Web 2.0

If the advent of the Internet took networked communications global, then the transformational technologies that have become synonymous with the `Web 2.0' trend promise to humanise this now pervasive virtual world of information exchange. Web 2.0-based technologies now promise to empower computer end-users to customize their user experience more effectively than ever before, and share information in more efficient and collaborative way. Web 2.0-based technologies are expected to have a significant impact on a broad range of traditional enterprises. Postive business model change should result in unexpected ways, and enterprises must prepare for this transition     

文档管理系统的设计与实现

企业中的信息是以文档的形式存储的,随着电子文档的日益增多,建立功能全面的文档管理信息系统是非常必要的。在分析了现有文档管理系统不足的基础上,描述了一个Internet环境下新型文档管理系统的设计与实现。系统采用关系数据库来保存文档,方便与其他系统共享数据,并采用Web Services技术来实现系统组件的开发,使系统具有一定的可移植性和可扩展性。     

Web信息检索中信息分类技术研究

随着Internet/Intranet的快速发展和普及,丰富的Web资源构成一个巨大的全球信息仓库。在海量数据空间中快速、准确地获取用户所需成为Web检索系统研究的焦点。将一种全新的网页自动分类技术引入WWW信息抽取领域,解决网上信息有效获取的问题。获取网站分类体系,设计的Web信息自动归类算法,可通过Web数据抽取机制以及Web信息分类技术实现检索结果的分类和层次化展示,使用户快捷准确地从WWW上获取所需信息。     

A conceptual framework for international Web design

We develop a conceptual framework for exploring significant differences in how people from diverse cultural backgrounds and with diverse individual characteristics might perceive and use Web documents. This is the first stage of a large multistage empirical study of user satisfaction and effectiveness of various Web designs based on cultural and individual factors. We identify six cultural factors and six individual factors that could impact the effectiveness of Web documents. The six cultural factors include: power distance, individualism versus collectivism, masculinity versus femininity, anxiety avoidance, long-term versus short-term orientation, and polychronic versus monochronic time orientation. The six individual factors include: demographics (age and gender), professional knowledge, information technology knowledge, flexibility, information processing abilities, and cultural knowledge. Based on the conceptual model proposed, we develop a number of testable, specific propositions on how Web document effectiveness could be impacted by the cultural and individual factors in various Web designs. In order to measure document effectiveness of each design, we identify components of Web document effectiveness as perceived usability, reliability, clarity, and comprehension that, in turn, influence readers' overall satisfaction with Web documents. Using the propositions presented, one can measure and analyze how cultural and individual factors influence users' satisfaction, which will assist researchers, educators, and communicators working with various Web designs     

基于Web挖掘的个性化学习系统

随着Internet的深入发展和不断的普及,Web已经成为人们获取信息,进行学习的最重要的手段之一.但是,目前Web系统只为所有用户提供相同的服务,而Web用户的需求却千差万别,用户希望Web系统能够根据他们的不同特性提供个性化的服务.普通的学习系统已经不能适应他们的学习,不能体现他们的个性化.因此,根据他们的不同特性开发个性化的学习系统已变得相当重要.     

A survey of future broadband multimedia satellite systems, issuesand trends

The demand for advanced information services is growing in terms of both the number of users and the services to be supported. Voice and low-rate data services are insufficient for users in a world where high-speed World Wide Web access is taken for granted. The trend is toward global information networks offering flexible multimedia information services to users on demand, anywhere, anytime. Potential services include video on demand, interactive video, fast Internet access, telemedicine, tele-education, and large file transfer. The need to support bandwidth-intensive multimedia services places new and challenging demands on satellite systems and networks. Flexibility, efficiency, mobility, and the ability to guarantee end-to-end quality of service are at a premium     

TelecomI+D02: Next Generation Mashups: How to Create my Own Services in a Convergent World

Service and content mashups are becoming more and more a mainstream of the Web. Recently, several mashup platforms have introduced the user-centric paradigm, thus allowing novice end-users to easily create, share and enjoy their own services. However, these platforms still lack the advanced features that the Mobile Internet is able to support, other than just browsing on the mobile telephone. Advanced location features and the possibility of communicating from anywhere at anytime will leverage new business models thus providing end-users with amazing new services. This paper introduces a platform that merges user-centricity and Mobile Web services with a mashup environment where users can create and share their own services, describing its main features.     

An overview of web caching replacement algorithms

The increasing demand for World Wide Web (WWW) services has made document caching a necessity to decrease download times and reduce Internet traffic. To make effective use of caching, an informative decision has to be made as to which documents are to be evicted from the cache in case of cache saturation. This is particularly important in a wireless network, where the size of the client cache at the mobile terminal (MT) is small. Several types of caching are used over the Internet, including client caching, server caching, and more recently, proxy caching. In this article we review some of the well known proxy-caching policies for the Web. We describe these policies, show how they operate, and discuss the main traffic properties they incorporate in their design. We argue that a good caching policy adapts itself to changes in Web workload characteristics. We make a qualitative comparison between these policies after classifying them according to the traffic properties they consider in their designs. Furthermore, we compare a selected subset of these policies using trace-driven simulations.     

