GDX2包装机组CH小包透明纸检测系统的设计应用

为解决GDX2包装机组小包透明纸散包、烂包等质量问题,采用光电检测技术设计了CH小包透明纸检测系统.该系统在CH的转塔上安装了5个光纤检测器,当检测到透明纸歪斜或反折时,PLC发出信号,透明纸散包、烂包烟在原机的剔除口被剔除.应用效果表明,GDX2包装机组安装小包透明纸检测系统后,小包透明纸散包、烂包烟的数量由改进前的平均46包/月减少为0,透明纸不合格烟包的剔除率为99.99％,误剔率为0.001％,较好地解决了GDX2小包透明纸质量检测问题,有效提升了卷烟包装质量.     

GDX2包装机小包透明纸搭口皱纹质量改进

GDX2机型在生产实际中,很容易发现小包透明纸搭口皱纹的现象,严重影响产品的外观质量。本文针对这一问题,对透明纸成型的原理和过程进行分析,通过缩短透明搭口宽度,增设侧面热封整形烙铁等方法,达到改善小包透明纸搭口处皱纹质量问题。     

PLC在CP-1透明纸小包包装机的应用

本文介绍了CP－1透明纸小包包装机的工作原理及PLC对包装机的检测控制，并详细介绍了CP-1的输入输出检测控制信号。     

印刷起皱现象的分析与消除方法

印张产生印刷起皱现象，是印刷过程中的常见故障。它的出现给正常的印刷造成一定的障碍，同时也影响了产品质量．必须迅速准确采取措施加以根除，保证正常生产。     

YB55包装机透明纸自动拼接装置的研制

YB55型盒外透明纸包装机采用的手动式透明纸拼接装置,每次停机更换透明纸时,会造成上游主机停机约2 min,影响设备的有效作业率,且造成原材料浪费.为此,研制了一套透明纸自动拼接装置,实现了透明纸卷转换过程中的自动拼接.拼接形式仍采用烙铁热熔粘合方式,机械传动部分采用摆杆式结构,由3个气缸组件作为执行元件,分别完成粘合和切割动作.该装置结构简单,操作方便,经过实际应用表明,透明纸拼接过程由原来的80～120 s/次,减少到5～10 s/次,提高了设备运行效率,减少了因停机而造成的原材料消耗.     

FOCKE350包装机组双铝包内衬纸折叠并包装置的设计

为实现加热不燃烧卷烟双铝包包装自动化生产,基于FOCKE350包装机组设计了一种双铝包内衬纸折叠并包装置。该装置主要由内衬纸折叠机构、内衬纸并包机构、内框纸插入机构、内折角器组件等部件组成,通过将单路直包改为双路直包,实现双铝包包装自动化生产,满足了加热不燃烧卷烟保香保润的功能要求。以玉溪卷烟厂生产的"MC(美西)"牌加热不燃烧卷烟为对象进行测试,结果表明:改进后FOCKE350包装机组运行稳定可靠,生产加热不燃烧卷烟的外观质量合格率达97.4%,感官质量评价良好。该技术可为卷烟包装形式多样化生产提供支持。     

GDX2小盒透明纸包装折叠部件的改进

GDX2小盒透明纸机包装折叠容易出现小盒透明纸松驰、拉线错口、侧边皱纹等现象,通过对该装置入口通道、包装折叠转塔和侧封烙铁部位进行改进,提高了产品外观质量。     

GDX1包装机组小包封签检测器的改进

GDX1包装机组小包封签原装检测器仅能对X1小包机部分封签缺失的小包烟进行检测剔除。在GDX1包装机组的CH透明纸包装机部分加装了一套小包封签检测器,该检测器在小包烟进行透明纸封装后对烟包封签进行检测,避免了小包烟由X1小包机送往CH过程中,已粘贴的封签出现脱落而无法检测与剔除的现象。     

