基准面旋回与储层宏观非均质性的关系——以鄂尔多斯盆地东部山2段为例

鄂尔多斯盆地东部山西组山2段为一套砂岩、泥岩及薄煤层互层组合,储层非均质性强,明显受地层基准面旋回升降过程中可容纳空间与沉积物供给量比值的影响.通过对山2段不同级次基准面旋回的划分与对比,建立了研究区高分辨率层序地层格架;根据短期基准面升、降旋回过程与储集物性关系的分析,分别建立了物性向上变差、物性向上变差复变好、物性变化不大等3种储层非均质模式;利用砂岩密度、砂体钻遇率和渗透率变异系数等参数描述了各中期基准面旋回层序的储层宏观非均质性变化.结果表明,长期基准面旋回上升的早期、中期形成的中期旋回层序储层非均质性弱,长期基准面旋回上升晚期到下降期储层非均质性强.     

濮城油田沙三中层序格架内储层非均质性研究

对濮城油田沙三中油藏的研究表明,基准面旋回控制了砂体展布及储层的非均质性特征.在短期基准面上升期,形成向上物性变差、高渗段位于砂层下部的层内非均质模式;而在短期基准面下降期,形成向上物性变好、高渗段位于中上部的层内非均质模式.在中长期基准面较低位置处,砂体厚度大、分布面积广,沟道相对较为发育,物性相对较好;而在中长期基准面较高位置处,砂体厚度薄、面积小,沟道不发育,储层物性较差.在中长期基准面上升旋回内形成向上物性变差的层间非均质格局,而在中长期下降期则形成向上物性变好的非均质性格局.在水下扇前缘区,靠近湖心区其剖面上砂体中的沟道成分减小,砂体连通性和连续性及物性变差;而向岸方向则砂体相对较连续,物性较好.     

高分辨率层序格架内储层砂体发育特征——以松辽北部州311地区泉三、泉四段为例

为了刻画松辽北部州311地区泉三、泉四段储层砂体沉积特征,为该区隐蔽性砂岩油气藏的勘探和开发提供新证据,以高分辨率层序地层学和储层沉积学理论体系为指导,结合岩心、测井曲线以及区域地震资料,识别出六种短期基准面旋回发育样式,建立层序地层划分方案,进而分析层序格架内储层砂体发育类型及特征。研究表明：泉三、泉四段内部可划分2个长期基准面旋回（Q3-LSC1—Q4-LSC1）、5个中期基准面旋回（Q3-MSC1—Q4-MSC3）、12个短期基准面旋回（Q3-SSC1—Q4-SSC7）。短期基准面旋回主要发育以上升半旋回为主的不对称型结构（A₁、A₂、A₃）、上升半旋回与下降半旋回接近相等的近完全-完全对称型结构（C2）、以上升半旋回或下降半旋回为主的不完全对称型结构（C1,C3）。泉三、泉四段垂向上表现为基准面上升—下降—上升的演变规律,发育分流河道—曲流河道—分流河道—水下分流河道纵向沉积演化序列,河道砂体发育样式从较少叠置到较多垂向或侧向叠置型,再逐渐过渡到孤立型。基于高分辨率层序地层划分和对比,在短期基准面旋回约束下,解剖曲流河道砂体、分流河道砂体、水下分流河道砂体沉积剖面及内部旋回结构特征,其中Q4-SSC1和Q3-SSC5沉积时期河道砂体普遍油浸,砂体连续沉积厚度相对较大,为最有利的砂体分布层位。由于储层内部存在复杂的非均质性,因此,进行河道砂体精细解剖势在必行。     

短期基准面旋回充填样式与储层宏观非均质性关系——以陇东地区三叠系延长组长6-长7浊积扇为例

以高分辨率层序地层学理论和技术方法为指导，以钻井、测井资料的综合研究为基础，运用短期基准面旋回界面的识别标志将陇东地区三叠系延长组浊积扇短期基准面旋回层序划分为向上“变深”非对称型、向上“变浅”非对称型和对称型3种基本结构类型。重点讨论了短期基准面旋回充填样式与储层宏观非均质性的关系，指出储层宏观非均质性变化明显受控于基准面旋回叠加样式，在低可容纳空间条件下形成的浊积砂体非均质性相对较弱．储层物性最好．而在高可容纳空间条件下形成的砂体则相反。     

丘东洼陷层序基准面旋回与储集性能关系

通过对吐哈盆地台北凹陷丘东洼陷中侏罗统层序基准面旋回与储层储集性能的对比分析认为，丘东洼陷短期基准面的升降对储集性能具有明显的控制作用。短期基准面上升而储层储集性能变差，基准面下降则储层储集性能变好。将中侏罗统短期基准面旋回测井响应模型分为退积／退积型、退积／进积型、进积／退积型和进积／进积型四种。同时认为，储层物性随着中期基准面的上升，辫状河道沉积砂体变厚、粒级变粗、砂地比增大；中期基准面下降旋回，储层物性明显变差。指出相对优质储集层发育层段对应于基准面较低部位的储集层，丘东洼陷纵向上J2x^4早期和J2s^2是岩性油气藏勘探的有利目标层位；平面上弧形带两翼为有利的岩性油气藏发育区。     

