一种新型探地雷达天线的设计分析

该文研究了一种近似椭圆结构的超宽带偶极子天线。通过设计沿着振子向末端方向渐变的导体臂,可以有效地减小天线末端电流的反射,改善天线的输入阻抗特性,拓宽天线的带宽。由于没有采用任何加载措施,此天线相比电阻加载宽带天线具有更高的效率。采用三维电磁仿真软件对天线进行了分析和设计,根据设计结果实际制作了一副天线样机,并对其电压驻波比和辐射特性进行了测试,测试结果与仿真设计结果吻合良好。仿真结果和实验测试结果表明,该天线在很宽的工作频带内具有良好的阻抗特性和辐射特性。     

超宽带低背腔车载探地雷达收发天线的研究

本文研制了一种超宽带车载探地雷达收发天线系统,采用半椭圆形状的偶极子天线形式和电阻加载的方法展宽了天线的工作带宽,使天线末端的反射明显减小.分析了背腔高度对天线电性能的影响,在保证天线电性能的前提下,采用的背腔高度仅为22mm.设计并制作了一套天线样机,并安装在探测车上,在电波暗室中对天线的电性能进行了测试,测试结果与仿真结果吻合良好,这表明该超宽带收发天线可以满足车载探地雷达系统的需求.     

一种新型探地雷达天线的FDTD分析

探地雷达系统一般采用超宽带短脉冲信号,因而其天线系统也必须为宽带的。该文给出一种新型的探地雷达天线,该天线为置于镜像面上且具有离散指数电阻加载的单偶极子。通过FDTD法对该天线辐射特性的仿真计算表明,选择合适的电阻加载方式,可以消除由于天线末端阻抗不匹配而引起的二次反射,使天线具有较好的辐射波形和一定的带宽,从而满足实际探地雷达系统的需要。文中还分析了收发天线不同组合方式对直耦信号和目标回波信号的影响。     

FDTD分析探地雷达天线的辐射特性

探地雷达系统一般采用超宽带短脉冲信号,因而其天线系统必须具有较好的宽带性能。只有几种类型的宽带天线能够用于探地雷达系统中,如电阻加载的蝶形天线、TEM喇叭天线及其变形形式。本文将给出一种新型的探地雷达天线,该天线为置于镜像面上且具有离散指数电阻加载的单偶极子。文中将采用FDTD计算和分析该天线在自由空间和有耗媒质上方时的辐射特性。结果表明,通过选择一定的电阻加载形式,可使天线具有较好的辐射波形,从而能够满足实际探地雷达的需要。最后,通过地下目标散射场的理论结果和实验结果说明了本文所采用方法的正确性。     

探地雷达阻性加载天线的应用研究

阻性加载技术可以有效拓展天线带宽、降低时域振铃.该文以双纽线构成平面印制天线的辐射臂, 分析阻性加载对其频域和时域特性的影响.通过数值仿真, 讨论了天线在两种阻性加载方式下阻抗带宽和时域波形的变化.设计了一款指数型微带转平行双线的巴伦, 并对巴伦和天线进行了加工及测试.测量结果表明, 天线时域波形拖尾振铃小于10%;在0.8~6 GHz频带内, 天线单元回波损耗小于-10 dB.将天线与雷达收发系统集成后, 进行地下目标探测实验.雷达探测结果成像清晰、浅层目标分辨率较高.该天线具有超宽带、低振铃、紧支撑等特点, 可满足便携式探地雷达的工程化应用需求.     

探地雷达中蝶形振子天线的改进

探地雷达是进行地下环境无损探测的一种有效工具,用来探测和识别地下目标,比如水管、电力线和通信线路、考古方面的保护等.然而,传统的探地雷达系统在可靠性、分辨率、探测深度等方面存在不足.因此,改善被测信号特性,设计和开发更高性能的天线就显得很有必要.本文研制了一种贴片电阻加载的蝶形振子天线,用时域有限差分方法对其进行了分析,实际应用结果表明天线具有良好的波形保真度,良好的辐射特性和屏蔽效果.可以广泛地应用于探地雷达和其它超宽带系统.     

