Droplet orientation and optical properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal composite films

The electro-optic and thermo-optic properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films have been investigated. The effects of applied voltage and temperature on liquid crystal droplet morphology and its transmission characteristics were studied. Threshold voltage (V_th) and optical transmission increases with increasing temperature. It may be due to the reduction in effective voltage drop across the liquid crystal droplets in the composite matrix. The liquid crystal droplet size was found to vary in the range of 5–28 μm.     

Linear size gradient single layers of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal micrometer-sized droplets for diffractive optics

An experimental study of coherent light diffraction by wedge-formed single layers composed of liquid crystal (LC) micro-sized droplets dispersed in a transparent solid polymer matrix is reported. The micrometer-sized polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) material contains prolate-ellipsoid-like LC droplets with a linear-gradient size distribution along the wedge slope. The droplet diameter in the films reaches several tens of micrometers, defined by the wedge. Such a droplet organization in a two-dimensional layer provides both spatial and electrical control of the coherent light diffraction by the LC/polymer interface.     

Holographic grating formation in PVB doped polymer dispersed liquid crystal based on PUA

Different contents of poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) have been incorporated into the conventional holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) composition based on liquid crystal mixture and polyurethane acrylate (PUA) with a particular composition. As the PVB content is increased, the hardness, elastic modulus and thermal stability of polymer matrix are improved because of the entanglement by PVB, which has a relatively high molecular weight compared with PUA oligomer. Diffraction efficiency is enhanced with the addition of PVB except for HPDLC film with 10 wt.% PVB owing to augmentation of the phase separation between polymer and LC, caused by the increase of elasticity of the polymer matrix. However, the increase in viscosity on adding PVB produces a slow saturation time and coalescence of the LC droplet, showing a lower diffraction efficiency at the PVB content of 10 wt.% than at 0 wt.%.     

Effects of polymer viscosity on the polymerization switching and electro-optical properties of unaligned liquid crystal/UV curable polymer composites

Polymer dispersed ferroelectric liquid crystal composite films consisting of varying polymer viscosities were prepared by polymerization induced phase separation (PIPS) technique. It was found that polymer viscosity influences the polarization switching and optical responses. A polymer dispersed ferroelectric liquid crystal film of low polymer viscosity shows faster switching, however a higher optical transmission at ~ 70% was observed in a higher polymer viscosity film.     

Characteristics of di- and tri-block copolymers: polymer disperse liquid crystal display

In the reported work the block copolymers are used in the polymer disperse liquid crystal (PDLC) films. The present work has been performed to investigate the effect of block copolymer addition and block ratios on the PDLC characteristics. From our experimental finding, addition of block copolymer in PDLC shows variation in droplet size, electro-optical properties, extent of phase separation, and phase transition temperature. These finding indicate the alteration in solubility parameters of solutions with the addition of block copolymers. Moreover, the tri-block copolymer shows enlarge droplet size, enhancement in the degree of phase separation, and predict improvement in electro-optical properties, as compared to di-block copolymer. Similarly upon such comparison, the study suggests the tri-block copolymer have a relative lower molecular interaction with the liquid crystal molecules.     

聚合物分散液晶的相行为

针对聚合物分散液晶(PDLC)二元体系进行了研究，主要包括外加直流电场下制备的PDLC的相图研究以及PDLC形成过程中相分离情况。在PDLC制备过程中由于外加直流电场对小分子液晶的作用，使液晶在此二元结构中的清亮点发生变化。结果表明，直流电场的引入导致PDLC中液晶清亮点升高。相分离行为主要是跟踪PDLC形成过程中由于小分子液晶与高分子链段之间的排斥作用而引起的相分离，研究了不同条件下PDLC相分离的快慢。     

具有高对比度的快速响应聚合物分散液晶（PDLC）膜

通过对制膜材料的选择和制膜条件的精确控制，制备了具有高对比度的快速响应聚合物分散液晶膜。本文给出了实验结果并进行了简单的讨论。     

Theory and characteristics of holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal transmission grating with scaffolding morphology

We have performed a detailed characterization of the optical properties of a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (LC) transmission grating with polymer scaffolding morphology, which was fabricated with conventional high-functionality acrylate monomer under low curing intensity. Temporal evolution of the grating formation was investigated, and the amount of phase-separated LC was determined by birefringence investigation. A grating model combined with anisotropic coupled-wave theory yielded good agreement with experimental data without any fitting parameter. The results in this study demonstrate the non droplet scaffolding morphology grating is characterized by a high degree of phase separation (70%), high anisotropy, low scattering loss (<6%), and high diffraction efficiency (95%).     

