双回路蓄能器充液阀的设计与研究

为了提高轮式挖掘机制动系统的可靠性,采用换向阀和控制阀的组合形式设计了一种双回路蓄能器充液阀,并在单回路的基础上增加了一个内置梭阀,能够同时为前、后桥2个蓄能器迅速充液。利用AMESim软件仿真分析了前、后桥蓄能器压力的变化和充液阀至下游流量的变化,结果表明充液过程中前、后桥蓄能器压力上升迅速且平稳,到达上限压力时换向阀迅速换向;针对仿真结果,对充液阀进行了充液试验,试验结果中前、后桥蓄能器压力变化曲线与仿真结果基本吻合。研究结果表明设计的充液阀充液过程迅速且平稳,能够在工程车辆的全液压制动系统及相关领域中得到广泛应用。     

压裂泵凡尔阀动态排液性能仿真研究

针对凡尔阀关闭滞后引起泵排量减少及凡尔阀开启阻力过大使排液性能变差等问题,在虚拟试验中,以某型压裂泵的凡尔阀为研究对象,利用系统性能仿真方法建立压裂泵液力端仿真模型,对压裂泵排液动态特性进行仿真。研究了弹簧刚度、阀盘质量对泵排出流量的影响及弹簧刚度、阀盘质量、阀座孔径对泵排出压力的影响。结果表明：泵排出流量、排出压力受阀座孔径影响较大而受弹簧刚度和阀盘质量影响较小;在各弹簧刚度和阀盘质量取值下泵的平均排出流量均在4000 L/min左右,平均排出压力均在140 MPa左右;泵的瞬时排出流量和瞬时排出压力随弹簧刚度、阀盘质量的增大而增大,随阀座孔径的增大而减小。研究结果对于优化凡尔阀设计,提高压裂泵排液性能具有重要的参考价值。     

充液阀系对液力缓速器制动转矩起效的迟滞影响

迅速起效是重型车辆对液力缓速辅助制动系统的核心需求之一,但目前对液力缓速器工作腔内从气相到液相间瞬态制动起效过程的预测方法难以考虑充液阀系流动状态的影响,导致制动转矩起效时间的预测与测试存在较大偏差。为获取阀系对充液过程影响规律以准确预测制动起效时间,分别构建有无考虑充放液阀系流动的两种全流道液力缓速器计算模型,以全气相流场作为充液瞬态数值模拟初始条件,以流体进出充放液阀流速作为仿真边界条件,对比研究两种模型在制动过程中内流场参数分布特征,以及对应缓速制动转矩的瞬态变化趋势,并进行试验验证。结果表明,充液阀系对瞬态制动转矩起效具有明显的迟滞效应,未考虑阀系模型的瞬态制动特性计算结果与试验存在明显偏差,尤其对起效时间的预测过于理想化,而实测给定工况下最大时间迟滞可达4 s;考虑充放液阀系流动的液力-液压集成流动模型的预测精度较高,起效时间偏差不足0.8 s。利用所提出的预测方法能够为液力缓速器制动控制策略设计和整车制动系统设计提供理论依据。     

优先阀颤振啸叫问题仿真分析

优先阀配套于商用飞机液压系统,用于优先保证系统中主飞控系统的供油。在液压系统的实际工作过程中,当主飞控系统供油压力突然降低、液压系统中蓄能器放油时,常常会产生颤振、啸叫(鸣叫)等现象。建立了优先阀的数学模型及AMESim仿真模型,仿真分析了相关结构参数对阀动态特性的影响,并进行了参数优化。仿真分析结果表明,在优先阀其他结构参数不变的情况下,主阀阻尼孔径、先导阀座阻尼孔径及导阀弹簧刚度分别选为0.9 mm, 1.5 mm, 6.0 N/mm时,阀的动态特性效果最佳,当阀工况发生变化时,可有效改善阀芯颤振现象。     