FOCKE401透明纸包装机侧边成型热封装置的改进

FOCKE401小包透明纸包装存在着松皱、侧面烙封有气泡等问题,为此,对该包装机侧边热封装置进行了改进。通过对透明纸的特性和槽口宽度分析可知,宽烙铁、静电、惯性和离心力都会对透明小包松皱产生影响。因此提出改进措施如下:确定预封烙铁宽度为0.6mm;确定圆弧板槽口宽度为0.8mm;在透明纸最后一个传动辊前加装静电消除器。改进后的侧边热封装置,透明小包侧面松皱、起泡等现象明显改善,外观质量得分由改进前的89分提高到97分,设备有效作业率由78%提高到85%,机组运行速度由350包/min提高到370包/min。     

硬盒小包转向装置在YB55A型盒外透明纸包装机中的应用

为了解决ZB45型包装机组中的烟支空头或缩头问题,在YB55A型盒外透明纸包装机中应用了硬盒小包转向装置,通过吸风负压将硬盒小包从提升装置转向输送到同步输送带上.该装置与烟包以柔性方式接触,可有效防止烟包在输送通道转弯处因撞击挡烟板而产生的烟支空头或缩头现象,包装合格率达100%,较好地解决了烟支空头问题,提高了产品质量.     

YB45细支烟包装机烟包烘干装置的改进

为解决YB45细支烟包装机因小盒商标纸侧边粘贴不牢而导致运行速度低等问题,对烟包烘干装置进行了改进。在保证烟包烘干时间不变的前提下,通过计算烘干装置的动停比,将烘干装置由36工位增加至48工位,将驱动烘干装置转动的槽轮机构由12工位增加至16工位,并重新设计了传动系统的关键参数。以厦门烟草工业有限责任公司生产的“七匹狼（锋芒）”牌卷烟为对象进行测试,结果表明:改进后YB45包装机的运行速度由280包/min提高至350包/min,小盒商标纸侧边弹开缺陷率由0.062 3%降低至0.009 8%,设备生产效率提高9.3百分点。该技术可为提高包装设备生产效率提供支持。      

GDX2和FOCKE701硬盒包装机硬盒包装纸压痕参数的设计

为解决硬盒包装纸成型过程中因压痕工艺差异而影响烟包品质以及上机适应能力等问题,通过分析硬盒包装机的包装工艺流程,以及辅料模切工艺对烟包成型的影响,基于GDX2和FOCKE701硬盒包装机设计了一套硬盒包装纸压痕参数。研究发现,压痕槽宽度、压痕形状和压痕挺力是压痕工艺的主要参数。试验结果表明,压痕槽宽度1.2 mm,压痕形状纤维方向为尖峰,垂直纤维方向为圆头,FT/FU、B/BT、F/G、F/L位置的压痕挺力处于50~60 g·cm,BT/RW位置的压痕挺力处于15~25 g·cm时,包装纸成型效果最理想。实际运行表明,因压痕工艺辅料造成的烟包缺陷率,GDX2由单日3包/台降低到0.1包/台,FOCKE701由单日3.1包/台降低到0.1包/台。包装纸压痕参数的确定有助于优化硬盒包装机的生产工艺参数,提高包装纸的上机适应能力。     

助剂对卷烟纸包灰效果的影响

为了提升卷烟档次,通过实验对各种包灰助剂进行了包灰效果分析。采用图像分析法,研究了助剂对卷烟包灰效果的影响。实验结果表明:磷系包灰助剂中K01具有一定的包灰效果,但是包灰灰分颜色略偏灰;成膜性助剂在包灰灰片大小方面作用显著;L01同G01、L01同M01复配具有较好的包灰效果,在一定程度上能够改善包灰性能。     

YB25型卷烟包装机烟包转向机构改进

目的：解决YB25型软盒包装机烟包转向机构故障率高、易造成烟包损伤等问题。方法：通过对烟包转向机构各零部件磨损情况分析,找出机构设计缺陷,设计了性能更稳定的三点式对称偏心结构行星轮系,并配合改进了专用离合器以保证其过载保护。结果：改进后转向机构故障率降低,单次维修时间减少54 min,设备噪音减小46 dB,半年内相关质量缺陷烟包减少275包,质量隐患降低。结论：改进后烟包转向机构实现了高效率运转,有效地解决了YB25型软盒烟包转向机构的高故障率问题。     