The CSELT intranet services

The authors summarize CSELT's experience in setting up a corporate intranet as a way to distribute and publish information. The intranet architecture and the main services offered are presented, with an outline of the deployment and organizational aspects. Finally, the CSELT intranet evolution as foreseen is presented. The general architecture of the document and information management system allows the use of different products for different document processes, but ensures a unique access to the information based on World Wide Web technology. In this way the document management system is open to integrating new products to be used for particular needs, leaving the user interface unchanged     

物联网“云管端”的技术发展与应用

目前全球物联网市场还处在初级阶段,物联网产业发展机遇与挑战并存,但物联网的建设被上升到国家战略的层面,总体发展前景广阔.基于“云管端”的未来物联网信息服务的新架构,不只是一种网络架构,而是新的信息服务平台架构,同时也是新的发展战略的体现.     

Computing [Technology 2000 analysis and forecast]

The dawning of this millennium coincides with the start of a new epoch-that of Internet-distributed computing-and, as is typical with epochal changes, the entrenched are being uprooted. A new breed of device-the Internet appliance-is dethroning the PC, which has held sway over the computing industry for the last two decades. Microsoft Inc., the Redmond, Wash., software megalith whose Windows operating system has towered over the system software arena for the last decade, must now do battle on two fronts: at the heart of the network-the server-and at the edges, with the new Internet devices. As the number and size of Web publishers mushroom, so does the demand for servers and storage. Sales of server hardware and operating systems are growing rapidly, and Microsoft 2000, formerly known as Windows NT 5.0, must duke it out with established Unix systems and new Linux boxes. With growing reliance on the Internet for all kinds of information, computing is acquiring an unsuspected mobility. Unlike a laptop computer, which requires that the user be stationary (preferably seated) to be of use, Internet appliances free the user to work on the go, in ways not previously possible. Even as information technology reaches the next stage in its evolution, the PC has become something of a dinosaur, a metamorphosis that cannot be stopped even by Microsoft. In fact, while the outcome of its confrontation with the US Department of Justice may be to reshape the company in some way, it is the Internet that is truly restructuring Microsoft     

Spinning the Web [World Wide Web standardisation]

The World Wide Web may not be owned, controlled or regulated, but it still needs standards. Like the Internet, which underpins it, the Web has been developed by, and for the needs of, the international research community. The issues and features important to researchers will not always match the requirements of business. Witness the issue of security. Academic researchers have a natural bias towards the open exchange of information; for business, however, secure communications is a basic requirement. Also, no business is going to make a serious commitment to the Web, possibly risking its commercial future, unless it has confidence in the Web standardisation process. Out of such concerns a new business-oriented Web organisation has come into being-the World Wide Web Consortium, or W3C. The author reports on a meeting of the consortium and highlights the issues and standards that need to be addressed in order to adapt the Web to the needs of business     

Exploring Social Networks and Improving Hypertext Results for Cloud Solutions

Internet technologies are constantly evolving as well as the way people use them. Search engines help users to find higher and better relevant results to their searches. Cloud Computing is an evolution of the Internet services and provides a step further ecosystem that can be used to improve the search of more relevant results. Each search engine is based on different modules in order to retrieve the results expected by users using specific keywords. Social networks appear as a reliable Web technology that can directly support a content search. Several studies have been performed showing the growth of social networks in people lives. Using the cloud computing paradigm it is possible to propose a more scalable and efficient way to explore public information available on online social networks. This paper includes the analyses of several social networks services, available contents, cloud-crawlers, and information extraction. In order to collect relevant data from social networks, a social crawler on cloud is proposed. The new approach provides a cloud-based crawler for low-cost, effective, and personalized search models. Moreover, a new algorithm to rank Web documents is proposed and demonstrated. The proposed system is evaluated in comparison with the top Internet search engine, Google, its behavior is very promising, and it is ready for use.     

Internet环境下信息安全面临的挑战及对策

以互联网为代表的信息技术革命,已演化为全球范围内的经济与社会变革,深刻改变了人类生产、生活和思维方式,推动了社会发展和人类文明的进步。但互联网是一把双刃剑,随着互联网的发展、普及和应用,网络和信息系统本身存在的安全隐患和漏洞,人类在生产和生活中对网络的广泛使用和依赖,以及网络的便利性和民众的广泛参与凸现了网络与信息安全问题。通过阐述目前INTERNET发展状况及其对社会发展的影响,分析Internet环境下信息安全面临的严峻挑战,从而提出有效应对互联网对信息安全挑战的对策。     

