微细旦PET超短纤维的生产工艺探讨

采用半消光PET切片熔融纺丝生产PET超短纤维,探讨了纺丝工艺和油剂对生产及纤维性能的影响.结果表明:控制PET切片的含水率小于30μg/g,组件初始压力8.5-10.0MPa,纺丝温度288-292℃,喷丝板单孔吐出量0.35-0.45g/min.纺丝速度1300-1500m/min,采用国产油剂TDS-2000A及...     

油剂及其他助剂

20033365射流成网用PP短纤维的纺丝油剂W 1 ld Chr;Chem.Fibers Int.,2000,50,(6),P.581-583(英)射流成网用聚丙烯短丝纺丝油剂stantex 56397是·种半永久性疏水性低泡沫产品,并改善了硬水的稳定性、不需要使用络合剂。在使用该纺丝油剂时聚丙烯纤维与粘胶纤维的混纺性能同PET/粘胶的相似。(汪兴华)纺丝油剂聚丙烯纤维疏水性 20033366纺丝油剂对尼龙6BCF丝的影响Gerds P.;Chemieal Fibers International,2001,51,(4),P .301一302(英)采用最佳的汕剂可以提高纤维的亲合力,增加纤维间的抱合力,起到防止丝条在生产过程中受到机械摩擦而…     

油剂及其他助剂

972356聚酉旨短纤维纺丝油剂Ring H.;Asian Textile Journal,1996,5,(2),p87-97(英)工业纺丝油剂的一篇评论概述了专用的纺丝油剂的功能和优点;聚醋纤维和棉纤维纺丝油剂的性质;在纤维生产和加工过程中纺丝油剂的作用,包括一个上油系统和两个上油系统,工业纺丝油剂化学和关于来自于Sehill+Seileher纺丝油剂的推荐;最近趋势,包括纤维制造和加工方面的发展,工艺和生态学的利害关系和Schill十Seilacher的新的环境允许的纺丝油剂;和传统的纺丝油剂,包括高温纤维的纺丝油剂,高模量纤维的纺丝油剂和硅氧烷和非硅氧烷纤维油剂。(张桂水) 972357…     

油剂及其他助剂

20123339最优化生产工业用丝的纺丝油剂Weigel Jurgen;Chemical Fibers International,2007,56(6),p.318(英)鉴于纺丝油剂的现行市场处境,开发能连续生产的新产品提供给客户,Clariant提供特种纺丝油剂产品,其独一无二的性能用于纤维和长丝的制备。(汪兴华)纺丝油剂新产品市场开发20123340选择聚合物静电纺溶剂的新方法     

化学纤维油剂的使用及新发展

<正> 化学纤维的生产与加工所用的纺丝油剂要比降低纤维本身的价格重要得多,如果考虑到纺丝油剂能够改进最终产品的话,那末它就显得更为重要。由于设备的更新、纤维混纺比的改变、加工条件以及生产条件的不断改革,必须充分注意纺丝油剂在应用和开发方面对此的适应性。此外,因开发了高速纺丝的新技术,在纤维上加大了应力以及其他因素的要求,都必须注意到油剂的适应性,所有这些都说明了应用油剂的重要。     

改善双头纺三叶有光83dtex/36f全拉伸丝织造性能的研究

采用双头纺技术,在嫁接PET FDY纺丝线生产三叶有光83dtex/36f FDY品种时,通过对纺丝温度、拉伸定型、油剂含量和网络压力等方面的优化改进,解决了该品种存在的整经毛羽多、织造效率低、染色有色点等缺陷,能较好适应喷水织机的要求。     

尼龙66工业丝用国产纺丝油剂的开发

为降低生产成本,保障主要原材料供应链安全,开发了尼龙66工业丝用国产纺丝油剂。与进口AZ-60油剂相比,该国产纺丝油剂的原油入厂检测pH值高,酸值、碱值低,外观透亮;乳液在常温下可以进行调配,但是调配浓度低且黏度也低。在纺丝生产过程中,两种油剂的在线使用情况、可纺性基本相近;在后序加捻及浸胶过程中,两种油剂制得的相同规格尼龙66工业丝的断裂强力及强力损失基本接近,浸胶帘子线性能也相当。综合生产实践可得,该国产纺丝油剂与进口AZ-60油剂的性能相近,可以满足尼龙66工业丝及浸胶帘子布生产需求。     

我国纺丝油剂现状及发展趋势

随着化纤工业的发展,我国纺丝油剂生产增长较快,但与国外公司相比尚未形成竞争优势。本文介绍了我国纺丝油剂生产发展现状,提出了存在的问题及对策。     

锦纶国产纺丝油剂性能的研究

通过分析国产“JLF-6206”全拉伸丝(FDY)纺丝油剂的基本物化指标、生产过程中张力、发烟量、染色性、上油均匀性等性能,并通过纺丝和下游织造试验验证该油剂对44.4 dtex/12f锦纶FDY可纺性的影响.通过与进口油剂“JL-101”做对比,得出国产纺丝油剂具备与进口油剂相似的使用效果,能满足44.4 dtex/...     

