The application of a thermochemical data bank system to the investigation of steel-making problems

The advantages associated with the application of a thermochemical data bank system to the investigation of metallurgical and chemical processes are described. In particular, the ready availability of up-to-date, critically evaluated data which may be used in conjunction with specially-written application programs, enables the user to obtain information very rapidly at his own terminal in the tabular or graphical form he requires. The use of such a data bank for carrying out calculations related to certain steel-making problems is demonstrated – namely for guiding deoxidation and desulphurisation operations, for investigating the conditions for formation of precipitated carbide and nitride phases in alloy steels, for determining the effect of alloying elements on hydrogen solubility in iron, and for predicting likely corrosion products in different gaseous environments.     

A 3D sequence-independent representation of the protein data bank

Here we address the following questions. How many structurally different entries are there in the Protein Data Bank (PDB)? How do the proteins populate the structural universe? To investigate these questions a structurally non-redundant set of representative entries was selected from the PDB. Construction of such a dataset is not trivial: (i) the considerable size of the PDB requires a large number of comparisons (there were more than 3250 structures of protein chains available in May 1994); (ii) the PDB is highly redundant, containing many structurally similar entries, not necessarily with significant sequence homology, and (iii) there is no clear-cut definition of structural similarity. The latter depend on the criteria and methods used. Here, we analyze structural similarity ignoring protein topology. To date, representative sets have been selected either by hand, by sequence comparison techniques which ignore the three-dimensional (3D) structures of the proteins or by using sequence comparisons followed by linear structural comparison (i.e. the topology, or the sequential order of the chains, is enforced in the structural comparison). Here we describe a 3D sequence-independent automated and efficient method to obtain a representative set of protein molecules from the PDB which contains all unique structures and which is structurally non-redundant. The method has two novel features. The first is the use of strictly structural criteria in the selection process without taking into account the sequence information. To this end we employ a fast structural comparison algorithm which requires on average approximately 2 s per pairwise comparison on a workstation. The second novel feature is the iterative application of a heuristic clustering algorithm that greatly reduces the number of comparisons required. We obtain a representative set of 220 chains with resolution better than 3.0 A, or 268 chains including lower resolution entries, NMR entries and models. The resulting set can serve as a basis for extensive structural classification and studies of 3D recurring motifs and of sequence-structure relationships. The clustering algorithm succeeds in classifying into the same structural family chains with no significant sequence homology, e.g. all the globins in one single group, all the trypsin-like serine proteases in another or all the immunoglobulin-like folds into a third. In addition, unexpected structural similarities of interest have been automatically detected between pairs of chains. A cluster analysis of the representative structures demonstrates the way the "structural universe' is populated.     

1999年中国金分析测定的进展

综述了１９９９年中国金分析测定的进展,主要包括金的分离富集和种测定方法,附参考文献７９篇。     

The PROSITE database, its status in 1999

The PROSITE database (http://www.expasy.ch/sprot/prosite.htm l) consists of biologically significant patterns and profiles formulated in such a way that with appropriate computational tools it can help to determine to which known family of protein (if any) a new sequence belongs, or which known domain(s) it contains.     

Information gain and decision-theoretic approaches to data selection: Response to Klauer (1999).

K. C. Klauer (1999) argued that a Bayesian decision-theoretic rational analysis of Wason's selection task is preferable to an information gain account (M. Oaksford & N. Chater, 1994) because it has a better normative justification and may provide a better fit with the empirical data. The authors argue that Klauer's proposal and their proposal are equally well justified from a normative perspective and that, where the predictions of the 2 approaches diverge, the existing empirical evidence is consistent with the information gain approach. However, more empirical research is required to decide between these 2 accounts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

The American Psychological Association Annual Report 1999.