濮城沙三中6-10特低渗油气藏非均质性研究

濮城沙三中油气藏属特低渗油气藏。对储层层内、层间、平面和微观非均质特性研究表明储层非均质性较强,而其非均质性受控于储层的沉积作用和成岩作用。沟道微相多为向上变差的物性分布模式,沟道间和席状砂多为向上变好的物性分布模式,其中沟道的层内非均质性最强,道间和席状砂较弱。短期旋回和中期旋回非均质参数分析表明沙三中层内和层间非均质性较强,而中期旋回较短期旋回强。层间隔层为泥岩和粉砂质泥岩,厚度变化较大,中期旋回间夹层厚度较短期旋回间夹层厚度稍大。储层砂体有两个延伸方向即北东―南西向和南东-北西向。储层的物性受控于沉积环境,高渗带与沟道相叠合,而道间和席状砂多为低渗带。孔喉资料表明其孔喉主要为微细喉,孔喉半径以小于1μm为主。     

古龙南凹陷葡萄花油层储层层序地层及沉积体系研究

利用高分辨率层序地层学原理建立松辽盆地古龙南凹陷葡萄花油层储层层序地层格架,结合岩心、测井、录井等资料对其进行沉积微相研究。结果表明,该储层可以划分为1个中期基准面旋回的基准面下降旋回,3个短期基准面旋回以及5~8个超短周期基准面旋回。该储层主要发育湖泊-三角洲沉积体系,并进一步细分出水下分流河道、分流河道间、河口坝、前缘席状砂、前三角洲泥、浅湖等沉积微相,水下分流河道及前缘席状砂沉积微相可形成优质储层。其物源主要为北部和西部方向：西部地形较陡,其物源较近,形成辫状河三角洲沉积体系;北部地形平缓,其物源较远,形成曲流河三角洲沉积体系。早期沉积以北部物源为主,晚期以西部物源为主。古龙南凹陷主要有构造、构造-岩性、岩性、断层-岩性及上倾尖灭5种类型油气藏,其中上倾尖灭油气藏分布于古龙南凹陷的西部斜坡区,岩性及断层岩性油气藏主要分布于凹陷的中心部位,构造-岩性油气藏发育于凹陷东部的斜坡区,构造油气藏则发育于凹陷东部的鼻状构造。     

吐哈盆地丘东洼陷层序基准面旋回与储集性能关系

通过对吐哈盆地台北凹陷丘东洼陷中侏罗统层序基准面旋回与储集层储集性能的对比分析认为，丘东洼陷短期基准面的升降对储集性能具有明显的控制作用，短期基准面上升，储集层储集性能变差；短期基准面下降，储集层储集性能则变好。将中侏罗统短期基准面旋回测井响应模型分为退积-退积型、退积-进积型、进积-退积型和进积-进积型等4种。同时认为，储集层物性随着中期基准面的上升，辫状河道沉积砂体变厚、粒级变粗、砂泥比增大；中期基准面下降、旋回，储集层物性明显变差。指出了相对优质储集层发育的层段对应于基准面较低部位的储集层，丘东洼陷纵向上J2X^4早期和J2s^2是岩性油气藏勘探的有利目标层位；平面上弧形带两翼为有利的岩性油气藏发育区。     

基准面旋回与储层宏观非均质性的关系研究——以塔中围斜区上泥盆统东河塘组储层为例

基准面升降造成的可容纳空间变化和沉积物通量改变控制着储层的宏观非均质性。通过对塔中围斜区上泥盆统东河塘组基准面旋回的识别、划分和对比,建立了该区高分辨率层序地层格架。分析不同级次的基准面旋回特点及其对储层宏观非均质性的控制,通过利用储层宏观非均质性变化,得出基准面上升半旋回下部发育的砂体非均质性弱,上升半旋回末期和下降半旋回期因泥质较为发育,故储层非均质性强。     

宝浪油田三工河组基准面旋回与储层宏观非均质性

新疆焉耆盆地宝浪油田侏罗系三工河组为浅水缓坡型辫状河三角洲沉积,储层非均质性强,有明显的旋回性和层次性。运用基准面旋回原理将含油层段划分为四个退积式叠置的短期旋回。分析结果认为,基准面旋回及其伴随的可容空间变化是引起储层宏观非均质特征的决定因素,受基准面旋回控制,河道类型、储层厚度、砂体规模、夹层分布、砂体拼接方式等层间非均质特征呈规律变化;随着可容空间的增加,河道特征逐渐由辫状河道向曲流河道转变,造成储层物性、层间非均质程度等的相应变化。     

New Modifications Bart,Bdchamp, Mayer,Rosenmund, Scheller,Sherlyn-Braz Reactions with Halides of Arsenic,Antimony and Bismuth

It was discovered a new approach modification Bart, Beschamp, Mayer, Rosenmund, Scheller, Sherlyn-Braz reactions with of arsine, stibine and bismuthine in organometallic chemistry. The authors have proposed a new mechanism for possible reactions.     

