PET-PEG嵌段共聚物纤维和PET/PET-PEG共混纤维的吸湿性和抗静电性能研究

本文对PET-PEG嵌段共聚物的可纺性、PET-PEG纤维和PET/PET-PEG共混纤维的吸湿性和抗静电性能进行了研究,探讨了共混纤维的抗静电机理。发现随PEG含量的增加,PET-PEG嵌段共聚物的可纺性变差,但纤维的吸湿性和抗静电性能提高,抗静电耐久性变差。PEG在PET-PEG纤维和PET/PET-PEG共混纤维中的导电机理为质子导电。PEG含量为30wt％(占 TPA)的PET-PEG嵌段共聚物与PET的共混纤维具有工业化前途。     

PA6/PET共混熔体流变性能和成丝过程的研究

本文对PA6/PET共混物的流变性能及其对可纺性的影响进行了研究。结果表明:共混熔体的非牛顿指数减小,弹性明显增大,因此,PA6与PET共混后可纺性下降。经再造粒虽对其可纺性有所改善,但成丝的性能变差。纺丝时在纺程上部必须设保温缓冷段才能纺丝。拉伸工艺对纤维的结构和性能影响很大。随PET含量的提高,共混纤维的强度下降,抗张模量增大。     

热致性液晶共聚酯-PET共混体的可纺性及纤维的性能

通过流变性能、表面张力等的测试对 PHB/PET(60/40)共聚酯与 PET 共混体的可纺性及加工条件进行了讨论。用改制的熔融指数仪纺制了不同配比的共混纤维,并测定了初生纤维及拉伸丝的力学性能,通过偏光显微镜、扫描电镜、DSC 测定了纤维结构。共混体在300℃熔融,280℃纺丝,当共聚酯含量在6.6%以下时,共混体有较好的可纺性。共聚酯含量在3.3%时,纤维有较好的强度与模量,与同等条件下纺制的纯 PET 纤维相比,强度提高70%,模量可提高两倍多。     

玉石粉/PET共混切片流变性能及可纺性研究

将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)和玉石粉按一定质量比例共混熔融,制备出含玉石粉质量分数为0~1.8%的玉石粉/PET共混切片(简称共混切片)。分析了玉石粉含量对共混切片的流变性能、可纺性及玉石粉/PET预取向丝(POY)力学性能的影响。结果表明:随剪切速率的增加,共混切片黏度下降,其熔体为切力变稀流体;在相同剪切速率下,随着玉石粉含量增加,共混切片表观黏度变小,提高熔体温度,共混切片表观黏度变小;纺丝过程中,玉石粉质量分数超过1%时,断头现象增加;采用合适的喷丝孔孔径,有利于改善熔体的可纺性;随着玉石粉含量增加,纤维断裂强度和断裂伸长率都显著减少。     

PMMA/PET共混体系可纺性及纤维的结构与性能

研究了PMMA/PET共混纤维的可纺性和拉伸性,并测定了拉伸丝的力学性能、取向和结晶结构。结果表明,PMMA的加入可以延迟PET的成形,减小纤维的取向,提高PMMA/PET卷绕丝的断裂伸长,从而提高纤维的后拉伸倍数,提高纤维的生产效率;PMMA的加入量在5％以下时,不影响纤维的可纺性;PMMA/PET共混纤维拉伸丝的强度和断裂伸长可达到常规PET纤维的要求;扫描电镜照片显示,PMMA以棒状形式分散在PET基体中,分散直径为1μm左右。     

仿真丝改性涤纶研究——Ⅱ.改性涤纶树脂可纺性

PET-SIPM和PET-SIPM-PEG改性涤纶树脂与纯PET树脂按一定的配比进行共混熔融纺丝,制得仿真丝改性涤纶。讨论了改性涤纶树脂的热性能和流变性能对其可纺性的影响,并对改性涤纶纺丝工艺控制及纤维的结构和性能进行了论述。研究表明,PET-SIPM/PET和PET-SIPM-PEG(M_n=200)/PET改性涤纶的可纺性与纯涤纶相匹敌,符合仿真丝纤维的要求。     

