无功功率就地补偿器在砖瓦生产中的应用

节约电能是降低砖瓦产品成本,增加经济效益的重要途径之一.对于电力无功功率补偿,一般采用在高压倒或低压侧安装电容器进行集中补偿,来提高电网的功率因数,这种集中补偿能使电力系统35%的无功损耗得到适当的补偿.但用户末端使用的电动机以及输电线路65%的无功损耗,没有能从集中补偿中得到解决.无功功率就地补偿器就是为解决这部分无功损耗的补偿装置.砖瓦生产中,由于负荷冲击、重载、频繁启动,使企业的自然供电功率因数较低,就我市砖瓦企业的统计数为0.60～0.85.所以有必要安装就地无功功率补偿器进行补偿,提高电动机的功率因数,以达到节约电能的目的.     

浅析抽油机无功就地补偿的现状

抽油机井是油田企业主要耗能大户,为提高抽油机电机功率因数,无功补偿作为投入节能措施之一被大量只用。本文通过对无功就地补偿的原理进行分析,说明其在提高功率因数方面的特点,并在实际测试数据的基础上,提出了现场安装无功就地补偿装置需要注意的问题。     

混合式动态无功补偿装置在油田配电网中的应用

在分析油田配电网特性的基础上,提出了结合传统投切电容补偿和新型静止无功发生器(SVG)技术相结合的混合式动态无功补偿装置方案,并根据新疆油田公司百口泉采油厂的使用案例进行了分析,证明变压器下混合式动态无功补偿装置是油田合理的无功补偿方案,可将变压器出线端的功率因数提高到0.98以上。     

电网含谐波源时的无功补偿分析

分析电容串联电抗器组成的补偿电路提高功率因数及抑制谐波原理,讨论补偿元件参数计算和电容承受过电压情况。指出实际补偿时可能出现的问题及对策,最后比较两种不同的补偿方式。     

低压无功功率补偿装置的合理选择

介绍了低压无功功率补偿装置的合理选用方式，从补偿方式、无功功率补偿控制器等方面进行了论述，指出无功功率补偿装置对提高电网的功率因数，降低供电变压器及输送线路的损耗，改善供电环境起着重要的作用。     

江苏省58个水泥厂推广使用节电设备——进相机

进相机(又称:转子自激相位补偿机)是专门用来提高绕线式异步电动机功率因数的辅助设备,可以降低电耗,提高电能利用率。水泥行业使用进相机,是一项简易可行的节能措施。江苏省建材局在省内58个水泥厂推广使用这种进相机,在球磨机的配套电机上,按装了128台进相机,使用效果很好。许多单位使用进相机后,功率因数从原来的0.8左右提高到0.99左右;一些已采用电容补偿、功率因数达到0.9左右的单位,安装进相机后,功率因数进一步提高到0.99左右。功在国家,利在企业。仅此一项,供电部门作为奖励,可以减收全年电费的1～5%;并且还可     

论述单灯补偿电容在线路中的作用

比较了城市道路照明系统集中电容补偿及单灯电容补偿的特点，着重分析了单灯电容补偿的节能效益，为了保持道路照明供电功率因数，提出了在路灯维修工作中应重视单灯补偿电容器的设施完好率。     

基于半控器件的静止无功补偿技术控制策略研究

根据控制物理量选择的不同,TSC所采取的控制方法也多种多样。较为合理的补偿装置应最大限度提高电网的功率因数,且不发生过补偿,无投切振荡,无冲击投切,控制过程反应灵敏、迅速。按照控制物理量的不同无功补偿装置分为:无功功率补偿、无功电流补偿、功率因数补偿及综合型补偿。     

分析工业厂房无功欠补偿原因

分析了无功补偿以及不采用无功补偿造成的不良影响,并对并联电容器补偿装置的选择作了阐述,从无功补偿装置设计失误、补偿装置故障及生产用电管理不善等方面对无功补偿欠补问题作了探讨,以期提高电网的功率因数,提高供电效率。     

泵站中异步高压电动机无功功率补偿方式电容的确定

本文简要阐述了单机就地电容补偿的特点，并控功率因数补偿法、电压降补偿法推导出这几种方法的电容容抗的计算公式，本文还指出异步电动机实行电容补偿应注意的几个问题。     

无功补偿在施工临时用电中的应用及效益分析

从施工现场临时用电系统进行无功补偿的必要性,无功补偿方案的选择,无功补偿功能的实现,无功补偿经济效益分析四个方面,对施工现场临时用电无功补偿展开了论述,并对无功补偿的应用前景作了展望,以达到提高输配电系统利用率的目的。     

无功补偿的优化选择

结合用电量日益增长和用电结构不断变化的现状,根据电力网的运行特点,推行了一种优化方案--无功补偿,介绍了无功补偿的原则,计算了各种情况下的无功补偿量,并对补偿后带来的经济效益作了分析.     

Electricity savings from implementation of minimum energy efficiency standard for TVs in Malaysia

The popularization of 24 h pay-TV, interactive video games, web-TV, VCD and DVD in Malaysia are poised to have a large impact on overall TV electricity consumption in the country. With the increasing of overall TV energy consumption, energy efficiency standards are one of highly effective policies for decreasing electricity consumption in the residential sector. Energy efficiency standards are also capable of reducing consumer's electricity bill and contribute towards positive environmental impacts. This paper attempts to predict the amount of energy that can be saved in the residential sector by implementing minimum energy efficiency standard for television sets in Malaysia. Over the past 30 years, television ownership in Malaysian residents has increased from 186,036 units in 1970 to 2,741,640 units in 1991. This figure is expected to reach 6,201,316 units in the year 2010. Hence, efficiency improvement for this appliance will have a significant impact on the future of electricity consumption in this country.     

