系建设研究

信息安全管理正成为当前全球的热门话题，建立健全信息安全管理体系对企业的安全管理工作和企业的发展意义重大。本文从我国信息安全管理的现状入手，对国际和国内信息安全标准的情况进行了梳理，在理解信息安全管理模型的基础上，提出了准备策划、确定范围、调查评估、建立框架、文件编写、运行改进和体系审核等建设思路。     

海尔冰箱,从世界级合格供应商到世界级环保企业

海尔冰箱早已创出了名牌,成为优秀的世界级合格供应商.为了对世界环保事业作出贡献,它们又率先成为国内第一家通过ISO14001国际环境管理体系认证的企业.     

质量、环境和职业健康安全管理体系的建立与实施(上)

阐述电子企业如何按GB／T19001—2000、GB／T24001—2004、GB／T28001—2001标准要求，结合行业特点建立与实施一体化管理体系，以便顺利通过一体化管理体系认证。介绍了电子企业建立质量、环境和职业健康安全一体化管理体系的基本要求和实施方法。     

基于ITIL的企业信息化运行体系再设计

从信息化概念和对企业发展的意义入手,深入剖析企业信息化进程中存在的突出问题,提出充分认识信息化战略地位,基于国际通行的信息服务管理体系思想,根据信息化进程建立并完善信息化运行组织管理体系,提高信息化建设与运行管理能力,保持信息化与业务发展战略适配,保障企业信息化卓有成效、稳步推进,为我国企业信息化实践提供一条可借鉴之路。     

客户导向趋势下中国电信的品牌营销

品牌作为企业的项无形资产，对企业的经营有着重要的意义，具体来说，比如有助于产品的销售和占领市场；有助于企业对市场进行细分，进而准确对市场进行定位；有助于新产品开发，节约新产品投入市场成本；有助于企业抵御竞争的攻击，保持竞争优势等。     

节能环保——企业发展的法则

以国际油价为代表的能源价格不断提升，让全球企业对环保的重视程度大大加强，环保节能已经不财是抽象的名词，越来越多的企业开始注意到，关注环保给企业带来的社会影响和未来成本控制的好处。     

建立环境管理体系的重点与难点

实施ＩＳＯ１４００１标准建立环境管理体系正成为越来越多企业的选择。在这一过程中，只要把握重点，克服难点，环境管理体系便能建成并有效运行。     

浅议ISO14001认证的企业通过OHSAS 18001的重点

本文介绍环境管理体系认证的相关过程、方法、强调建立并保持一个规范的安全卫生管理体系，增强企业竞争力。     

GEMNET: a generalized, shuffle-exchange-based, regular, scalable,modular, multihop, WDM lightwave network

GEMNET is a generalization of shuffle-exchange networks and it can represent a family of network structures (including ShuffleNet and de Bruijn graph) for an arbitrary number of nodes. GEMNET employs a regular interconnection graph with highly desirable properties such as small nodal degree, simple routing, small diameter, and growth capability (viz. scalability). GEMNET can serve as a logical (virtual), packet-switched, multihop topology which can be employed for constructing the next generation of lightwave networks using wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM). Various properties of GEMNET are studied     

Thermodynamics of copper matte converting: Part III. Steady-state volatilization of Au,Ag, Pb,Zn, Ni,Se, Te,Bi, Sb,and As from slag,matte, and metallic copper

A comprehensive compilation of various thermodynamic data required for a complete analysis of copper matte converting reactions is presented. The data comprise estimated free energies of formation for such gases as SeO, SeS, TeO, TeS, BiO, BiS, SbO, SbS, AsO, and AsS, as well as activity coefficients in dilute copper alloys and vapor pressures of various elements and compounds. The volatilization of minor elements in steady-state reactors comprising gas and several condensed phases is mathematically formulated, and a parameter which governs the volatilization in such reactors is defined and named volatilization constant. The vapor pressures of various volatile species are calculated thermodynamically for the Noranda Process reactor by assuming equilibrium conditions. The volatilization constants of various minor elements are expressed explicitly as functions of oxygen and sulfur activities. Formerly Associate Professor, Department of Metallurgical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT     

Bits, symbols, bauds, and bandwidth

The use of clear, concise, and unambiguous language in telecommunications engineering is vital to communicate a desired meaning and understanding. Terminology should be based on rigorous engineering principles and traceable to well known and dependable sources. This article deals with four everyday terms commonly encountered in the popular semi-technical press as well as in serious engineering periodicals. The misuse of these and other terms can lead to low-balled cost proposals, court litigation, and patent infringement cases. Imagine how an engineering student can be confused when she/he typically encounters bandwidth measured in bits per second     

Novel planar, square-shaped, dielectric-waveguide, single-, and dual-mode filters

This paper presents a novel concept of a square-shaped dielectric-waveguide resonator, which can easily realize a dielectric-waveguide cross-coupled filter or a dielectric-waveguide dual-mode filter, using the conventional printed circuit board (PCB) process. This planar dielectric-waveguide resonator has a higher Q value than a microstrip resonator. The physical mechanisms of both single- and dual-mode filters are elucidated. Some new coupling structures are developed for undergoing the PCB process. Filter design procedures are detailed. Design curves for the coupling coefficients of internal- and external-coupling structures are determined by full-wave finite-element-method electromagnetic calculations. Measurement results are highly consistent with theory for all trial filters. This study offers an effective means of producing low-cost high-performance planar circuit filters.     

PBX技术.市态.营销.选购

本文介绍了ＰＢＸ交换机的技术及市场需求态势。并提出ＰＢＸ产品的营销要素及其用户在选购时应遵循的原则。     

Dilemmas,uncertainty, risks,and board performance

This paper traces the origins of the words risk, uncertainty, governance and development and argues that a deeper understanding of each allows more effective decision taking in the boardroom. It argues that the role of the board of directors is to balance and rebalance continuously their irresolvable dilemma — ‘how do we drive our enterprise forward while keeping it under prudent control?’ It argues that it is the board’s role to focus on uncertainty, rather than risk, and this requires a different set of intellectual skills from board members to be able to cope with monitoring a range of diverse scenarios. This is crucial for a board to develop stronger ways of both leading their organisation and of ensuring the connectedness of the learning within and between the board and the operational unit’s risk taking. It advocates that to achieve this a board must develop new ways of learning — especially of thinking strategically and becoming more sensitised to the dynamics of their changing external environments. This will take them well beyond the comforts of their specialist managerial disciplines and into the true world of directing. The paper demonstrates the importance of continuous learning in reducing organisational uncertainty and risk. It uses the ‘Learning Board’ process and model as the central processor of both strategic and operational learning to create an annual rhythm for the board’s year.