A typology of clustered housing for older adults towards opportunities for social interaction:A case study of Dutch social housing

Dutch housing associations are dealing with a growing number of tenants who are ageing in place.Meanwhile,there is a lack of suitable housing that meets the(social)needs of this target group.Clustered housing,which offers a socio-spatial context that facilitates en-counters between residents,is considered a promising housing concept to(partly)fill this gap.However,clustered housing is a broad concept consisting of a variety of housing types that differ from each other in the extent to which people\"live together\".Still little is known about which types of clustered housing can be distinguished in relation to the potential for social interaction.Therefore,in this article we distinguish between types of clustered housing based on social,organizational,and spatial building characteristics.We have mapped these charac-teristics by combining real estate data of housing association Woonzorg Nederland with survey data collected among their building managers.Based on this dataset,an explorative cluster analysis was performed,resulting in four types of clustered housing.Finally,further explora-tion of the data shows that,from the perspective of building managers,residents of certain types of clustered housing interact more often and feel more connected with each other than residents of non-clustered housing types.     

The cause and outcomes of the ripple effect: housing prices and transaction volume

In this study, the ripple effect in four regional housing markets in the USA (Northeast, Midwest, South, and West) was examined by analyzing housing prices, which is a method that has been primarily used in other studies, and the transfer of information in the transaction volume data of regional markets. First, the ripple index between regional housing markets was estimated using housing price and transaction volume. Findings revealed that the ripple effect in the transaction volume of regional housing markets was far more evident than that in housing prices and that the two types of ripple effect are negatively correlated. In other words, information between regional housing markets is either transferred through price or volume. In this study, monetary policy, overall economic performance, and new housing market were adopted as variables to analyze the cause and outcomes of the ripple effect. The results show that inflation stemming from an excess supply of money causes a ripple effect of rising regional housing prices. This money illusion leads contractors to believe that the housing market has increasing demand, motivating them to enter into new projects. Once these projects are completed, the increase in supply (new homes for sale) is reflected in the transaction volume of the regional housing market. In this instance, a stagnation in housing prices signifies that information is only transferred in the transaction volume. In short, the rise (housing boom) and fall (housing depression) of transaction volume affect interest rates in the mortgage market.     

Method for capturing demands for housing customisation: balancing value for customers and operations costs

Journal of Housing and the Built Environment - Mass customisation is a business strategy for house building companies to improve value generation and obtain a competitive advantage by offering the...     

GA-based decision support system for housing condition assessment and refurbishment strategies

Refurbishment work involves improvement, upgrading, renovation, retrofit, and repair of existing housing. With limited land usage and being aware of sustainability, the refurbishment market has faced increasing needs worldwide. During the long life cycle period of housing, most residents are undoubtedly faced with refurbishment requirements. However, it is not easy to make assessment and refurbishment related decisions due to the lack of knowledge and experience. This study presents Genetic algorithm-based on-line decision support system (DSS) to help residents easily conduct the housing condition assessment and offers optimal refurbishment actions considering the trade-off between cost and quality. Two refurbishment models are developed to explore the relationship among the life cycle cost, restoration cost and improved quality. The result reveals the proposed DSS solves the problems arising from asymmetric information and conflicting interests between residents and contractors, as well as improves traditional housing condition assessment to be more effective and efficient.     

Thermal comfort and the integrated design of homes for older people with dementia

People with dementia may have an altered sensitivity to indoor environmental conditions compared to other older adults and younger counterparts. This paper, based on literature review and qualitative research, provides an overview of needs regarding thermal comfort and the design and implementation of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems for people with dementia and other relevant stakeholders through the combined use of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, and the Model of Integrated Building Design. In principle, older adults do not perceive thermal comfort differently from younger adults. Due to the pathology of people with dementia, as well as their altered thermoregulation, the perception of the thermal environment might be changed. Many people with dementia express their discomfort through certain behaviour that is considered a problem for both family and professional carers. Ethical concerns are raised as well in terms of who is in charge over the thermal conditions, and the protection against temperature extremes in hot summers or cold winters. When implementing heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems one should consider aspects like user–technology interaction, diverging needs and preferences within group settings, safety issues, and minimising negative behavioural reactions and draught due to suboptimal positioning of outlets. At the same time, technology puts demands on installers who need to learn how to work with customers with dementia and their family carers.     

Understanding the pervasiveness of trauma within a housing facility for people living with HIV

Abstract

Trauma exposure is highly prevalent among marginalized people living with HIV (PLHIV). Trauma influences experiences in environments where PLHIV reside and access support services, in addition to impacting mental and physical health. This qualitative study of 24 PLHIV examined how trauma and socio-structural inequities shaped participants’ experiences living in a supportive housing facility for PLHIV, impacted health-related outcomes, and affected engagement in services. Participant narratives highlighted the frequency of traumatic experiences, which were often related to participants’ social locations (e.g., gender, race, and ethnicity). These experiences complicated how participants engaged with other residents and accessed support services within the housing facility. Participants reported self-isolation as a mechanism to avoid re-traumatization through interactions within the building, and to work towards attainment of what they viewed to be a ‘normal’ life. Supportive housing facilities that incorporate trauma-informed practices have the potential to attenuate the negative impacts of social marginalization within housing environments.     

