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考虑到电动汽车的普及,对充电站的需求越来越大,合理规划充电站是保证快速发展电动汽车的一项重要举措。根据某地区现有电动汽车的保有量,考察电动汽车的集中充电所需最大负荷,结合市场充电站的固定建设成本、运维成本、用户充电途中的耗时成本以及电池配送成本,综合考虑上述几种主要成本因素,以总成本最小为目标函数,建立充电站的规划模型。将交叉操作引入到PSO算法中,加强了PSO算法后期的寻优能力,通过采用加权Voronoi图和GA-PSO算法对模型进行计算。结果表明,在结合了多种成本并考虑用户需求的情况下,能够使得规划方法达到最优。 相似文献
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城市电动汽车保有量快速增长使充电站优化规划问题日益受到配电网规划领域的广泛关注。综合考虑城市交通流量空间分布特征与配电网络运行约束,提出了一种基于交通流量空间分布的公共充电站优化规划方法。首先建立城市交通流量分布单元模型,构建城市交通流量样本空间,用局部流量密度分析充电站服务范围内交通流量,用分布间距分析总体布局均衡性。然后以每个充电站周围具有较大交通流量密度、充电站站点分布均衡同时最优构建目标函数,结合城市交通流量分布和电动汽车保有量分析充电容量约束,基于充电容量分析电网运行潮流和电压偏移约束,采用聚类算法搜索发现局部流量密度和分布间距峰值,进行优化迭代,实现考虑交通流量的电动汽车充电站优化规划。最后以某规划区域为例,证明了该方法可为电动汽车充电站的优化规划提供依据。 相似文献
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近年来,随着电动汽车的不断增多,其充电需求给配电网的规划和运行带来了一系列的问题。为解决这一问题,该文提出一种考虑安全效能成本的配电网充电站多目标规划方法。首先,构建考虑电压质量的配电网安全效能成本指标体系,然后在此基础上构建充电站规划模型,并采用向量序优化算法进行求解。最后通过基于25节点交通系统和IEEE33节点配电网系统的算例验证了该模型和算法的有效性和可行性。 相似文献
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随着电动汽车的普及和清洁能源装机容量的日益增加,光储充电站展现出广阔的应用前景。针对电动汽车随机接入影响下光储充电站功率难以精准调控的问题,提出基于分布鲁棒联合机会约束(DRJCC)的光储充电站滚动优化调控模型。将基于混合整数规划(MIP)的精确DRJCC模型、基于CVaR-Slim凸松弛的DRJCC模型、基于Bonferroni不等式的DRJCC模型进行对比,通过算例分析验证了所提优化调控模型的有效性。算例分析表明,所提基于CVaR-Slim凸松弛的DRJCC模型能够同时满足更多电动汽车的充电需求。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2023,48(77):29835-29851
The layout of electric vehicles charging stations and hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs) is more and more necessary with the development of electric vehicles (EVs) and progress in hydrogen energy storage technology. Due to the high costs of HRSs and the low demand for hydrogen, it is difficult for independent HRSs to make a profit. This study focuses on the dynamic planning of energy supply stations on highways in the medium and long term, considering the growth of EV charging demand and the change in the proportion of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs). Based on the perspective of renewable energy generators (REGs), this study seeks the dynamic optimal configuration and comprehensive benefits of adding HRS and battery to existing EVCS considering the travel rules of new energy vehicles (NEVs). The results show that (1) It is profitable for REGs to invest in HRSs; (2) The economy of investment in batteries by REGs depends on the source-load matching. It is feasible only when the output of renewable energy is difficult to meet the demand. (3) The business model of REGs producing hydrogen on-site and supplying both electricity and hydrogen is feasible. 相似文献
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Recently, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) are becoming more attractive than internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV). Hence, design and modeling of charging stations (CSs) has vital importance in distribution system level. In this paper, a new formulation for PHEV charging stations is presented with the strategic presence of wind power generation (WPG). This study considers constraints of the system losses, the regulatory voltage limits, and the charge/discharge schedule of PHEV based on the social behavior of drivers for appropriate placement of PHEV charging stations in electricity grid. The role of CSs and WPG units must be correctly assessed to optimize the investment and operation cost for the whole system. However, the wind generation owners (WGOs) have different objective functions which might be contrary to the objectives of distribution system manager (DSM). It is assumed that aggregating and management of charge/discharge program of PHEVs are smartly carried out by DSM. This paper presents a long-term bi-objective model for optimal planning of PHEV charging stations and WPG units in distribution systems which simultaneously optimize two objectives, namely the benefits of DSM and WGO. It also considers the uncertainty of load growth, electricity price and PHEV access to the charging station using Mont-Carlo simulation (MCS) method. Initial state of charge uncertainty is also modeled based on scenario approach in PHEV batteries and wind turbine power generation using weibull distribution. Non dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is used to solve the optimization problem. The simulation has been conducted on the nine-bus system. 相似文献