液晶聚芳酰胺自组装膜的摩擦学性能

研究了液晶聚芳酰胺在表面羟基化载玻片上的自组装行为及液晶聚合物薄膜的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明．自组装液晶聚芳酰胺薄膜修饰的基底在低载荷下与Si3N4陶瓷球对磨时的摩擦系数非常低和稳定，耐磨寿命较其它聚酰胺类固体润滑膜更长。因此，自组装液晶聚芳酰胺超薄膜可以作为低载荷下硅基材料的减摩抗磨防护层。     

溶剂法制备聚合物分散液晶膜

用溶剂法制备了聚合物分散液晶膜。采用偏光显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和电光仪对相分离和聚合物分散液晶材料的电光性能作了初步探讨。研究结果表明，升温速度和聚合物含量对PDLC膜的相分离结构和响应电压有显著的影响。     

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯基网络稳定铁电液晶的制备及性能

通过热引发聚合制备了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯基网络稳定铁电液晶(PNSFLC)材料。采用热台偏光显微镜观察了由不同含量的甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)制备的PNSFLC样品的网络织构。采用紫外分光光度计在0～30V的电压条件下研究了PNSFLC样品的电光性能。采用阿贝折射仪在0～70℃范围内,研究了PSFLC的折射率随温度变化的关系。结果表明:随着(MMA)含量的增加,聚合物网络结构由稀疏至致密。当MMA含量为7%时,所制备的PNSFLC样品的电光响应比小分子液晶的电光性能成线性好,且该MMA含量的PNSFLC样品的热稳定性较好。     

一种新型PDLC薄膜电-光性能的研究

选用丙烯酸胆固醇酯/甲基丙烯酸β-羟乙酯/液晶复合体系,在紫外光照射下制备聚合物分散液晶薄膜.研究了两种丙烯酸酯类单体的配比对聚合物分散液晶薄膜的电-光性能的影响规律,由此确定了制备综合电-光性能优异的PDLC薄膜材料的最佳制备条件.     

超支化预聚物的合成及对聚合物分散液晶膜电光性能的影响

聚合物基体对聚合物分散液晶(PDLC)膜电光性能影响很大。文中,用不同比例单乙烯基和二乙烯基单体通过可逆加成-断裂链转移自由基聚合(RAFT)得到了一系列超支化聚合物。这些超支化聚合物可作为"活性"预聚物用于聚合诱导相分离(PIPS)来制备超支化树脂基PDLC膜。结果表明,添加不同预聚物导致不同的表面形貌,进而影响到阈值电压大小。驱动电压对聚合物基体分子量有一定的依赖性,分子量高的基体驱动电压相对较高。此外,滞后和记忆效应随基体支化度提高而减小,这可能与超支化结构增强了聚合物与液晶间的相互作用力有关。     

液晶性能对聚氨酯／液晶复合膜抗凝血性能的影响

合成了3种亲水性胆甾醇液晶化合物,HO-[CH2CH2]-nO-C∧‖O-O-Chol（n=2,3,4）,用元素分析法、红外光谱、差热分析以及偏光显微镜观察对其结构进行了表征,利用聚氨酯与上述液晶化合物制备复合膜,研究了液晶性能对聚合物/液晶复合膜抗凝血性能的影响,结果表明,胆甾醇液晶化合物有利于改善聚合物材料的抗凝血性能。     

Analysis of dichroic dye-doped polymer-dispersed liquid crystal materials for display devices