提高住宅性能走绿色产业之路

由中国建筑设计研究院主持,天津大学建筑学院、中国建筑科学研究院、中化化工科学技术研究总院、湖北孝感市天然居墙材有限公司联合参加的国家“十五”科技攻关计划项目——“小城镇绿色住宅产业技术研究与开发”课题,共设专项课题3项,分项课题12项,国家级综合集成示范项目1项(在建),单项集成示范项目6项(建成3项,在建3项)。自2003年申报、答辩、论证、立项以来,在各有关部门的支持与协助下,经过2年多的艰苦攻关与共同研发,到2005年底,课题组已全部完成课题任务书规定的研究开发内容,形成了从生产线、专利产品、数据库,到行业技术规程、规划…     

The indoor environment and the integrated design of homes for older people with dementia

There are currently about 6 million – mainly older – people with dementia in the European Union. With ageing, a number of sensory changes occur. Dementia syndrome exacerbates the effects of these sensory changes and alters perception of stimuli. People with dementia have an altered sensitivity for indoor environmental conditions, which can induce problematic behaviour with burdensome symptoms to both the person with dementia and the family carer. This paper, based on literature review, provides an overview of the indoor environmental parameters, as well as the integrated design and implementation of relevant building systems. The overview is presented in relation to the intrinsic ageing of senses, the responses of older people with dementia and the impact on other relevant stakeholders through the combined use of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, and the Model of Integrated Building Design. Results are presented as indicators of the basic value, functional value and economic value, as well as a synthesis of building-related solutions. Results can help designers and building services engineers to create optimal environmental conditions inside the living environments for people with dementia, and can be used to raise awareness among health care professionals about of the influence of the indoor environment on behaviour of the person with dementia.     

Design principles in housing for people with complex physical and cognitive disability: towards an integrated framework for practice

To develop a research-based environmental framework to guide the design and construction of suitable residential dwellings for individuals with complex disability. An environmental approach to housing design and development recognises that there are physical, psychological and social components relating to housing design, dwelling location and the neighbourhood context, and that these elements interact to affect the physical, psychological, and social wellness of individuals. Following theoretical review and synthesis, a comprehensive set of design features that are conducive to residents’ wellness and quality of life are described. It is clear that housing design and development for people with complex disability ought to consider the physical, social, natural, symbolic, and care environment in relation to housing design, dwelling location, and the neighbourhood context for improved housing outcomes. An integrated housing design and development framework is presented. It is hoped this practical matrix/evaluative tool will inform future inclusive housing design and development decisions in Australia and internationally. The application of this framework is especially relevant to political climates striving to achieve design innovation to increase housing choice for people with complex disability.     

The present and future of income‐related housing support: debates in Britain and the Netherlands

This paper examines income‐related housing support in Britain and the Netherlands. It considers the main issues that are at stake in current policy discussions, compares the arguments that are put forward in the two countries and draw conclusions about the future of income‐related housing support. In both Britain and the Netherlands political discussions about the possible introduction of housing vouchers are observed. The most complicated issues are the poverty trap and unemployment trap, and housing consumption incentives. Moral hazard concerns can result in complicated anti‐fraud measures that may add to the burden of administering income‐related support. It is expected that the way in which income‐related housing support schemes in both countries are designed and administered may come under closer scrutiny. Politicians want these schemes to be in tune with the need for labour and housing market mobility, wage flexibility, and the need to bring the public budget under control.     

居住区老年人户外活动空间研究

依据老年人的不同类型,以及他们在生理、心理、社会三方面对户外环境的特殊需求,分析了有助于老年人身心健康的多层次、多种类的户外活动空间,提出老年人各种户外活动空间的设计思路和建议,从而满足老年人户外活动的需求。     

Socio‐Economic change within the older housing stock of Canadian cities

Traditional neo‐Classical economic theories of change in the older, inner city housing stock are primarily based on assumptions of a filtering down’ of housing quality and occupant households. As an alternative, this paper develops an approach that relies on societal and metropolitan transformations to explain the changing role of older, inner city neighbourhoods. It uses Statistics Canada's Household Income, Facilities and Equipment files for the years 1976 and 1986 in order to identify proportionate change in the characteristics of households occupying housing built before 1940 against those found throughout Census Metropolitan Areas. Most changes invalidate filtering down assumptions. Increases in incomes, the proportion of younger households, education levels, high status employment, all contribute to bring socio‐economic characteristics within older housing closer to the CMA norm. The paper considers the role protective zoning has played in inducing this form of upgrading. Attention is also given to the equivocal impacts of housing and neighbourhood improvement programmes aimed at lower income residents.     