PET/PBT共混体系的纺丝性能及纤维性能研究

选取 PET/ PBT配比 90 / 10的共混物作为纺丝实验样品 ,采用常规纺丝及后加工工艺对其纺丝性能进行了研究 ,采用 DSC、SEM、X-衍射以及常规物性测试方法对共混纤维的常规性能和微观结构进行了研究表征。结果表明 ,PET/ PBT共混体系在本文实验条件下具有良好的可纺性和后加工性能 ,纤维的各项指标均接近或超过 DT丝一等品的要求 ,其结晶速度快和结晶度较高的特性是影响其纤维性能的关键。     

共混改性聚丙烯的研究

用双螺杆共混挤压机和熔融纺丝机,以PET、PE、EVA及另一牌号的PP对聚丙烯进行共混改性,讨论了这些共混物或共混纤维的相容性、流动性、可纺性和染色性。     

PET/PC复合材料的制备及其流变性能研究

利用双螺杆挤出机制备了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)与聚碳酸酯(PC)共混体系,并利用毛细管流变仪对共混体系的流变性能进行了系统研究。结果表明:PET/PC共混体系为典型的假塑性流体,其表观黏度随PC含量的增加而明显降低;共混体系的非牛顿指数n随温度升高而逐渐增大;PET及PET/PC共混体系的黏流活化能较大,且随剪切速率的增加而降低,属于温敏性流体,而小分子量的PC对温度并不敏感,为切敏性流体。     

导电纤维的研究开发——第Ⅳ报海-岛结构导电纤维的制备

用Cul(含量<25％)、聚醚(PEO)及烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)组成的导电共混物与PET熔融混纺,制备了白色导电纤维,研究了纤维的可纺性、拉伸性、力学性能、耐洗性及导电性。发现所得导电纤维是以PET为海,导电共混物为岛的“海-岛”结构,岛相呈细长,连续的网络分布,其形态结构和性质对纤维性能影响极大。     

Rheological Properties of PC/EVA Blend Compatibilized with the Transesterification

The rheological properties of PC/EVA blends had been investigated by a Haake torque rheometer. The effects of blending temperature, a polycarbonate and a catalyst on the rheological properties of PC/EVA blends were discussed. The transesterification between PC and EVA, catalyzed by dibutyl tin oxide (DBTO), were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The results indicate that the chain break of PC or EVA can be accelerated by DBTO, which induces the equilibrium torque of PC or EVA to decrease as the DBTO content increases. But for the PC/EVA blend, as the blending temperature of increases, the increase of viscosity induced by the generation of the PC-EVA copolymer exceeds the decrease of viscosity induced by the chain break of PC and EVA. Therefore, the equilibrium torque of the PC/EVA blend with varying DBTO content is higher than that of uncatalyzed PC/EVA blend at the higher temperature, 250°C, compared with the lower temperature, 210°C. The content of PC in the blend influences the probability of transesterification and the generation of PC-EVA copolymer. The PC/EVA blend with 50 wt. %PC has the highest torque compared with the other blends.     

Rheological behavior comparison between PET/HDPE and PC/HDPE microfibrillar blends

The rheological behaviors of in situ microfibrillar blends, including a typical semicrystalline/semicrystalline (polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)) and a typical amorphous/semicrystalline (polycarbonate (PC)/HDPE) polymer blend were investigated in this study. PET and PC microfibrils exhibit different influences on the rheological behaviors of microfibrillar blends. The viscosity of the microfibrillar blends increases with increased PET and PC concentrations. Surprisingly, the length/diameter ratio of the microfibrils as a result of the hot stretch ratio (HSR) has an opposite influence on the rheological behavior of the two microfibrillar blends. The stretched PET/HDPE blend exhibits higher viscosity than the unstretched counterpart, while the stretched PC/HDPE blend exhibits lower viscosity than the unstretched blend. The data obtained in this study will be helpful for constructing a technical foundation for the recycling and utilization of PET, PC, and HDPE waste mixtures by manufacturing microfibrillar blends in the future. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 45:1231–1238, 2005. © 2005 Society of Plastics Engineers     

