化烫头发蛋白质丢失的测定及护发香波对其修护的作用

利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察和考马斯（Comassie)亮兰法测定蛋白质丢失量，研究了烫发前后及用不同护发香波处理后头发表面形态变化与头发的蛋白质丢失情况。实验以烫一次头发为烫发损伤模型。结果表明，含有阳离子纤维素（Polyquaternium-10)、阳离子瓜尔胶、二甲基硅氧烷乳液的香波D对烫一次头发有明显的修护作用。表现为用香波D后，头发表面形态、蛋白质丢失程度与未烫发相似。     

巯基乙酸的一种新合成方法

作为化学烫发水中主要成份的巯基乙酸,在烫发过程中生成双硫键:-S-S-,使头发组织重新定型,从而达到使头发卷曲的目的。     

头发与头皮护理的科学基础（Ⅳ）——蛋白多肽类护发原料的研究现状

随着发用化妆品的发展，许多新的原料被开发和应用，蛋白多肽类的原料越来越多的被应用在多种发用化妆品中，例如洗发水、护发素、发膜等。在发用化妆品中加入某一些蛋白多肽类原料可以有效的提升头发的机械强度、柔顺度、疏水性等，因此对日常生活中的光老化和烫发时头发的还原以及染发时头发的漂白等化学损伤等具有修复效果。本文对蛋白多肽类护发原料的来源、提取方法、护发机理、护发效果、研究进展等方面进行了介绍，为蛋白多肽类护发原料的开发和研究提供一些参考。     

用硼酸改善头发的结构和湿润性

<正> 漂白头发、烫发、染发可损伤头发的结构,致使头发干燥。以前人们把S—乙酰基—琥珀酐,乙烯基磷酸铵,以及最早把甲醛用于化妆品中作为改善头发结构的护发剂。现在发现硼酸用于头发化妆品中不仅可改善结构,还可使头     

头发拉伸损伤模型的建立与护发成分修护效果的研究

用定性（SEM）与定量（折断功）方法，建立了头发拉伸损伤的模型：在50％相对湿度下，用Diastron仪以10％的拉伸量，拉伸头发150次，并以此模型研究了分别含护因子C和角蛋白的护发液对拉伸头发的修护作用。结果表明，护发因子C修护伤头发效果比角蛋白修护头发效果明显。     

魅力男士 好头发是关键

众所周知,头发是女人柔情万种的性感工具。也许你并没有注意到,男人的头发同样散发着男性的魅力。一头浓密的黑发,塑造出多变的发型:时尚的、另类的,让人眼前一亮!可是如果你的头发稀疏或者早早地"英雄谢顶",都可能让您的魅力大扣折扣哦!A少烫染,多护理过损发质是又烫又染反复折腾的现代人特有的发质.唯一的方法只有少做头发多护理。男性烫发还不多,但是染发对人体伤害更大,建议用油型染发膏,染发前不要洗头,三个月内不要反复染发,皮肤敏感者最好不要染发、烫发。     

水解明胶与接枝水解明胶的护发作用

<正> 国内某些明胶研究工作者业已发现水解明胶对皮肤有十分显著的保护和治疗作用,实际上,水解明胶和接枝水解明胶对头发也有独特的保护作用。一、水解明胶对头发的化学作用著名的化妆品化学家的实验已指出,胶原水解蛋白质对头发有显著的有益作用,尤其是在头发经过强烈的化妆处理,例如在染发、漂白及烫发之后。头发是氨基酸用肽键连结起来的聚合链,并进一步用S-S键交联。对头发的多数的化学处理都导向双硫键,但头发的强度则决定于肽键。当将水解蛋白质配入各种护发液后,对头发中肽键受到的化学攻击能起保护     

烫发水的研究与优化

文章叙述了烫发水的基本组成及烫发的基本原理,同时阐明了烫发水的不同组分及不同的技术指标对于卷曲效果的影响,总结出改善烫发水使用效果及提高性价的方法。     

染发烫发剂设计与配方(待续)

<正>制法：①将染发组分溶于水,加入表面活性剂和氯化钠、三乙醇胺、色素、抗氧剂,加热溶解至35～40 ℃时加入香精、防腐剂,搅拌均匀即得香波。②将护发剂配方中的油相和水相分别加热至70～75 ℃,再将水相倒入油相搅拌,冷却至35～40 ℃时加入双氧水、香精和/或色素,搅拌均匀即得护发剂。使用时,先用香波洗发,再将护发剂涂抹于头发上,使用2～3次后,黄、白发自然变黑,且对因烫发和染发引起的受损发质具有明显的修复效果。特性：本品工艺简单,     