Risks and principles: The management of housing with support in the social rented sector in Scotland

Social housing plays a key role in the provision of support to disabled people but to what extent can care in the community principles be upheld in the context of the financial constraints in the provision of supported housing? This paper draws on findings from an evaluation of Scottish Home’s care in the community policy, to establish the considerable consensus of opinion on the principles underlying the housing contribution to community care and the increasing concerns of providers on the complexity and instability of the funding mechanisms for supported housing. To illustrate the discrepancy between the word and the deed in housing management practice, evidence is examined from recent studies on the use of housing agreements and tenancy rights in supported accommodation in Scotland. The paper identifies the gap between the expressed aims and intentions of providers and managers towards the occupants of supported housing and housing management practice and contends that financial pressures are a key element in producing this gap. If community care policies are to be successful, appropriate funding mechanisms and housing management practice are crucial.     

Talking while walking: an investigation of perceived neighbourhood walkability and its implications for the social life of older people

This qualitative research examines the perceived walkability of different neighbourhood built-form patterns and their implications for the social life of older people. The findings suggest that both transport and leisure/exercise walking are more frequent within master-planned communities (MPC) as opposed to conventional suburbs. The main reasons for this are the proximity of destinations, the provision of aesthetically attractive areas, and residents’ feelings of being safe from crime and risk of injury within MPCs. The research reveals that walking within MPCs significantly contributes to more frequent social interactions and the establishment of weak and absent ties among older age residents.     

Stair evacuation of older adults and people with mobility impairments

This paper presents the movement speeds and behavioral data for 45 residents evacuating a six-story assisted-living facility located on the East Coast of the United States. The building's population comprised of a diverse array of older adults and disabled residents descending the stairwells by the following methods: self-evacuation without assistance, assistance using a cane, assistance from another occupant or firefighter, or assistance using a stair chair. Movement data of these specific groups was compared and contrasted with other data collected on mobility-impaired individuals. In the current study, the National Institute of Standards and Technology observed overall average speeds ranging between (0.11 to 0.29) m/s, which in some cases, approximate the speeds of disabled people and older adults found in earlier studies, and in other cases is slower than previous studies. Slower speeds in this case may have resulted from observing a wider variety of mobility impairments (since the building observed was an assisted-living facility) and evacuation assistance provided by untrained populations. These data provide an adequate confirmation of exiting literature values typically used for disabled movement speeds in addition to updated values for future analyses.     

Race and uneven recovery: neighborhood home value trajectories in Atlanta before and after the housing crisis

We use zip-code-level home value data and cluster analysis to define three types of neighborhood housing markets in the Atlanta region based on their levels of volatility and stability before, during, and after the housing crisis. We identify the demographic and housing market characteristics of each of these clusters and use multivariate analysis to measure their predictive association with the neighborhood types. We also examine factors that predict long-term price appreciation over the 2001–2014 period. One key finding is that many black neighborhoods exhibited steep rates of price decline with only little recovery following the crisis. Meanwhile, many predominantly white, middle- and upper-income neighborhoods generally more than recovered from any housing price declines. The findings suggest that the legacies of the mortgage crisis may have long-lasting implications for housing wealth inequality and housing markets. Implications include a call for a renewed commitment to fair housing, community reinvestment, and equitable housing finance policies to support more evenness in recovery.     

拓展融资渠道,确保公积金安全

一、我国保障性住房建设的融资问题 (一)政府财政支持有限,且没有形成常态.我国于1998年依据<国务院关于进一步深化城镇住房制度改革加快住房建设的通知>开始建立廉租房制度.依据国发[2007]24号文,廉租住房是政府公共品服务的重要职责,政府是责任主体,也应是出资主体.     

夕阳人群 朝阳产业 老年住宅掀起新一轮“居住革命”

进入21世纪,我国人口老龄化趋势愈加明显,老年消费需求也与之攀升,但目前我国老年消费市场缺口较大,养老产业尚处于"萌芽"阶段。这样的现状导致国内老年人即将面临三大困难:一是半数老年人基本生活缺乏社会保障;二是整个社会的养老服务业滞后,表现为急速的城市化没有为老年人留下多少社区活动空间,缺少活动场所和设施;三是长期护理的设施缺乏。虽然说老龄化社会的来临给经济社会发展带来了一定冲击,但养老产业却蕴藏着无限的商机。尤其是近几年我国房地产市场的不断细分,老年住宅越来越受到开发商和消费者的关注,即将掀起新一轮"居住革命"。     

Labour mobility and housing: the impact of housing tenure and housing affordability on labour migration in the Czech Republic

This article examines whether housing tenure and regional differences in housing affordability have an impact on labour mobility. This relationship is important for understanding the sources of structural unemployment and impediments to economic growth. Using two sample surveys from the Czech Republic, this research reveals that at the individual level housing tenure is the most powerful factor determining willingness to change residence for employment reasons. A time-series regression analysis reveals that the impact of housing affordability on observed interregional migration patterns is relatively weak and that this effect is concentrated among the highly educated seeking employment in the capital, Prague. These results demonstrate that housing tenure has a significant impact on labour migration plans in case of unemployment and that the dynamic impact of regional differences in housing affordability on labour mobility is concentrated within the most highly skilled segment of the labour force.