PC／PET／催化剂（或抑制剂）共混体系的结晶性及相形态的研究

本文采用ＤＳＣ、ＰＬＭ和ＳＥＭ研究了共混比、共混时间及酯交换反应的催化剂、抑制剂对ＰＣ／ＰＥＴ共混体系的结构、形态的影响。结果表明：ＰＣ／ＰＥＴ是一个部分相容体系；在同等条件下，适当延长共混时间，可使ＰＣ、ＰＥＴ间的相容性变好，但同时严重阻碍ＰＥＴ的结晶；催化剂和抑制剂的加入可以改善ＰＥＴ的结晶性能，提高ＰＥＴ的结晶速率，并且改变体系的相形态，形成结构、性能相异的共混物。这些影响有些是由于它们对酯交换反应的影响而造成，有些则与它们本身的性质有关。     

Effect of blending sequence on the morphology and impact toughness of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/polycarbonate blends

The morphology of PET/PC/E‐GMA‐MA blends made by different mixing sequences was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results suggest that migration of the E‐GMA‐MA copolymer from the PET phase to the PC phase occurred during the mixing of the (PET/E‐GMA‐MA) pre‐blend with the PC at 10% copolymer content. As a result of the migration, the E‐GMA‐MA particles are located in the PC phase rather than in the PET phase. This finding is not in agreement with the prediction made previously by others based on the possible reaction between the epoxy group of GMA and carboxyl group of PET. Core‐shell (PC/E‐GMA‐MA) particles formed in situ during blending and the size of the core‐shell particles was controlled by the blending sequence used. Mechanical properties of the ternary blends were tested at various temperatures. Although the blending sequence does not have a noticeable effect on the yield strength and modulus of the blends, it has a strong influence on the morphology formed, which determines the impact toughness. For blends made under optimum processing conditions, the brittle‐ductile transition occurred at a lower temperature and lower elastomer content. A study of the toughening mechanism suggested that the major toughening events were cavitation plus matrix shear yielding. It is postulated that the very high impact toughness found with the (PC/E‐GMA‐MA)/PET blend (at 10% E‐GMA‐MA) originated from the bimodal particle size distribution of the core‐shell particles formed in situ.     

Rheological hybrid effect in dually filled polycarbonate melt containing liquid crystalline polymer

Polycarbonate (PC)/liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) blends dually filled with glass fiber and nano‐SiO₂ were prepared by melt blending, with the use of a commercial Vectra A130 as the source of LCP and glass fiber. In these dually filled PC/LCP melts, rheological hybrid effect occurred, confirmed by the melt viscosity of the quadruple polymer blends decreased with increasing nano‐silica loading, influenced by the minor LCP phase in the blend. The drastic viscosity reduction closely correlates with the deformation and fibrillation of LCP droplets in the system. The LCP fibrillation was controlled jointly by the thermodynamic and hydrodynamic driving forces. Finally, the dually filled PC/LCP melt had decreased viscosity lower than those of pure PC, silica‐filled PC, and PC/Vectra A130 blends, and furthermore had decreased glass fiber breakage, shown by larger average aspect ratio than that in PC/Vectra A130 blends. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Properties of ultrasound-assisted blends of poly(ethylene terephthalate) with polycarbonate

This study investigated the effect of ultrasound irradiation on blends of polyethylene terephtalate (PET) and polycarbonate (PC). The blends of PET/PC were prepared by a twin-screw extruder with an attached ultrasonic device. Thermal, rheological, and mechanical properties and morphology of the blends with and without sonication have been analyzed. The two distinct T_gs of the blends measured by DSC showed immiscibility over all compositions. The theoretical PET content that is miscible in PC-rich phase calculated using the Fox equation showed that ultrasonic waves made the blends more miscible. From mechanical test results, when sonication was not applied, the 20/80 blend was the most miscible composition. At that composition, the impact strength of sonicated blend was surprisingly high. It was believed to be due to the enhancement of compatibility by a reaction such as transesterification. The results from the morphology of the 20/80 sonicated blend were in agreement with DSC and impact test results.     