As the 20th century closes, it is natural to gauge the growth of the American Psychological Association and of the discipline of psychology during the past 100 years. Over the course of the century, psychology and APA have grown from a narrowly defined field and an organization with relatively few followers to a rich and diverse discipline with a professional organization having an international membership of nearly 160,000. For these members, APA continues to provide many products and services designed to assist them in their education, continuing education, and professional lives. The Central Office directorates and program's aim is to be relevant and useful to members, allied professionals, public policymakers, and the general public. In this annual report, a summary of the accomplishments of each directorate is given. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Poisoning by anorexigenics. Information from the data bank of the Anti-Poison Center of Marseille (1973)

Using the data bank developed by the Computer Service of the Lyon Hospitals, the Anti-Poisons Centre of Marseille presents an initial study of intoxications by appetite suppressants. The work was complemented by a simultaneous study using conventional manual techniques. An epidemiologic review of 1973 and an approximate assessment of toxic doses in the adult and child were possible. They should be of particular use in answering telephone enquiries at anti-poison centres.     

Autologous bone grafting in staged scoliosis surgery. The patient as bone bank

STUDY DESIGN: A prospective clinical study in which autologous rib graft, harvested during the thoracotomy in staged scoliosis correction, is stored within the patient for use during the second stage (posterior intrumentation and fusion). OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the bone stored by this technique is biologically viable and microbiologically safe. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: To the authors' knowledge, this method of storage of bone has never been described previously. METHODS: During the first operation, the excised rib was divided into 3-5 cm fragments and stored in a sub-muscular plane adjacent to the posterior elements of the spine before closure. The graft was then retrieved at the second stage. Samples were sent for histologic and microbiologic examination before implantation. RESULTS: On histologic examination, more than 50% of the osteocytes retained their basophilic staining, indicating that they were viable. In addition, osteoclastic activity was notably absent. There was no significant bacterial contamination of the samples. Clinically, all patients achieved satisfactory bone fusion. CONCLUSION: Homeostatic equilibrium in humans provides the ideal environment in which bone graft can be stored. There is no increased risk of infection, and the osteogenic potential of the graft is retained.     

Mine Production in Concentrate form 1999

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Mine Production in Concentrate form in 1999

┌─────────────────┬───────┬────────┬──────┐│Nam6 Of COnC6ntrateS │ProdUCtion in │TOtal at 6nd of │%Change ││ │ Aug,1999 │ Aug,,999 │ ,98一,99│├─────────────────┼───────┼────────┼──────┤│CoPPer concentrate │36024.69 │284540.17 │4 .39 │├─────────────────┼───────┼────────┼──────┤│L6ad COnCGntrate │34130.22 │270055.83 │一11、55 │├──────…     

Blood bank quality control guidelines

A variable pressure volumetric pump was used for 10% hemiacidrin irrigation of the renal pelvis in 7 renal units (6 patients) with struvite calculi after initial percutaneous debulking and extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL). The pump provided a constant display of intrapelvic infusion pressure, and an alarm which signaled if a preset maximum infusion pressure was exceeded. Compared with standard open manometer monitoring of intrapelvic pressure, this closed system of irrigation eliminates the problems associated with time-consuming assembly and maintenance, irrigant spillage, and system contamination. At the completion of therapy, 5 renal units were completely stone-free while 2 had only minimal residual caliceal "dust." Complications were minor and few in number. We conclude that a variable pressure volumetric pump provides excellent clinical results and safely simplifies irrigation for percutaneous chemolysis of struvite calculi.     

The MIRD perspective 1999. Medical Internal Radiation Dose Committee

The MIRD schema is a general approach for medical internal radiation dosimetry. Although the schema has traditionally been used for organ dosimetry, it is also applicable to dosimetry at the suborgan, voxel, multicellular and cellular levels. The MIRD pamphlets that follow in this issue and in coming issues, as well as the recent monograph on cellular dosimetry, demonstrate the flexibility of this approach. Furthermore, these pamphlets provide new tools for radionuclide dosimetry applications, including the dynamic bladder model, S values for small structures within the brain (i.e., suborgan dosimetry), voxel S values for constructing three-dimensional dose distributions and dose-volume histograms and techniques for acquiring quantitative distribution and pharmacokinetic data.