涤纶POY上油不匀的原因分析及对策

采用特性黏数为0.645 dL/g的半消光PET熔体直接纺丝生产135 dtex/72 f涤纶POY,从工艺及设备等分析了涤纶POY上油不匀的原因,并提出了解决措施。结果表明:涤纶POY上油不匀的主要原因是油嘴丝路不正确、出油不连续及油剂性能差等;控制油剂系统调配槽、高位槽、现场槽的工艺温度分别为35,25,20℃,油剂泵转速大于8 r/min,油剂调配时间小于1 h,丝束与油嘴接触夹角为5°,可以有效避免涤纶POY上油不匀,纤维的条干不匀率可降低至1.25%。     

Rheological behavior of polyester blend and mechanical properties of the polypropylene–polyester blend fibers

The article deals with method of preparation, rheological properties, phase structure, and morphology of binary blend of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and ternary blends of polypropylene (PP)/(PET/PBT). The ternary blend of PET/PBT (PES) containing 30 wt % of PP is used as a final polymer additive (FPA) for blending with PP and subsequent spinning. In addition commercial montane (polyester) wax Licowax E (LiE) was used as a compatibilizer for spinning process enhancement. The PP/PES blend fibers containing 8 wt % of polyester as dispersed phase were prepared in a two‐step procedure: preparation of FPA using laboratory twin‐screw extruder and spinning of the PP/PES blend fibers after blending PP and FPA, using a laboratory spinning equipment. DSC analysis was used for investigation of the phase structure of the PES components and selected blends. Finally, the mechanical properties of the blend fibers were analyzed. It has been found that viscosity of the PET/PBT blends is strongly influenced by the presence of the major component. In addition, the major component suppresses crystallinity of the minor component phase up to a concentration of 30 wt %. PBT as major component in dispersed PES phase increases viscosity of the PET/PBT blend melts and increases the tensile strength of the PP/PES blend fibers. The impact of the compatibilizer on the uniformity of phase dispersion of PP/PES blend fibers was demonstrated. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 4222–4227, 2006     

PBT／PET并列型复合纺丝的研究

就ＰＢＴ、ＰＥＴ两种聚合物材料的流变性能和ＰＢＴ／ＰＥＴ并列型复合纤维的熔纺温度之间的关系进行了讨论，指出ＰＢＴ宜低温熔融、高温纺丝，ＰＥＴ则相反．同时．还考察了复合比对初生丝热性能、ＤＴ丝卷缩性能的影响，表明随着ＰＢＴ组份量的增加，Ｔｇ转变和冷结晶放热峰移向较低温位．且后者峰面积相应缩小；ＰＢＴ熔融吸热峰面积增大．ＰＥＴ的则相应缩小；ＤＴ丝的卷缩率增大．卷缩稳定性则变差．此外．还就纺丝速度对初生丝热性能和结晶度的影响进行了探讨．发现随着纺丝速度的提高，初生丝ＤＳＣ扫描曲线上的冷结晶移向较低温位，而两组份的熔融吸热峰似无变化；初生丝结晶应随纺速的提高而略有增加．但增幅不大．     

聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)球晶形态结构和取向的研究

本文用小角激光散射仪和偏光显微镜观察了PBT的球晶形态。由于结晶条件不同而产生寻常球晶和非寻常球晶。与PET比较可知,由于其分子结构的少许差异,而使球晶形态受到很大影响,PBT和PET纤维的双折射率都随纺速的提高而增大,但在同一纺速条件下PBT纤维的双折射率要高得多。     

PET/PBT共混体系的纺丝性能及纤维性能研究

选取 PET/ PBT配比 90 / 10的共混物作为纺丝实验样品 ,采用常规纺丝及后加工工艺对其纺丝性能进行了研究 ,采用 DSC、SEM、X-衍射以及常规物性测试方法对共混纤维的常规性能和微观结构进行了研究表征。结果表明 ,PET/ PBT共混体系在本文实验条件下具有良好的可纺性和后加工性能 ,纤维的各项指标均接近或超过 DT丝一等品的要求 ,其结晶速度快和结晶度较高的特性是影响其纤维性能的关键。     

PBT/PEG/LA可降解聚醚酯的合成及纺丝研究

采用对苯二甲酸二甲酯(DNT)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)、聚乙二醇(PEG)和乳酸(LA)合成了聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)/PEG/LA可降解聚醚酯,通过纺丝制备了PBT/PEG/LA共聚物纤维。结果表明:红外光谱和核磁共振分析所得聚合物为PBT/PEG/LA。PBT/PEG/LA共聚物在50℃真空预干燥5 h,80℃干燥5 h,控制纺丝温度高于聚醚酯熔点15～30℃可顺利纺丝,纤维质量良好。随着拉伸倍数、热定型温度或时间的增加,纤维的断裂强度提高.断裂伸长率下降。LA摩尔分数高,有利于纤维降解,但纤维熔点和断裂强度相应下降。     