Recycling poly(ethylene terephtalate) wastes: Properties of poly(ethylene terephtalate)/polycarbonate blends and the effect of a transesterification catalyst

The article addresses the issue of recycling of poly(ethylene terephtalate) (PET) by melt blending with polycarbonate (PC). PET/PC blends containing various amounts of the immiscible polymers were prepared in a twin‐screw extruder. Selected compositions were also prepared in the presence of an Sn‐based catalyst to assess the influence of transesterification during melt mixing. The degree of miscibility in the blends was studied using differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical testing. PET/PC blends exhibit enhanced tensile properties in comparison to neat components for compositions of PET higher than 50% and these properties are improved by the addition of a transesterification catalyst. The PET/PC blend containing 20 wt% of PC, prepared with stannous octoate, shows the smallest size of the dispersed phase because of transesterification reactions that generate copolymer molecules at the interface between the immiscible polymers. The melting temperature of PET is decreased with the increase of the PC content in blends extruded in the presence of the catalyst. Also, the temperatures of the cold crystallization of PET are higher than those of similar blends without added catalyst. Both features give rise to better molding properties because of a shortening of the cooling time in the range of 50–90 wt% of PET. POLYM. ENG. SCI. 46:1378–1386, 2006. © 2006 Society of Plastics Engineers     

PETG/PC共混物的制备及结构性能研究

采用双螺杆挤出机将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯( PETG)与聚碳酸酯(PC)熔融共混,制备PETG/PC共混物,研究了共混物的透明性、力学性能、微观形态结构以及流变性等性能.研究发现,制备的PETG/PC共混物透光率约为91%;PETG、PC相容性很好;PETG/PC共混物为韧性断裂;随着PC含量的增...     

Preparation of the anhydride terminated polycarbonate and its reactive compatibilization with polystyrene

Polycarbonate with anhydride end groups (PC‐anh) was prepared by the reaction between polycarbonate having hydroxyl end groups (PC‐OH) and trimellitic anhydride chloride (TMAC). Hydroxyl or anhydride terminated polycarbonates were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The reaction of PC‐anh with polystyrene containing oxazoline reactive groups (RPS) was confirmed not only by the torque measurement during melt blending of these two but also by FTIR spectroscopy of the reactive blend obtained. Polycarbonate (PC) / polystyrene (PS) compatibilized blends were prepared by melt blending along with their reactive counterparts, PC‐anh and RPS in the Haake mixer. The morphologies of these blends were examined by the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The compatibilized blends with reactive components showed relatively finer morphologies than the uncompatibilized blend without reactive components. Izod impact strength and rheological property of these blends were also investigated. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 1338–1347, 2000     

Rheological behavior of polyester blend and mechanical properties of the polypropylene–polyester blend fibers

The article deals with method of preparation, rheological properties, phase structure, and morphology of binary blend of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and ternary blends of polypropylene (PP)/(PET/PBT). The ternary blend of PET/PBT (PES) containing 30 wt % of PP is used as a final polymer additive (FPA) for blending with PP and subsequent spinning. In addition commercial montane (polyester) wax Licowax E (LiE) was used as a compatibilizer for spinning process enhancement. The PP/PES blend fibers containing 8 wt % of polyester as dispersed phase were prepared in a two‐step procedure: preparation of FPA using laboratory twin‐screw extruder and spinning of the PP/PES blend fibers after blending PP and FPA, using a laboratory spinning equipment. DSC analysis was used for investigation of the phase structure of the PES components and selected blends. Finally, the mechanical properties of the blend fibers were analyzed. It has been found that viscosity of the PET/PBT blends is strongly influenced by the presence of the major component. In addition, the major component suppresses crystallinity of the minor component phase up to a concentration of 30 wt %. PBT as major component in dispersed PES phase increases viscosity of the PET/PBT blend melts and increases the tensile strength of the PP/PES blend fibers. The impact of the compatibilizer on the uniformity of phase dispersion of PP/PES blend fibers was demonstrated. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 4222–4227, 2006