气相色谱法检测二氯丙醇合成环氧氯丙烷反应中产品的定量分析

本研究采用气相色谱分析方法对二氯丙醇合成环氧氯丙烷反应产品进行定性和定量分析,得到的具体操作条件为:GC-2014气相色谱仪配备FID检测器,毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm),FFAP固定液,载气为高纯氮气,柱流速0.95 mL/min,尾吹流速47.5 mL/min,氢气流速47 mL/min,空气流速400 mL/min,分流比为50∶1,进样量0.1μL,气化室温度220℃,检测器温度230℃,柱温130℃。     

DB-WAX毛细管柱气相色谱法检查藿香正气水中乙醇量

用DB-WAX毛细管柱气相色谱仪,建立以正丁醇为内标物质的内标法,检查藿香正气水中乙醇量。以美国安捷伦公司DB-WAX石英毛细管柱(30.0m×0.25mm,0.25μm)作为分析用色谱柱,进样口温度:200℃;进样量∶1μL;分流比20∶1;氢火焰离子化检测器温度:250℃;氢气流量:30m L/min;氮气流量:40m L/min;空气流量:300m L/min;采用程序升温的控制模式。在选定的条件下,乙醇与内标物分离度高,乙醇在1%～8%范围内线性良好(r为0.9998,n=5)。本法快速、简便、准确,适用于藿香正气水中乙醇量的检查。     

气相色谱法测定西格列汀原料药中6种残留溶剂

采用气相色谱法检测西格列汀原料药中四氢呋喃、乙酸乙酯、丁酮、二氯甲烷、甲苯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。色谱条件为DB-WAX(30m×0.32mm×0.5μm)毛细管色谱柱;载气采用高纯氮气,流速为1mL/min;检测器为氢火焰离子化检测器,检测器温度为250℃,进样口温度为200℃;程序升温,分流比10∶1,进样量1μL。该方法操作简便、稳定、重复性好,可用于西格列汀原料药中上述6种残留溶剂的测定。     

医药中间体4,6-二氯-2-甲基嘧啶的杂质分析

目的：通过高效液相色谱法和气相色谱法全面分析4,6-二氯-2-甲基嘧啶中的有机杂质情况。方法：(1)高效液相色谱法(控制3个杂质):采用Waters Atlantis T3(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm)色谱柱，以0.1%磷酸溶液为流动相A,乙腈为流动相B,进行线性梯度洗脱；流速为1.0 mL/min;双波长：(1)260 nm,(2)205 nm;柱温为30℃;进样量10μL。经验证，本方法专属性良好，各杂质分离度均符合要求，检测限分别为0.11,0.10,0.10μg/mL;定量限为0.23,0.20,0.20μg/mL。供试品溶液在室温条件下放置24 h稳定。(2)气相色谱法(控制丙二酸二乙酯):采用DB-1701(30 m×0.32 mm×1.0μm)色谱柱，柱温：起始温度为40℃,维持5 min,以20℃/min的速率升温至140℃,维持10 min,再以30℃/min的速率升温至220℃,维持5 min;进样口温度：200℃;检测器(FID)温度：250℃;载气：氮气；柱流速：2.0 mL/min;分流比：10∶1。经验证，溶剂不干扰测定，检测限为0.42μg/mL...     

气相色谱法测定环己酮中的微量轻组分

采用气相色谱法测定环己酮中微量轻组分含量,探讨了色谱柱、柱温、气化温度、检测温度、载气流量对环己酮及其组分色谱分离的影响。结果表明:选用强极性毛细管色谱柱AB-Wax 60 m×0.32 mm×0.5μm,采用程序升温法,以升温速率20℃/min升温至色谱柱初始温度100℃,保持时间10 min,再以10℃/min升至色谱柱终温150℃,保持时间30 min,在进样口温度为250℃,氢火焰离子化检测器温度为280℃,载气为氮气,流量为1.5 mL/min,进样量为0.6μL的条件下,采用气相色谱仪测定环己酮中微量轻组分含量,环己酮中微量轻组分能得到很好地分离,通过峰面积外标法定量,测定结果的加标回收率为96.3%～97.2%,相对标准偏差为0.86%～1.13%。     