PBT/PET conjugated fibers: Melt spinning,fiber properties,and thermal bonding

This work examines the PBT/PET sheath/core conjugated fiber, with reference to melt spinning, fiber properties and thermal bonding. Regarding the rheological behaviors in the conjugated spinning, PET and PBT show the smallest difference between their melt‐viscosity at temperatures of 290°C and 260°C respectively, which has been thought to represent optimal spinning conditions. The effect of processing parameters on the crystallinity of core material‐PET was observed and listed. In order of importance, these factors are the draw ratio, the heat‐set temperature, and the drawing temperature. The crystallinity of sheath material‐PBT, however, can be considered to be constant, independent of any processing parameters. The bulk orientation, rather than the crystallinity of PET core, dominates the tenacity of PBT/PET sheath/core fiber. Moreover, heat‐set treatment after drawing is recommended to yield a highly oriented conjugated fiber. With respect to thermal bonding, PBT/PET conjugated fibers processed via high draw ratio but low‐temperature heat setting can form optimal thermal bonds at a constant bonding temperature of 10°C above the T_m of PBT.     

Thermal stability of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)

The first-order thermal degradation rates of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) [PTT] at 240-280 °C under non-oxidative conditions have been determined from the increase in allyl endgroups (¹H NMR) which closely match the rates determined from the decrease in molecular weight (intrinsic viscosity). Consequently, the predominant thermal degradation mechanism of PTT is consistent with concerted, electrocyclic oxo retro-ene chain cleavage under conditions pertinent to viable polymerization processes and efficient downstream extrusion and spinning into fiber. Although catalysts, additives and other reaction variables can influence the thermo-oxidative stability of polyesters including PTT, these factors have been found to have little or no effect on PTT thermal degradation rates under non-oxidative environments. The thermal stability of poly(butylene terephthalate) [PBT] has also been determined from butenyl endgroups (NMR) and molecular weight (IV). The activation energies (E_a) for both PTT and PBT thermal chain cleavage are similar to the reported E_as for poly(ethylene terephthalate) [PET] degradation, which is further supported by semi-empirical molecular orbital calculations on model compounds. However, both PTT and PBT undergo molecular weight decrease faster than PET. The apparent slower chain cleavage of PET is attributed to the contribution of productive chain propagation reactions due to unstable vinyl endgroups which alters the equilibrium stoichiometry compared to the relatively stable endgroups of PTT and PBT.     

PET/PBT双组份弹性细旦纤维纺丝工艺研究

针对PET/PBT双组份弹性纤维(以下简称双弹纤维,规格55 dtex/24f)断头率高、外观有毛圈丝、染色不均的问题,生产中通过实验原料、切片结晶干燥设备、螺杆相关设备、纺丝箱体温度、HT2温度等因素分析找出最佳工艺条件,解决了双弹纤维断头率低和染色M率低的问题,从而降低原料消耗,增加企业的经济效益.     

The fine structure of bicomponent polyester fibers

The application of alkaline hydrolysis to study the change in the fine structure of bicomponent polyester fibers as their surface is removed progressively was explored. The samples were prepared with a poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) sheath and a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) core. The reagent used to hydrolyze the PBT was 1M NaOH in 75/25 methanol to water since it appeared to react topochemically with the fiber. The solution reacted more rapidly with PET than with PBT. Thus, when necessary to retard the weight loss of the bicomponent fibers, after a 2‐h hydrolysis with this reagent to remove PBT, it was replaced with aqueous 1M NaOH solution containing 0.1% cetrimmonium bromide. Unlike homofil PET or PBT fibers, where alkaline attack appeared to be confined to the surface and left the residue relatively smooth, the bicomponent fiber was attacked unevenly, and penetration to the PET core occurred before all the PBT at the surface was removed. Nevertheless, most of the reaction was confined initially to the PBT sheath. The tenacity and extension at break of the PBT–PET fiber passed through a maximum as hydrolysis progressed. The fall in tenacity at high weight losses is ascribed to increasing surface defects in the fiber surface. After removal of the PBT by the hydrolysis, the birefringence of the residue became progressively higher. The synergistic effect of the PBT sheath on the properties of the PET core and the possible causes of the nonuniform hydrolysis at the PBT surface are discussed. An equation is proposed that includes an interaction parameter, which can be utilized to determine which property is affected most by the hydrolysis of a bicomponent fiber. In this instance, it appears from the parameters that the order is strength > extension at break ≈ birefringence. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 71: 1163–1173, 1999     

PBT纤维生产工艺探讨及应用

本文研究了在常规纺速下,纺丝速度、纺丝温度、冷却成形、卷绕张力、平衡时间、拉伸温度、拉伸倍数、捻度、超喂率、变形温度等对PBT生产工艺的影响。认为切片粘度在0.98～1.1;纺丝温度在257～259℃;纺丝速度900～1200m/nim;拉伸倍数小于3;拉伸温度50℃左右;捻度略高于涤纶;变形温度165～210℃时纤维可纺性及后加工性能良好,能常压沸染,弹性及弹性回复优于涤纶、锦纶。该纤维能广泛应用于针织、色织、毛纺等行业。