美国制出护发用硅酮共聚物

美国威高公司开发出一种新型硅酮共聚物 (ＳｉｌｓｏｆｔＡ - 84 3) ,以该原料制成的产品尤其适用于修复由于烫发而引起的头发损伤。据了解 ,该原料具有不同于一般硅酮或氨基硅酮的分子结构 ,是由众多氨基硅酮与有机基团形成的嵌段共聚物。这种新的分子结构能使其均匀覆盖于头发表面 ,更好地渗入吸收。由于该原料具有水分散性 ,因此不需乳化即可直接加入配方中。据称 ,该原料对头发具有良好的护理性 ,并且不会在头发上聚积。该原料同时适用于透明香波及各种定型产品。美国制出护发用硅酮共聚物     

发质损伤的基础研究对发用类产品发展趋势的影响

城市环境的污染、紫外线辐射、烫发剂、漂白剂以及头发的整理(洗发、吹风和梳理)等均会造成头发不同程度的损伤。头发损伤的基础研究就是研究不同物理和化学因素对头发造成损伤的作用机理、了解头发损伤与头发结构与组分的相互关系 ,并从保护头发免受损伤的角度出发探讨发用类产品的发展趋势。     

香烟烟雾为模型的污染环境对头发损伤的研究

基于香烟烟雾建立了模拟空气污染的环境,测试健康和受损发束在该污染环境中的损伤情况。通过对比多次处理前后暴露污染的样品发束和未暴露污染的对照发束的湿发和干发梳理性、表面接触角、色氨酸含量和表面毛鳞片特征的变化,表明该污染环境对头发有显著的化学损伤。尤其是健康头发暴露空气污染后表面毛鳞片受损和角蛋白损伤降解,表面更加亲水,梳理性变差。通过以上方法在健康发束上证明了聚合物聚酰亚胺-1具备抵御损伤的能力。     

Schutz der Haare vor Witterungseinflüssen durch Vitamin E

The Protection of Hair against Weathering with Vitamin E The long-term damage to hair from weathering was simulated by irradiation with artificial sunlight. Irradiation causes bleaching of brown hair strands and affects the mechanical stability of the hair fibers. By prophylactic treatment with a hair rinse containing vitamin E, the light-induced damage to the keratin is markedly reduced. In contrast to this, a hair rinse without vitamin E does not provide any protection against light. The inhibitory effect of vitamin E on light-induced hair damage is discussed on the basis of its antioxidant effect.     

Chemical modification of keratin fibers using 2‐iminothiorane hydrochloride

For the purpose of improving the properties of keratin fibers by chemical modification, we attempted to introduce new disulfide (–SS–) groups into hair using 2‐iminothiorane hydrochloride (2‐IT). After the evaluation of the setting ability of human hair, the waving permanence (66%) of our proposed permanent hair‐setting process clearly improved compared with that of a conventional permanent hair‐setting process (48%). Next, it became clear that new –SS– groups were created in the human hair samples as a result of introducing and then oxidizing new –SH groups. This –SS– content in the hair samples was estimated by employing FT‐Raman spectroscopy. By examining the Raman bands of the treated and untreated hair, it was seen that each band of treated hair did not change, except for the increase of the –SS– groups. This suggests that hair damage does not occur as a result of the investigated treatment. From these experiments, the chemical modification of keratin fibers using 2‐IT was clearly effective for a permanent hair‐setting process. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3646–3651, 2003     

Lycium barbarum polysaccharides attenuate cisplatin-induced hair cell loss in rat cochlear organotypic cultures

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) on cisplatin-induced hair cell damage in the organ of Corti explant. The neonatal (P2-3) rat organ of Corti explant was exposed to cisplatin (20 μM; 48 h) with or without LBP pretreatment (150 and 600 μg/mL; 24 h). Hair cell loss was indicated by FITC-labeled phalloidin staining. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ(m)) in hair cells were analyzed using fluorescent probes 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate and JC-1, respectively. The results showed that LBP significantly attenuated hair cell loss (p < 0.01). Hair cells pretreated with LBP showed significant reduction in ROS production and the decline of ΔΨ(m) compared with cisplatin alone group (p < 0.01), indicating the protective effect of LBP on cisplatin-induced hair cell loss. Taken together, these results indicate that LBP was effective in attenuating cisplatin-induced hair cell loss by reducing the production of ROS and maintaining mitochondrial ΔΨ(m).     