色谱法测定藿香正气水中乙醇含量

用毛细管柱分离制剂中的乙醇,并以正丙醇为内标测定其含量.方法:色谱柱为毛细管柱zebron ZB-50(30m×0.32mm×0.25m);氮气为载气,柱前压0.4MPa;分流比为30:1;进样口温度为220℃,柱温45℃;FID检测器,温度为250℃;进样量1μL;正丙醇为内标物.结果:在该色谱条件下,藿香正气水中乙...     

气相色谱法定性和定量涂层胶四种溶剂组分

采用气相外标法定量溶剂型涂层胶黏剂中乙酸乙酯(EA)、丁酮(Butanone)、甲苯(Toluene)和二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)。此方法提取效率高、重现性好。选用Agilent毛细管柱,30m×0.32 mm×0.25μm。色谱条件1,甲苯和DMF的定性和定量:进样口温度220℃,检测器温度250℃,柱温为程序升温(60℃保持2min后以15℃/min升至200℃保持2min)。载气流速1.0 m L/min,分流比可调;色谱条件2,乙酸乙酯和丁酮的定性和定量:进样口温度150℃,柱温为程序升温(40℃保持2min后以10℃/min升至200℃保持2min),检测器温度250℃,载气流速1.0 m L/min。以期指导企业回收和控制排放从而达到保护环境,我们依据国家标准、采用此方法首次对两组溶剂型涂层胶黏剂样品中可能存在的四种有机组分EA,Butanone,Toluene或DMF进行了定性并定量其占含有的总挥发性有机溶剂的比重。     

气相色谱法测定头孢泊肟酯中1-碘代乙基异丙基碳酸酯的残留量

目的:建立头孢泊肟酯原料药中1-碘代乙基异丙基碳酸酯的残留量的测定方法。方法:采用毛细管气相色谱法,色谱柱为DB-624(30m×0.53 mm,3.0μm),程序升温,初始柱温160℃,维持15 min,再以20℃/min的速率升至200℃,维持5 min,进样口温度200℃,检测器温度280℃,载气为氮气,流速2.0 mL/min,分流比为5∶1,进样量1.0μL。结果:1-碘代乙基异丙基碳酸酯能良好分离,在31.32～204.60μg/mL范围内线性关系良好;平均回收率为99.98%(RSD=1.17%,n=9)。结论:该方法简便、灵敏、结果准确、重复性好,可用于头孢泊肟酯中1-碘代乙基异丙基碳酸酯残留量的检测。     

GC法测定肉桂油滴丸中桂皮醛的研究

采用气相色谱法测定肉桂油滴丸中桂皮醛,分析柱DB-WAX(250℃,60 m×250μm×0.25μm),检测器FID,载气为氦气,流速25.45 mL/min,进样口温度200℃,分流进样(20∶1),程序升温:起始温度100℃,以速率5℃升至150℃,保持5 min,再以5℃速率升至200℃,保持5 min,进样量1μL。结果表明,阴性无干扰,分离度高;桂皮醛的检测浓度在0.533 04~7.995 6 mg/m L范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好线性关系,平均回收率99.63%。所建立的方法准确可靠,可用于肉桂油滴丸的质量控制。     

GC法测定肉桂油滴丸中桂皮醛的研究

采用气相色谱法测定肉桂油滴丸中桂皮醛,分析柱DB-WAX(250℃,60 m×250μm×0.25μm),检测器FID,载气为氦气,流速25.45 mL/min,进样口温度200℃,分流进样(20∶1),程序升温:起始温度100℃,以速率5℃升至150℃,保持5 min,再以5℃速率升至200℃,保持5 min,进样量1μL。结果表明,阴性无干扰,分离度高;桂皮醛的检测浓度在0.533 04⁷.995 6 mg/m L范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好线性关系,平均回收率99.63%。所建立的方法准确可靠,可用于肉桂油滴丸的质量控制。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。