Individual wrapping of radishes with food packaging film

When ‘Taibai’ radishes were individually wrapped with food packaging film, they had a reduced weight and firmness loss and a decreased formation of internal sponginess. When stored at 1 °C, wrapped radishes lost 0.01% of their fresh weight per day when compared with the 0.28% weight loss per day for unwrapped radishes. When stored at 5 °C, wrapped radishes lost 0.02–0.03% of their fresh weight per day when compared with the 0.78% weight loss per day of unwrapped radishes. Wrapped radishes stored for 88 days at 5 °C or 165 days at 1 °C maintained their firmness better than unwrapped radishes. Wrapped radishes had significantly less internal sponginess than unwrapped radishes.     

GDX1横包包装机铝箔纸检测装置改进效果

根据包装工艺对铝箔纸就位状态的技术要求,对改进后GDX1横包机的铝箔纸检测装置在有无铝箔纸、铝箔纸的堵塞、位置偏移3方面所起的作用进行了分析及对比,为更好地使用和维护GDX1横包机提供了参考.     

YB618型硬条及条外透明纸包装机烟包输入通道的改进

为解决YB618型硬条及条外透明纸包装机因输入通道内上层烟包滑落导致通道堵塞而引起停机次数多等问题,对烟包输入通道进行了改进。通过分析双层烟包的输送原理和受力情况,将由上下输送带带动烟包的输送方式改为左右两侧输送带夹紧烟包的输送方式,采用原同步带轮经多组同步带传动和齿轮箱传动后驱动输送带。以大理卷烟厂生产的"红塔山(硬经典100)"牌卷烟为对象进行测试,结果表明:改进后因输入通道堵塞引起的停机次数减少8.7次/天,停机率降低97.75%。该技术可为提高包装机组生产效率提供支持。     

Quality of broccoli as influenced by film wrapping during shipment

'Shogun' broccoli florets were film-wrapped and stored for 7 days at 1 °C to simulate a maximum period of commercial shipment. After cold storage, florets were kept for 2.5 days at 20 °C to simulate a retail sale period. For wrapping, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 9 µm thickness and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) 11, 15, and 20 µm thickness were used. Soluble solids content, pH, titratable acidity, weight loss, physiological disorders, visual quality, and gas composition within packages were monitored. Gas composition (about 18% O₂ and 1% CO₂ during cold storage and about 16% O₂ and 2-3% CO₂ during shelf life), overall quality, and yellowing and browning of the florets were at similar levels among the films studied. However, weight loss was about sixty times lower for all LDPE films than for PVC film. After shelf life the best results were obtained by using 15 µm LDPE. This polymeric film could be a good alternative to PVC for wrapping broccoli for commercial shipment purposes, particularly to those countries where use of PVC has been forbidden.     

Quality of cauliflower as influenced by film wrapping during shipment

 Throughout the season, 'Siria' cauliflower heads from three harvesting periods were film-wrapped and stored for 1 week at 1.5  °C to simulate a maximum period of commercial shipment. After cold storage, the heads were kept for 2.5 days at 20  °C to simulate a retail sale period. Different polymeric films – polyvinyl chloride (PVC) of 14 μm thickness, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) of 11, 15 and 20 μm thicknesses and a special LDPE of 11 μm thickness adapted for microwave ovenuse – were used for wrapping. Soluble solid content, pH, titratable acidity, weight loss, physiological disorders, fungal attacks, visual quality and gas composition within packages were monitored. After the shelf life simulation, among the LDPE films studied, the best results were obtained by using 11 μm LDPE. Gas composition (about 16% O₂ and 2% CO₂ during cold storage, and about 11% O₂ and 3.5% CO₂ during retail sale simulation), overall quality, yellowing and browning of the head, and Alternaria spp. development were at similar levels among the films studied. However, weight loss was considerably lower for all LDPE films than for PVC film. For commercial purposes 11 μm LDPE could be a good alternative to PVC for wrapping cauliflower. Received: 30 October 1998 / Revised version: 18 January 1999