Search for New Three-, Four-Component Petasis,Passerini, Hantzsch,Kabachnic-Fields,Ugi Reactions with Organic Compounds of Phosphorus,Arsenic, Antimony and Bismuth

It is discovered a new three-, four-component Petasis, Passerini, Hantzsch, Kabachnic-Fields, Ugi reactions with of arsine, stibine and bismuthine in organometallic chemistry. Modifications were replaced to a nitrogen atom of classical reactions of atoms of phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth. It has been proposed a new mechanism for possible reactions.     

Compatibility of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10,12-Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane with a Selection of Insensitive Explosives

Thermal techniques (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the vacuum stability test (VST)), according to STANAG 4147, and non-thermal techniques (Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry and X-ray diffractometry (XRD)) were used to examine compatibility issues for 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) with a selection of insensitive explosives, including nitroguanidine (NQ), 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyridine-1-oxide (ANPyO), 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TATB), 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) and 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide (LLM-105). DSC measurements showed that ANPyO, TATB, NTO and LLM-105 were compatible with CL-20. The compatibility of CL-20/NQ, CL-20/TNT, CL-20/ANPyO, CL-20/TATB, CL-20/NTO and CL-20/LLM-105 mixtures was further explored using the VST, which revealed that all the selected insensitive explosives were compatible with CL-20. Possible chemical interactions were suspected for CL-20/TATB from the FTIR results and for CL-20/NTO from XRD analysis. In summary, ANPyO and LLM-105 demonstrated the optimal compatibility with CL-20.     

The Petrography,Mineralogy, and Hydrocarbon Potential of the Shales of the Duwi Formation,Abu Tartur,South Western Desert,Egypt

Abstract

Eight shale samples related to the Duwi Formation (Campanian-Maastrichtian) of the Abu Tartur mines of the southwestern desert of Egypt were petrographically, mineralogically, and geochemically studied. The study results indicate that the detrital material of these shales were derived mainly from mafic to ultramafic components of the basement rocks under intensive chemical weathering and deposited in an alkaline reducing marine environment of low energy and these shales do not attain the requirements of hydrocarbon production.     

QPQ表面处理技术及提高工具耐冲蚀性能试验研究

为了提高海洋石油用井下工具的耐磨和耐冲蚀性能,采用理论和试验方法,开展了4145材质的QPQ表面处理技术的应用研究和耐冲蚀性能试验研究。结果表明:在模拟现场压裂作业工况(高砂比、大排量)下,QPQ处理工具的平均冲蚀厚度约3 mm,QPQ处理的工具较磷化处理的工具有较高的耐腐蚀性能和良好的自润滑性能。QPQ处理后的整套压裂工具在渤海油田某井成功应用,满足压裂作业的要求。     

ICP-AES法测定聚丙烯中钙、镁、铁、铝、钛的含量

应用ICP -AES分析方法测定聚丙烯中钙、镁、铁、铝、钛的含量。研究了酸度及共存元素对被测元素的影响 ,选择了合适的分析谱线及ICP -AES工作参数。同时进行了方法精密度试验 ,相对标准偏差小于 5 % ,标准加入回收率 91%～ 10 7%。本法简单、快速、准确     

Bulk Compositions,Genetic Origin,Classifications, and Maturation of Crude Oils in the Gulf of Suez,Egypt

Abstract

API gravity, sulfur content, gas chromatography, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses were carried out for eight oil samples collected from different wells in the Gulf of Suez. The results showed that two types of oils could be recognized: (a) heavy oils, which are oils from Zafarana, Rahmi, West Bakr, and Ras Gharib wells, are of low maturation and originated mainly from terrestrial organic sources; and (b) light oils, which are oils from Um El Yuser, Ras El Ush, Gemsa-SE, and Hurghada wells, have a high level of maturation and orginate mainly from marine organic sources.     

Preparation,Characterization, Evaluation,and Regeneration of a Novel Hydro-upgrading Catalyst

A non–noble metal hydro-upgrading catalyst was prepared using modified zeolites as acidic component, and catalytic performance evaluation was also carried out between the hydro-upgrading catalyst and the reference catalyst, which is a commercial catalyst. The evaluation results revealed that under the pressure of 8.0 MPa, the diesel product yield of the hydro-upgrading catalyst was 98.8 m%, cetane index increment was 7.3 units, diesel yield of the reference catalyst was 98.3 m%, and the cetane index increment was 7.2 units; under the pressure of 6.0 MPa, the diesel product yield of the hydro-upgrading catalyst was 99.1 m%, cetane index increment was 6.1 units, diesel yield of the reference catalyst was 98.7m%, and the cetane index increment was 5.3 units. In addition, preparation repeatability, activity stability, and regeneration performance tests of the hydro-upgrading catalyst were carried out.