Dichroic polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (DPDLCs) based on nematic liquid crystal materials with azo dye were investigated in detail for the application of display devices. Polarizing optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimeter and electro-optic experiments all have shown that the DPDLC containing low concentration of dyes modifies the basic properties of these materials like optical transmission, threshold voltage, contrast ratio and absorbance factor. A minimum amount of dye needs to be added to the liquid crystal with the polymer matrix for its effective phase separation and to minimize the transmittance in the OFF state and therefore gives rise to an overall improvement in contrast ratio of the devices. Molecular orientation and dynamics in droplet sizes are readily controlled in these DPDLC materials. These findings imply that the value of the threshold electric field E_th is approximately 8 V/μm for pure polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (without dye) where the threshold electric field E_th values are approximately 4.0 V/μm, 2.0 V/μm, 1.7 V/μm 1.0 V/μm, for 0.0625%, 0.125%, 0.25% and 0.5% with azo dye in DPDLCs, respectively. From the results we can also infer that the maximum contrast is approximately 2.55 times the minimum contrast observed in the experiment for DPDLCs. The results show that the DPDLC with proscribed dye concentration will be possibly suitable and promising functional electronic materials for green technology flexible liquid crystal display.     

聚氨酯／液晶复合膜的抗凝血性能研究

以聚醚型聚氨酯为基质材料，分别与向列型和胆甾型液晶化合物在适当溶剂中溶解共混后，利用溶剂发法在聚四氟乙烯板上浇铸成膜。研究了了复合膜中的液晶含量和成膜条件对复合膜表面结构形态的影响，同时详细研究了液晶含量对复合膜动态凝血性能、血小板粘附性能以及溶血性能的影响。研究结果表明，只有当复合膜中的液晶质量份数超过３０％时，复合膜才表现出良好的抗凝血性能，且液晶含量的增加而复合膜的抗凝血性能有明显的改善，尤其是复合膜表面吸附的血小板数量随液晶含量的增加而明显减少。     

Determination of the structural properties of a columnar hexagonal liquid crystal by light scattering

In this study we examine a new computer model of light scattering. Light propagation through a columnar hexagonal liquid crystal has been represented by using a cylindrical model. Numerical aspects of the light scattering process, which are based on numerically solving Maxwell's equations, have been calculated for a liquid crystal. We describe in detail the circular cylindrical model for computing light scattering from a columnar hexagonal liquid crystal and present the results of benchmark computations. We report results of extensive calculation for oriented columnar molecular systems. Our results are compared with previous studies on light scattering by other materials.     

聚合物网络稳定液晶光栅的制备与特性研究

将光敏预聚物单体与向列相液晶按一定比例混合,注入液晶盒;采用光掩模法,在紫外灯照射下,使混合物产生定域光聚合反应,形成聚合物网络稳定液晶光栅。利用光学显微镜和He-Ne激光器进行测试,实验检测结果表明,该光栅具有周期性的栅结构,且衍射效率具有先增大后减小电场调制特性,并利用折射率调制机理对该现象进行分析。     

Optically isotropic liquid crystals with microsized domains

We offer a new type of polymer-stabilized liquid crystal (PS-LC) in which mesogenic monomers doped in a LC medium are photocured at a temperature where the LC medium is in the isotropic liquid phase. If the LC domain size could reduce less than the wavelength of visible light, optically isotropic LC media may be realized. We researched the effect of the concentration of polymer and the UV intensity on the LC domain size. The domain size decreases as the polymer concentration increases and the LC medium may become almost isotropic. Moreover, we can obtain a perfectly isotropic LC medium with a high intensity of UV irradiation.     

聚合物结构对聚合物网络稳定液晶薄膜电光性能的影响

用带有联苯结构的双丙烯酸酯和单丙烯酸酯作为单体,采用紫外光引发聚合诱导相分离法制备了聚合物网络稳定液晶(PSLC)薄膜。研究了不同液晶含量、固化时间、单体结构、取向层对PSLC膜电光性能的影响。结果表明,随着液晶含量的增加,样品的关态透光率(TOFF)随之增大,驱动电压则呈减小趋势;相对而言,随固化时间的增加,样品的TOFF则降低。在PI作取向层时,由双丙烯酸酯单体制备的样品表现出了较高的TOFF,而由单丙烯酸酯单体制得的样品,因其聚合物网络结构的不稳定性,在较低电压情况下就出现了"变形"的电光曲线。