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Electric vehicles (EVs) present efficiency and environmental advantages over conventional transportation. It is expected that in the next decade this technology will progressively penetrate the market. The integration of plug-in electric vehicles in electric power systems poses new challenges in terms of regulation and business models. This paper proposes a conceptual regulatory framework for charging EVs. Two new electricity market agents, the EV charging manager and the EV aggregator, in charge of developing charging infrastructure and providing charging services are introduced. According to that, several charging modes such as EV home charging, public charging on streets, and dedicated charging stations are formulated. Involved market agents and their commercial relationships are analysed in detail. The paper elaborates the opportunities to formulate more sophisticated business models for vehicle-to-grid applications under which the storage capability of EV batteries is used for providing peak power or frequency regulation to support the power system operation. Finally penetration phase dependent policy and regulatory recommendations are given concerning time-of-use pricing, smart meter deployment, stable and simple regulation for reselling energy on private property, roll-out of public charging infrastructure as well as reviewing of grid codes and operational system procedures for interactions between network operators and vehicle aggregators. 相似文献
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《全球能源互联网(英文)》2019,2(2):150-159
The demand for fast charging is increasing owing to the rapid expansion of the market for electric vehicles. In addition, the power generation technology for distributed photovoltaic has matured. This paper presents a design scheme for a fast charging station for electric vehicles equipped with distributed photovoltaic power generation system taking the area with certain conditions in Beijing as an example construction site. The technical indexes and equipment lectotype covering the general framework and subsystems of the charging station are determined by analyzing the charging service demand of fast charging stations. In this study, the layout of the station is developed and the operation benefits of the station is analyzed. The design scheme realizes the design objective of “rationalization, modularization and intelligentization” of the fast charging station and can be used as reference for the construction of a fast charging network in urban area. 相似文献
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Electric,plug-in hybrid,hybrid, or conventional? Polish consumers’ preferences for electric vehicles
Poland aims at stimulating the market to reach a target of 50,000 plug-in and battery electric vehicles by 2020. However, as in other Eastern European countries, the market penetration stays very low. In Poland, there were only 475 battery electric vehicles and 514 plug-in electric vehicles registered in 2017. To identify effective support measures, this paper examines the preferences of Polish consumers for three types of electric vehicles: battery, hybrid, and plug-in hybrid vehicles. We use a discrete choice experiment to estimate the willingness to pay of a representative sample of consumers intending to buy a car in Poland. We find that electric vehicles are significantly less preferred than conventional cars, even under a public programme that would enable slow-mode charging in places where respondents usually park. We quantify the marginal willingness to pay for increasing the driving range, reductions in charging time, the availability of fast-mode charging stations, and the provision of policy incentives. The novelty of the paper lies in presenting a scenario with the slow-mode and availability of several levels of fast-mode charging stations and examination of the extent to which the heterogeneity of consumer preferences is driven by place of residence (urban, suburban, rural), intention to buy a new versus a used car, and the annual mileage. This is also the first discrete choice experiment on electric vehicles conducted in Eastern Europe. To stimulate the electric vehicle market, we recommend a pricing policy that affects the operating costs and other incentives along with an effective up-front price incentive scheme. 相似文献
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电动汽车是解决能源和环境问题的重要手段之一,电动汽车充电设施是发展电动汽车所必须的重要配套基础设施。随着智能电网建设的推进及电动汽车的推广,电动汽车作为分散储能单元,成为智能电网的重要组成部分,必须将其纳入到智能电网建设的统一规划中。分析了电动汽车充电设施建设状况,影响因素,探讨了充电设施建设原则,提出了充电设施建设方案,并进行了风险评估。 相似文献
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Smart management of distinct plug‐in hybrid electric vehicle charging stations considering mobility pattern and site characteristics