Priorities for tariff compensation of distributed electricity generation in Brazil

The economic, financial, environmental, social, and regulatory impacts of distributed generation influence energy policymaking. In 2012, Brazilian National Electricity Regulation Agency issued Normative Resolution 482/2012 to regulate the access and compensation of energy produced by micro-generation and mini-generation distributed to electric energy distribution systems. The paper aims to contextualize the history of the Brazilian electricity industry and its focus on centralization to demonstrate the need for expanding decentralized (distributed) generation. It is expected to contribute to the discussion about the decentralization of the natural monopoly from the expansion of distributed energy generation and its regulation. It is also expected to contribute to the discussion on the compensation of distributed generation in the electricity tariff in Brazil considering the regulatory basis/update and additional aspects like prosumer as a new player in the electricity market, diversification of renewable sources in the energy and in the electricity matrix, financing of investments in distributed generation, electricity supply versus GDP growth, and security of electricity supply to the country.     

电动机无功就地补偿技术及应用

就电力供需矛盾及用电存在的问题，阐述了控制无功流动的意义及补偿装置的位置选择，着重介绍了无功补偿电容容量的计算方法和使用无功补偿的特点意义，并介绍了我省从事该技术的企业产品情况，对我省工业企业有较高的指导价值。     

Improving the energy efficiency of an islanded distribution network using classical and innovative computation methods

The paper presents the analysis of some potentially suitable actions for reducing the energy losses of an islanded Medium Voltage distribution network, with the aim of improving electricity distribution efficiency. For this purpose, four actions are considered: 1) increasing the network's rated voltage; 2) reactive power compensation through static capacitor banks; 3) reactive power compensation through switchable capacitor banks; 4) installation of distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation. The first two measures are typically taken into account by the distribution system operators and can be examined by means of classical design methods, whereas the latter two more innovative actions are tested here using specialized software based on the NSGA-II multi-objective optimization algorithm. The fourth action, expanding distributed PV generation, can be motivated through public or private incentives. It is investigated here using an innovative approach to the optimization problem formulation considering the perspectives of both the utility and the consumer. A case study on a small Mediterranean island real existing network is also presented.     

Service quality,technical efficiency and total factor productivity growth in Pakistan's post-reform electricity distribution companies

Pakistan's energy sector has undergone substantial reforms during the last three decades with the aim to improve its operational performance and to cater to the growing energy needs of the economy. In the wake of these reforms, the WAPDA Act was passed in 1998 to achieve operational and financial efficiencies. Pakistan's electricity market is still hampered by issues like extended blackouts, electricity thefts, high circular debt and poor service quality. The electricity distribution sector is thus an interesting case to investigate its efficiency in the post-reform period by examining the impact of service-quality parameters (SQPs), which have generally been neglected in the literature. Stochastic frontier analysis has been used to estimate technical efficiency, while the Malmquist Productivity Index is implemented to decompose total factor productivity (TFP) into scale change, technical change and efficiency change from 2006 to 2016. We conclude that the technical efficiency score declines from 98 percent to 36 percent with the inclusion of SQPs in the models. The results also indicate a negative trend in scale change, implying that distribution companies are not operating at the technically optimal scale. We propose that the regulatory body should change its governance regime and focus on incentive-based regulation instead of rate-of-return regulation.     

不同气候条件下楼宇分布式供能系统性能分析

以某宾馆建筑为例,对该宾馆楼宇分布式供能系统在我国4种不同气候条件下采用以电定热、以热定电两种运行模式的性能差异进行了节能性、经济性分析。以热定电运行模式比以电定热运行模式节能,但受电、燃气价格的影响,经济性并不是总比以电定热模式优。由于不同地区电、燃气价存在差异,在不同气候条件下应用楼宇分布式供能系统的经济性差别较大。     

Electricity end-use characteristics of air-cooled chillers in hotels in Hong Kong

This paper presents the operating efficiency of air-cooled chillers in three existing hotels and investigates the extent to which the annual electricity consumption can decrease by improving their efficiency. Chillers in these hotels tend to be improperly staged, causing their seasonal efficiency to rise by 0.05–0.12 kW/kW from a full load efficiency of 0.32 kW/kW. When chiller sequencing is restored, their seasonal efficiency could be enhanced to 0.34 kW/kW, which corresponds to an 8.8–22.7% drop in their annual electricity consumption. It is possible to further decrease the annual electricity consumption by 27.0–38.6% when the chillers operate under floating condensing temperature control instead of head pressure control. The implications of improved chiller efficiency for reducing the electricity demand of hotels are discussed.     

输变电工程利益相关方利益均衡分配研究

随着输变电工程建设进一步发展,在建设过程中,输变电工程项目的利益分配问题得到了国内专家学者的密切关注,缺乏兼顾公平和效率的收益分配方法是很重要的因素之一。基于利益相关者理论和利益相关者满意,在Shapley 值法分配模型的基础上,充分考虑各利益相关方的资源投入、风险分摊和利益相关者满意度等因素结合利益分配补偿机制,Nash 协商模型等等,研究输变电工程项目最终的利益分配模型。并将建立的模型应用到工程实例中,验证了模型的可行性和有效性。