车载超宽带电阻加载单极子天线系统研究

针对实际工程应用中安装在探测车尾部的表层穿透雷达天线的需求,设计了一种中心频率为60MHz的超宽带车载电阻加载单极子天线。对整个天线系统的电压驻波比、辐射方向图和时域辐射特性进行了研究,分析了介质的电特性参数(介电常数和损耗正切)对雷达系统探测能力的影响,根据仿真设计结果制作了一套收发天线样机,并将样机安装在探测车上,在冰川进行了外场探测试验。仿真和实测结果表明,所设计的天线具有较低的电压驻波比、良好的辐射特性以及较小的振铃,并且质量轻、结构简单、易于车载安装,能够满足车载表层穿透雷达的需求。     

具有屏蔽腔和吸波材料的探地雷达天线的FDTD分析

天线是探地雷达系统的关键部件之一,系统要求天线具有较好的辐射波形以及一定的隔离度.给出了一种可用于探地雷达系统的分布电阻加载的变形TEM喇叭天线,并且采用三维FDTD方法分析了屏蔽腔和吸收材料对其辐射特性的影响.计算结果表明,通过加入屏蔽腔和吸收材料,可以减小收发天线之间的直耦信号,使目标回波信号更加明显,从而提高了系统的动态范围.     

分布电阻加载平面蝶形偶极天线的辐射特性分析

天线是探地雷达系统的重要组成部分,它将直接影响整个系统的性能。平面蝶形天线是探地雷达中采用最多的天线形式之一,但标准蝶形天线辐射波形仍存在振荡且辐射特性受地面影响。本文给出了一种新型的分布电阻加载平面蝶形天线,并通过FDTD法分析了该天线位于近地表面时的辐射波形、输入阻抗和方向性等辐射特性。结果表明,与标准蝶形天线相比,该天线具有更好的时域波形和响应特性。最后,还分析了屏蔽腔和吸收材料对天线辐射波形和方向性的影响。     

一种低剖面宽带全向天线的设计

在现代通信中,为了实现在相同空间内装备更多的通信设备,需要让不同的通信设备共用同一天线,为了解决实际使用需求和耦合等干扰问题,设计了一款采用特殊的加载方法来实现低剖面宽频段的全向天线。对该天线的辐射原理、电磁特性及敏感参数等问题进行了讨论和仿真分析,并制作出了样机天线。对样机天线进行了实际测试,测试结果证实该天线具有低剖面、宽频带和全向辐射特性,与分析结果相一致,因此该天线能够解决在有限空间内装备更多的通信设备的实际使用需求。     

Double-Sided Exponentially Tapered GPR Antenna and Its Transmission Line Feed Structure

A double-sided broadband antenna for applications including ground-penetrating radar for detecting buried target is described. When compared with traditional coplanar-strip antennas, a better performance is achieved with a more practical design for construction. The steps in the design procedure are demonstrated herein. In addition, using incremental segments of current elements, a distributed dipole array model is derived and presented for determining$S_11$in the time domain and for determining the radiation pattern of this antenna. By comparing measured results and HFSS simulations, our straightforward dipole array model of the more complicated antenna structure is justified by the accuracy of the results obtained. Finally, an experimental example is presented to show that this antenna in a GPR system application is effective in detecting even small plastic targets.     

Full-Wavelength Dipole Antenna on a Hybrid GaAs Membrane and Si Lens for a Terahertz Photomixer

A full-wavelength dipole antenna on a GaAs membrane, covered with a silicon lens to improve the output power of a terahertz (THz) photomixer, is proposed. A full-wavelength dipole antenna supported by a GaAs membrane structure has been proven to achieve both high input resistance and high radiation efficiency for improved overall efficiency. However, the antenna has insufficient directivity. An extended hemispherical lens was introduced in front of the antenna in a non-contact configuration and coupled to the antenna radiation to achieve high directivity by beam collimation. This approach greatly enhances the antenna directivity while avoiding an inherent obstacle of the input resistance reduction caused by the high permittivity lens substrate. The resulting antenna after optimization had a 3818-Ω input resistance and a 71.2% radiation efficiency, corresponding to approximately 57% total efficiency at the 1.07-THz resonance frequency. The total efficiency of this structure is approximately 6.8 times that of a full-wavelength dipole antenna with the same hemisphere lens size while exhibiting slightly lower directivity.     

