汽车门框上条件拉弯成形过程的数值模拟研究

复杂截面型材的高精度拉弯成形是制造汽车门框的关键技术。基于动态显式有限元软件ABAQUS/Explicit,针对一种由SPCD与B250P1拼焊板滚压得到的汽车门框上条型材零件,对其力控制方式的直进台面式拉弯成形进行了数值模拟研究,对比分析了不同预拉力和不同摩擦系数对型材截面畸变的影响程度。结果表明,增加预拉力可以减小截面畸变程度,但当预拉力大于1.3倍屈服强度时,畸变量反而变大,当预拉应力取1.1倍的屈服强度时,整体的畸变量达最小;当摩擦系数为0.08~0.12时,截面畸变量较小,可以得到较好的成形精度。     

飞机球面框型材拉弯回弹有限元模拟技术

针对飞机球面框型材为异形截面的几何特点,基于有限元分析软件Abaqus建立了等效填充离散芯模拉弯成形的有限元模型,通过合理定义边界条件及填充芯模的材料模型,提高了建模效率。根据拉弯过程型材截面弯曲中性层位置不变的假设,建立了夹钳轨迹计算模型,采用位移控制模式对飞机球面框型材拉弯回弹进行了有限元模拟,通过改变中性层位置调整有限元模拟的夹钳轨迹,模拟的回弹结果与实验结果一致,验证了建模方法的有效性。     

管材拉弯工艺及数值模拟分析

拉弯是管材弯曲成形的重要工艺方法,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA对不同工艺参数下的管材拉弯成形过程进行了数值模拟,通过改变相对弯曲半径R/D和相对弯曲厚度t/D,分析了拉弯工艺参数对成形过程的影响。研究结果表明:通过增大相对弯曲半径R/D或增大相对弯曲厚度t/D,降低弯曲件的等效应力,可以有效控制弯曲件壁厚的变化,有助于提高管材拉弯成形的质量。     

弯曲卸载效应与冷轧带钢拉弯矫直延伸率关系研究

根据冷轧带钢拉伸弯曲矫直的基本假设,应用弹塑性理论,以经典的D、E型应力状态的带钢为例,分析并推导了带钢在弯曲弹复过程中应力应变的分布变化,提出了金属材料的弯曲卸载效应会增大带材中性层延伸率的观点,因此,在计算带材延伸率时弯曲卸载效应不可忽略。继而,建立了冷轧带钢拉矫过程有限元仿真分析模型,通过模型工况设置和结果数据分析,验证了冷轧带钢在不同张力与弯曲程度下,弯曲卸载效应对冷轧带钢中间层的延伸率产生影响,并就这种影响进行了定性描述。     

考虑弯曲回弹的拉弯模外形设计方法

拉弯是型材弯曲成形的重要方法,可以有效减少回弹、提高成形精度,在飞机、汽车弯曲件成形中得到广泛应用。采用弯曲回弹理论分析,结合拉弯零件数字化模型,修正拉弯模模具轮廓;采用圆弧样条表示模具轮廓,给出了拉弯模合理外形的计算方法。在理论分析基础上,通过有限元分析方法计算拉弯型材的回弹量,评估拉弯模型面的回弹修正量及拉弯件校形余量的减少情况。为提高汽车和飞机拉弯件的质量和促进工装的数字化设计提供了合理有效的方法。     

型材拉弯成形性的研究进展

拉弯成形可以有效地减少回弹,实现型材的高精度弯曲,因此拉弯成形在飞机、汽车型材弯曲件的生产中得到了广泛的应用.针对型材的拉弯成形,从型材力学性能、截面形状、工艺参数3个方面阐述了目前的研究状况及所取得的成果.     

铝型材多点三维拉压复合弯曲成形工艺

轻量化薄壁型材三维弯曲结构件是高端装备制造业中一种难成形加工的关键零部件。针对此类制件的高精度、低成本的成形需求,提出一种拉弯-压弯相结合的铝合金型材三维弯曲成形工艺,设计多点联动的拉压复合成形单元体结构,通过水平方向由夹钳带动拉弯,垂直方向由各单元体上液压执行机构压弯,实现"W"形三维弯曲零件的成形,并研制成形装备样机。建立分析成形过程及回弹预测的数值仿真模型,通过试验对模型的有效性进行验证,仿真结果与试验结果回弹变形一致,回弹预测最大误差小于15%。此外,研究拉力对矩形截面型材拉压复合成形件回弹变形的影响规律,预拉伸力较补拉伸力对成形件的回弹减小趋势更为明显,当预拉伸力从零达到临界塑性应力Aσ_s时,总回弹减少了26.81%,为保证成形件不发生截面畸变和破裂等成形缺陷,确定了预拉伸力为Aσ_s、补拉伸力为0.3Aσ_s的最优工艺参数。所提出的多点三维拉压复合弯曲成形工艺解决了W形一类型材传统三维拉弯无法实现的多向曲率半径复杂弯曲成形的技术难题,为实现镜面对称结构件的成对一次成形提供了一种新方法。     

电流辅助钛合金L型材拉弯工艺研究

钛合金型材弯曲构件由于性能优异而逐渐成为先进民用复合材料机身的主要承力构件,其成形质量直接关系到飞机的装配精度。本文针对OT4M钛合金L型材的拉弯成形工艺进行了研究,建立了拉弯过程的解析模型,并在不同的试验条件下进行了多组热单轴拉伸试验来探究型材的热变形行为,利用绝缘模具开展了钛合金型材的电热拉弯成形试验,结果表明,材料的塑性变形能力受变形温度和速度影响显著,拉弯成形时绝缘模具的应用可使钛合金型材保持在相对较高的温度490℃下成形,进而降低了回弹。     

复杂截面型材的可拉弯性预测

为定量描述型材拉弯成形性,提出了型材拉弯成形性图的概念.型材拉弯成形性图可由型材拉弯缺陷预测曲线得到,它描述了成形缺陷与截面结构尺寸和工艺参数之间的关系.通过对轿车门框用复杂截面铝型材的拉弯成形性图进行研究,给出了型材拉弯成形性图的建立过程.型材拉弯缺陷预测曲线和型材拉弯成形性图可定量预测型材拉弯成形结果,为型材拉弯零件优化设计及制定工艺提供了基础.     

等边角型材带侧压型材拉弯的力学与回弹分析

对等边角型材侧压转台拉弯的侧压区进行力学分析，通过侧压力与压入深度的关系式及外力平衡关系式联立求出压入深度，继而确定受压区出口处纵向应力状态，然后求出内弯矩，计算出侧压力与回弹半径关系理论曲线，并对理论与试验结果进行了对比讨论。     

数控转台拉弯机切点跟踪轨迹生成算法

建立了拉弯过程运动关系几何模型,采用数值计算的方法推导了任意外凸模具外形曲线切点跟踪轨迹的求解算法。得出了切点坐标与转台转角的关系曲线。为拉弯机的自动切点跟踪提供了准确的控制依据。并根据轨迹上最大切线斜率最小的优化目标,以侧压轮运动范围、主缸最大允许摆角及补拉夹头与转台中心的距离为约束条件,计算出模具的最佳安装位置。运用VC编制了通用计算程序,计算结果表明：该算法稳定,适合于各种拉弯模具外形曲线,计算效率及精度高。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....