Tribological Properties between Taut Hair Fibers in Wet Conditions: A New Shampoo Formulation for Eliminating Stick-Slip Friction

The tribological properties between taut hair fibers in wet conditions were investigated to evaluate the tangling/detangling performance of shampoo formulations during washing (particularly rinsing). A new setup for friction measurements between taut hair fibers was established. Using the setup, tribological properties of hair fibers treated with two shampoo formulations, whose tangling performances were different, were investigated. The base formulation for the shampoos was the same; the only difference was the type of amino-modified silicones used as conditioning agents. Shampoo (Sp) A (poor detangling performance) incudes water-insoluble silicone, and Sp B (excellent detangling performance) includes water-soluble silicone. The tribological behaviors between taut hair fibers treated with the diluted solutions of the Sp were very different; the Sp A-treated hair exhibited stick-slip sliding, whereas the Sp B-treated hair exhibited smooth sliding. This difference presumably comes from the different coacervation behaviors in the diluted solutions and resulting structure of conditioning film formed on hair surfaces. The smooth sliding (ideal for detangling) of Sp B-treated hair comes from the two-layer structure of the conditioning film on hair; positively charged amino-modified silicone dissolved in water adsorbed immediately on negatively charged hair surface, followed by the physical adsorption of coacervates on the adsorbed silicone layer. The outer coacervate layer is easily removed during sliding, and smooth sliding comes from the low friction of the silicone layer. The relationship between the type of amino-modified silicones, conditioning film formation on the surface, and tribological properties was discussed, which gives insights into designing Sp formulations with excellent detangling performance.     

Effect of mesenchymal cells on human hair growth and death

Animals have typically been used in efficacy tests, but there are a number of dissimilarities between humans and animals. To overcome the problems associated with animal testing, a model which is reproduced in vitro with longterm culture with cell growth with in vivo activity must be developed. We made a gel-type dermal equivalent (DE) that contained dermal papilla cells (DPCs) or dermal sheath cells (DSCs) isolated from human hair bulbs in order to mimic human scalp tissue. Hair follicles were organ-cultured on DE containing DPCs or DSCs. The DE used for organ culture was a reconstructed 3-dimensional contraction of collagen gel, and the cell density of the DE did not affect the increase in hair length. We tested the effects of cell types in DE on increases in hair length, and the results showed a large increase in hair length and long-term viability in the air-liquid interface culture on DE containing DSCs. We compared the submerged culture with the hair air-liquid interface culture on DE using immunohistochemical staining, and found that the hair follicles that were air-liquid interface cultured on DE maintained the growth phase (anagen) for a longer period of time than the hair follicles that were submerged. Since the hair follicles were cultured under an air-liquid interface condition, the increase in hair length was a reflection of the epithelial cell growth that resulted from the improved oxygen supply and paracrine factors secreted from hair origin cells.     

Effects of Combined Gentamicin and Furosemide Treatment on Cochlear Macrophages

Combining aminoglycosides and loop diuretics often serves as an effective ototoxic approach to deafen experimental animals. The treatment results in rapid hair cell loss with extended macrophage presence in the cochlea, creating a sterile inflammatory environment. Although the early recruitment of macrophages is typically neuroprotective, the delay in the resolution of macrophage activity can be a complication if the damaged cochlea is used as a model to study subsequent therapeutic strategies. Here, we applied a high dose combination of systemic gentamicin and furosemide in C57 BL/6 and CBA/CaJ mice and studied the ototoxic consequences in the cochlea, including hair cell survival, ribbon synaptic integrity, and macrophage activation up to 15-day posttreatment. The activity of macrophages in the basilar membrane was correlated to the severity of cochlear damage, particularly the hair cell damage. Comparatively, C57 BL/6 cochleae were more vulnerable to the ototoxic challenge with escalated macrophage activation. In addition, the ribbon synaptic deterioration was disproportionately limited when compared to the degree of outer hair cell loss in CBA/CaJ mice. The innate and differential otoprotection in CBA/CaJ mice appears to be associated with the rapid activation of cochlear macrophages and a certain level of synaptogenesis after the combined gentamicin and furosemide treatment.     

New anionic surface‐active agent derived from wool proteins for hair treatment

An anionic surface‐active agent derived from wool proteins was developed as an alternative to the anionic surfactants extensively used in shampoo formulations. The physicochemical properties of this new surface‐active agent prepared form wool proteins and its application for human hair treatments were studied. This new product could be considered a new mild anionic surface‐active agent, as evidenced by the results found by the evaluation of its physicochemical properties. The new wool anionic surface‐active agent was shown to be very substantive to hair, coating the fiber surface, giving rise to a significant improvement in the mechanical properties of the hair fibers, and providing a certain damage‐prevention effect on the hair. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010