Engineering a Web site

The World Wide Web (WWW) is famous for weaving far-flung fans with like interests into true communities. It also puts a spin all its own on product and information delivery. Nowhere is this more apparent than in a global industry such as electrical and electronic engineering. The Web is still unmatched in its ability to receive and distribute information and software, and to encourage interaction and collaboration. These strengths stem from the Web's combination of many of the best features of existing media-audio, video, text, and graphics-to which it adds some unique new talents, such as the ability to manipulate information through software. Most corporations acknowledge the opportunities the Web presents. The paper presents some guidelines on how best to start turning them to advantage     

User-driven context aware creation and execution of home care applications

In the Internet world, the tags Web 2.0 and user centricity have been used in recent times to reflect the democratization of the Web where end users are no longer passive entities and have assumed a key role in which they create content themselves. The evolution of this paradigm in the Internet has even given birth to tools like Microsoft Popfly or Yahoo Pipes, thanks to which end users with no specific computer skills are able to create their own highly personalized services. In an environment like home care, where each user has very specific individualized needs, the application of this new paradigm seems very promising, and to promote that philosophy porting, this paper presents a system to allow each individual and his/her carers to build, execute, and manage the specific personalized monitoring, comfort, automation, and safety applications required. Additionally, thanks to built-in, context awareness capabilities, the applications created are automatically adapted to the context of the users inside the proposed system, eliminating the need for frequent human–machine interaction which is of the uttermost importance for impaired users.     

The Future of Web Services

Much of the Web's success can be attributed to its simplicity. It offers a straightforward means by which static information could be published and interconnected on a global basis. The Web Services initiative effectively adds computational objects to the static information of yesterday's Web and as such offers a distributed services capability over a network. Web Services have the potential to create new paradigms for both the delivery of software capabilities and the models by which networked enterprises will trade. Today's Web Services technology, useful though it is, will be enhanced over the next 2-5 years by the harnessing of Semantic Web technology to deliver a step change in capability. Web Services provide an easy way to make existing (or indeed new) components available to applications via the Internet. However, currently, Web Services are essentially described using semi-structured natural language mechanisms, which means that considerable human intervention is needed to find and combine Web Services into an end application. The Semantic Web will enable the accessing of Web resources by semantic content rather than just by keywords. Resources (in this case Web Services) are defined in such a way that they can be automatically ‘understood’ and processed by machine. This will enable the realisation of Semantic Web Services, involving the automation of service discovery, acquisition, composition and monitoring. Software agents will be able automatically to create new services from already published services, with potentially huge implications for models of eBusiness. Having identified limitations in current Web Services technology, this paper will survey existing research in Semantic Web Services, most notably USA's DAML-S initiative and the European WSMF work, and describe BT's research into creating a set of tools to support next-generation Semantic Web Services. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Widget应用现状研究

随着互联网的不断发展和演化,用户对于个性化信息的需求在不断增长。Web2.0概念的全面普及使得这种＂个性化＂进程日益加速。Widget应用在这种背景下应运而生。另外,互联网及移动互联网的发展使得移动通信产业链中各个环节的界限逐渐模糊,终端设备商、软件应用提供商以及移动运营商纷纷试图通过触及用户层面以提升收入,全球Widget业务正步入一个快速发展期。     

Requirements and basic technologies for extended enterprises

Increased competition in global markets and accelerated technology development raise the pressure on companies to be more efficient. Higher efficiency can be achieved by the integration and automation of internal and enterprise-spanning business processes. The logically consistent further development of e-business communication leads to extended enterprises where independent enterprises join forces to be more competitive. Basic requirements for extended enterprise information technology systems are functionality, integration, usability, security and flexibility. This paper describes the approach of the European Commission supported project FLoCI-EE (Flexible Low-Cost Internet Extended Enterprise), which is based on Internet and component technologies, using J2EE, Web Services and ebXML.     

Next Generation Wireless Infrastructure

Given the commercial success of wireless technologies that has already taken place over the last couple of decades, with a global mobile communication penetration beyond 3 billion subscribers as well as the enormous success of wireless data communication through IEEE 802.11x and Bluetooth, people could think the wireless revolution is over. However, future connectivity will be wireless and ubiquitous. Therefore the future of wireless infrastructures seems to be in front of a remarkable evolution as this paper will describe. With a vision of creating continuous seamless user connectivity as well as having physical devices/things connected through the wide spread usage of sensor and RFID near field communication technologies the network will increase in size with a order of magnitude compared to today. Additionally having the widespread Internet protocol technologies as a fundamental building block the wireless vision is additionally to create a future wireless ICT environment that can help reduce energy consumption, handle local and global disasters etc. By offering this it is envisioned that wireless ICT can create a base for tackling some of the worlds largest problems using wireless ICT. This paper describes a focused number of research issues to solve in order for this to happen. Completely new disruptive ways of building the architecture is necessary. New ways of thinking where the next level of network intelligence is fundamental, where much more network and device cooperation should be used. New efficient ways of optimizing the spectrum usage are necessary. The extent of IP-based sensor networks with explode due to the rapid evolution in the relationship between processing power, cost, power consumption and physical size.