一种新型的超宽带树形天线

提出了一种新型的双分枝树形超宽带天线,该天线是在矩形树形天线基础上由阶梯形缺口构成,采用了部分接地面技术和分形概念,测量结果表明天线的输入阻抗带宽达71.4%(2.7～5.7 GHz),同时数值仿真表明阶梯形缺口有利于天线阻抗匹配的改善,该天线为全向辐射,方向图与偶极子天线类似,天线增益为2.16～4.49 dB(3～5 GHz),与矩形树形天线相比,双分枝树形辐射单元面积减少28.5%。     

Simple reconfigurable antenna with radiation pattern

A radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna is proposed. By controlling the switch states, the antenna can be worked as a monopole antenna with an omnidirectional radiation pattern or a dipole antenna with reflector, which has directional radiation pattern. Detailed design considerations of the proposed antenna, simulated and experimental results are presented and discussed.     

A novel wideband and circularly polarized cross‐dipole antenna

In this paper, we present a novel wideband circularly polarized (CP) composite, called cavity‐backed crossed dipole antenna for 2.45 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band wireless communication. To excite the CP radiation effectively, a curved‐delay line providing an orthogonal phase difference among the cross‐dipole elements is attached at corners of the sequentially rotated elements. By choosing a proper radius of the curved‐delay line, a wide input impedance of the antenna can be realized. Unlike conventional cross‐dipole antennas, the proposed cross‐dipole antenna is designed with an open stub added to the radiating arms of the dipole so that both impedance and axial ratio bandwidths are enhanced. The antenna is center‐fed by a 50‐Ω coaxial cable and is placed above a cavity‐backed reflector to obtain a directional CP radiation pattern. With the advantage of being center‐fed, a symmetric CP radiation pattern can be achieved across the entire operating bandwidth. To further improve the directivity and the radiation pattern, a rectangular cavity‐backed reflector is used. Simulated and measured results confirm that the proposed antenna has good CP characteristics. The proposed antenna obtains a broad 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidth of 49% (1.20 GHz, 1.96–3.16 GHz) and an impedance bandwidth of 67.7% (1.66 GHz, 1.69–3.35 GHz) for reflection coefficient (S₁₁) ≦ −10 dB. It also yields an average CP gain of 9.2 dBic across the operating bandwidth and a peak CP gain of 10 dBic. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

UWB TEM HORN ANTENNA FOR THE ASPHALT PAVEMENT INVESTIGATION简

A simple Ultra-WideBand （UWB） exponentially-tapered Transverse ElectroMagnetic （TEM） horn antenna is presented for the asphalt detection based on Ground Penetrating Radar （GPR） In order to reduce the reflections from the antenna aperture, some absorbing material is loaded on the outer surface of the conductor. Comparing with the traditional TEM horn antenna, the proposed antenna has a small size and a large impedance bandwidth. Simulated and measured results show that the proposed TEM horn antenna has a low Voltage Standing Wave Ratio （VSWR） below 2 over the whole band from 0.35 GHz to 12 GHz, good radiation characteristics, and small late-time ringing, which can perfectly meet the requirements of the GPR application.     

Body-Worn Distributed MIMO System

In this paper, we analyze the performance of novel wearable multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems, which consist of multiple electrotextile wearable antennas distributed at different locations on human clothing. For wearable applications, a semidirectional radiation pattern of the wearable patch antenna is preferred over an omnidirectional radiation of conventional dipole antennas to avoid unnecessary radiation exposure to the human body and radiation losses. Additionally, the spatial distribution of the antennas is not constrained as a typical handheld unit. Through theoretical modeling and simulation, the wearable MIMO system is shown to demonstrate a significantly higher channel capacity than a conventional system on a handheld platform (e.g., a compact dipole array or a single dipole), due to enhanced spatial diversity and antenna pattern diversity. The unique effects of antenna directivity and location on the MIMO system capacity are investigated in terms of antenna correlation and effective gain under different wireless channel models. The advantage of a wearable system over a conventional system was further confirmed by detailed physical modeling through the combination of full-wave electromagnetic and ray-tracing simulations. Finally, complex channel response matrices were measured to characterize the performance of a body-worn MIMO system in comparison with a reference full-size dipole antenna. The 319% improvement in 10% outage capacity for the body-worn system over the reference system made of a full-size dipole antenna is consistent with the 288% improvement projected by theoretical modeling and the average 300% improvement found in the physical simulation of two typical indoor scenarios.     

Ultra-wideband microstrip-fed planar elliptical dipole antenna

A small planar elliptical dipole antenna designed for ultra-wideband applications is proposed. With trimmed elliptical radiation patches and microstrip-coupled feeding structure, it exhibits excellent broadband behaviours and radiation patterns similar to those of a conventional dipole antenna. The simulated and measured results are in good agreement.