基于AMEsim的全液压制动压力特性的仿真分析

为了研究影响全液压制动系统制动压力特性的影响因素,首先介绍了轮式装载机全液压制动系统的结构和工作原理,然后通过AMEsim软件对单回路制动系统进行建模仿真,分析了不同元件的不同参数对液压制动压力的影响,得到了相关仿真曲线,为全液压制动系统实际设计时提供了一些参考。     

新型十字摆盘驱动式水液压轴向柱塞泵阀配流系统设计

针对一种新型十字摆盘驱动式水液压轴向柱塞泵的配流阀系统结构参数与泵转速、柱塞直径不匹配导致的容积效率不足的问题,搭建了该新型泵的ADAMS-AMESim固液耦合仿真模型。在额定转速下,分析了配流阀阀芯质量、弹簧刚度、弹簧预紧力、阀芯球面直径对其容积效率的影响,并对其配流系统进行优化设计。结果表明:新型泵的容积效率随着配流阀弹簧刚度、预紧力的增加而增加,随着配流阀阀芯质量、阀芯球面直径的增加而减少,且吸液阀结构参数的变化对容积效率影响大于排液阀。因此,在设计新型泵的配流阀时可适当提高阀芯复位弹簧刚度和预紧力,适当减小阀芯质量和阀芯球面直径,以提高新型泵的容积效率。     

牙轮钻机蓄能器充液系统的研究

蓄能器充液特性对液压系统的压力稳定有重要作用。该研究对牙轮钻机充液系统的充液特性及其关键结构元件——充液阀特性进行研究。在蓄能器充液过程中,对充液阀进行机理分析,建立数学模型,搭建AMESim仿真模型,得出蓄能器在工作状态下的压力、流量随时间变化的变化规律,揭示了充液阀满足充液系统性能要求。     

一种高压大流量插装式先导型溢流阀的仿真分析与优化设计

针对一种高压大流量插装式先导型溢流阀展开仿真分析与优化设计。首先对溢流阀主要结构参数进行初步设计计算;然后根据溢流阀内部结构建立AMESim仿真模型并进行仿真,对主阀阻尼孔、先导阀阻尼孔、主阀弹簧刚度、主阀弹簧预紧力、先导阀弹簧刚度、先导阀弹簧预紧力等重要参数进行特性影响分析;最后根据仿真分析结果,采用响应曲面与非支配排序遗传算法相结合的方法,求解一定范围内溢流阀最优结构参数,实现溢流阀满足高压大流量指标且调压偏差尽量小的要求。     

重型特种车气压ABS阀建模与调压性能分析

气压防抱死调压阀为制动系统压力控制的关键阀件,其调压特性会影响气压制动回路的延迟特性。现基于调压阀电磁-机械耦合特性,解析阀芯、膜片运动方程,并构建了调压阀AMESim仿真模型。以此分析调压阀的静、动态特性,获取了结构参数、控制信号等对压力调节特性的影响机理;通过数据拟合,定量分析了调压响应特性参数影响规律。仿真结果表明,管路直径对增压响应时间影响程度大于降压响应时间;膜片直径对降压时间影响程度较大;脉冲信号占宽比对动态压力调节特性影响较大。通过分析各参数对不同性能的影响可知,利用此模型可高效分析ABS调压阀调节特性;全面获取了调压阀性能参数,可为ABS控制策略优化提供数据支持;定量分析的数据结果可为优化气压制动系统响应时间提供依据。     

地铁车辆空重车阀仿真分析及研究

介绍了空重车阀的结构特性与工作机理,运用AMESim仿真软件对其进行建模仿真,并对实物进行试验研究,将试验数据与仿真结果进行分析对比,验证模型的正确性。重点分析关键部件阀芯弹簧刚度和预紧力、输出压力孔径变化等设计参数对空重车阀输出压力的影响规律。最后,通过优化设计参数研制出性能优异的空重车阀,并验证了优化后的产品试验数据与仿真结果的一致性。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.