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Management of plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) is an important alternative energy solution to accord the prevailing environmental depletion. However, adding PHEVs to the existing distribution network may stimulate issues such as increase in peak load, power loss, and voltage deviation. Addressing the aforementioned issues by incorporating distinct mobility patterns together will develop an attractive energy management. In this paper, suitable location of the charging station is presented for a novel 2‐area distribution system following distinct mobility patterns. A comprehensive study by considering the optimal, midst, and unfit site for placing the charging station is incorporated. For managing the charging sequence of PHEVs, a meta‐heuristic solving tool is developed. The main contribution of this programming model is its ability to schedule the vehicles simultaneously in both the areas. The efficiency of the proposed energy management framework is evaluated on the IEEE 33‐bus and IEEE 69‐bus distribution systems. The test system is subjected to different scenarios for demonstrating the superior performance of the proposed solving tool in satisfying the convenience of vehicle owner along with reducing the peak demand. The results show that charging at low electricity price period and discharging at high electricity price period enables the minimum operational cost. 相似文献
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With a potential to facilitate the integration of renewable energy into the electricity system, electric drive vehicles may offer a considerable flexibility by allowing for charging and discharging when desired. This paper takes the perspective of an aggregator that manages the electricity market participation of a vehicle fleet and presents a framework for optimizing charging and discharging of the electric drive vehicles, given the driving patterns of the fleet and the variations in market prices of electricity. When the aggregator is a price-taker the optimization can be stated in terms of linear programming whereas a quadratic programming formulation is required when he/she has market power. A Danish case study illustrates the construction of representative driving patterns through clustering of survey data from Western Denmark and the prediction of electricity price variations through regression on prices from the Nordic market. The results show that electric vehicles provide flexibility almost exclusively through charging. Moreover, the vehicles provide flexibility within the day but only limited flexibility from day to day when driving patterns are fixed. 相似文献
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Optimal dispatch of hydrogen/electric vehicle charging station based on charging decision prediction
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2023,48(69):26964-26978
The hydrogen/electric vehicle charging station (HEVCS) is widely regarded as a highly attractive system for facilitating the popularity of hydrogen and electric vehicles in the future. However, conventional optimal dispatch of HEVCS could lead to poor performance due to the lack of adequate consideration of vehicle charging decision behaviours and neglection of the impacts of different information sources on it. This paper investigates a charging demand prediction method that considers multi-source information and proposes a multi-objective optimal dispatching strategy of HEVCS. First, an information interaction framework of integrated road network, vehicles and HEVCS is introduced. Road network model and HEVCS model are established based on the proposed framework. To improve the flexibility of dispatch, two charging modes are designed, which are intended to guide drivers to adjust their consumption behaviour by electricity price incentives. Furthermore, psychologically based hybrid utility-regret decision model and Weber-Fechner (W–F) stimulus model are developed to reasonably predict drivers' choice of charging stations and charging modes. The daily revenue of HEVCS and the total queuing time of drivers are the objective functions considered in this paper simultaneously. The above multi-objective optimization results that the proposed strategy can effectively improve the benefits of HEVCS and reduce energy waste. Additionally, this paper discusses the results of a sensitivity analysis conducted by varying incentive discount, which reveals the combined benefits of the HEVCS and the vehicles are effectively increased by setting reasonable incentive discounts. 相似文献