Basofil纤维分散染料染色性能研究

该文以不同结构的分散染料对难染色的Basofil纤维染色,就其上染情况进行分析并得出染料结构与扩散系数和染色活化能的关系.     

聚甲醛纤维的染色动力学研究

选用分散染料分散红S-5BL对聚甲醛(POM)纤维和涤纶(PET纤维)进行染色,通过绘制上染速率曲线,计算出分散红染料在纤维上的扩散系数、染色速率常数及半染时间,比较了二者的染色动力学,并探讨了POM纤维结构与其染色性能的关系。结果表明:与PET纤维相比,在相同的染色温度下,POM纤维的扩散系数和染色速率常数较低,半染时间较大,扩散活化能较大;染色温度为80～95℃,POM纤维的上染量明显高于PET纤维,染色温度为100～110℃时,POM纤维和PET纤维的上染量接近;POM纤维的结晶度和取向度均较高,因而分散红染料分子进入POM纤维内部的能阻较大。     

共聚酯共混改性丙纶染色动力学研究

以阳离子蓝X-GRRL为染料,根据100℃时,常压阳离子染料可染共聚酯共混改性丙纶在不同时间的上染量,采用无限染浴模型计算染料分子在改性丙纶中的扩散系数,据此求出染色过程的扩散活化能。其结果如下:100℃时阳离子蓝X-GRRL染料在改性丙纶中的扩散系数为1．8×10 -11cm2／s,是丙纶的扩散系数的10 000倍以上;扩散活化能为89．13 kJ／mol。     

分散染料微胶囊染色动力学

为了探索分散染料微胶囊在涤纶无助剂高温高压染色过程中的动力学行为,文中采用分散染料微胶囊、纯分散染料和商品分散染料,通过薄膜卷层法测定染料的扩散系数及扩散速率;通过建立染色动力学模型,研究分散染料微胶囊在涤纶无助荆高温高压染色的染色速率常数、平衡上染量及半染时间。结果表明：对染料进行微胶囊化并没有改变分散染料的扩散系数、扩散速率,但改变了染色速率常数及半染时间。     

大豆蛋白纤维针织物电化学染色动力学初探——扩散系数与外加电压U的关系

本文从动力学角度出发研究了大豆蛋白纤维针织物电化学染色扩散系数与槽电压和温度的关系.实验表明当槽电压和温度增加时,扩散系数均比常规染色增加.这说明电化学染色可以增加染料的上染速率.     

直接染料对甲壳胺纤维的染色性能

探讨了中性盐、温度、染料用量对甲壳胺纤维直接染料染色性能的影响，比较了脱脂棉和甲壳胺纤维的染色性能。实验结果表明：中性盐对染料的影响与染料的磺酸基的数目有关，对4～6个磺酸基，中性盐起促染作用．对双磺酸基，起缓染作用：而在70℃时染色的上染速度明显快于40℃，染料浓度在2％时几乎尽染，当上升到8％时上染率仍在70％以上；甲壳胺纤维的上染速度和上染率明显高于棉，其可染性、染色速度、表观染色深度远高于棉易产生染色不匀现象。     

仪纶染色动力学研究

根据传统的染色动力学理论,绘制不同颜色分散染料对仪纶的上染速率曲线,研究了三原色染料分散红HFW-4B、分散黄HFW-3R、分散蓝XFJJ对仪纶染色过程的动力学机理。结果表明,分散红染料上染仪纶纤维的染色速率常数最小,半染时间最长,扩散系数最低,但平衡吸附量最大,纤维易深染,而分散黄染料对仪纶的上染速率最快,但平衡吸附量最小,不易对纤维进行深染。     

含长碳链蒽醌型聚丙烯用红色染料的合成与应用

本文以正丁胺，正辛胺，正十二胺，正十八胺和1-硝基蒽醌为原料，分别合成1-烷氨基蒽醌红色染料；并以1-氨基-2-溴-4-羟基蒽醌和壬基酚为原料合成了1-氨基-2-壬基苯氧基-4-羟基蒽醌红色染料，合成的1-正丁氨基蒽醌，1-正辛氨基蒽醌，1-正十二氨基蒽醌和1-正十八氨基蒽醌，商品染料分散红3B和1-氨基-2-壬基苯氧基-4-羟基蒽醌染料的熔点分别为：81.2℃，98.7℃,81.6℃，84.0℃，161.0℃，热分解点分别为：318.2℃.323.2℃,324.6℃，361.5℃，394.5℃和311.5℃，最大吸收波长分别为504.4nm,504.2nm,505.6nm,504.6nm,516.0nm和514.3nm。在染色条件下，经过120分钟染色，六只染料在聚丙烯纤维上的上染率分别为42.1%,69.1%,72.2%,76.6%,20.7%和51.0%。     

复合胺改性PA6纤维的染色动力学与热力学研究

在己内酰胺水解聚合时加入一定量的可反应型复合胺类政性剂(HAS),合成含有HAS的PA6树脂,经纺丝得到PA6纤维。选择酸性蓝AGL染料,研究了HAS改性PA6纤维的酸性染料上染热力学和动力学参数。结果表明:经改性后PA6纤维90℃时染色亲和力由22．01 kJ／mol增至23．35 kJ／mol,染色热(绝对值)由5．99kJ／mol降至2．16 kJ／mol,染色熵由44．06 J／mol·K增至58．37 J／mol·K;90℃染料扩散系数由1．24×10-14m2／s增至1．53×10-14m2／s,染色活化能由14．89 kJ／mol降至10．05 kJ／mol。改性后酸性AGL染料更容易上染纤维,改性纤维的酸性染料上染性能得到改善。     

三只通用染料对涤纶纤维的染色性能研究

染色实验中发现分子量相近的一只吡唑啉酮型通用染料和两支萘系通用染料对涤纶纤维的染色性能却差别很大为了能从染料分子结构的微观角度解释这一现象，采用量子化学从头算法在HF／3-21G水平上对这三只通用染料的分子结构进行了优化．得到染料分子的最稳定构型：再通过Hyperchem程序计算出染料分子的空间体积结果表明，三只染料对涤纶纤维染色性能的差异不是由染料分子本身体积差异所致，而是由染料分子亲水性差异所致。     

Dye–fiber interactions in PET fibers: Hydrogen bonding studied by IR‐spectroscopy

Dye–fiber interactions are studied in poly (ethylene terephthalate) fibers by FT‐IR spectroscopy. It is shown for the first time that DRIFTS (diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy) serves as an easy applicable and accurate technique for the study of fibrous structures. This article focuses on the possible hydrogen bond interactions in the dye–fiber system, where the PET fibers are dyed with anthraquinone‐based disperse dyes. The dyes and related anthraquinone structures are studied in both the dilute solution state, the solid state, and as present in the PET fibers. It is proven that 1‐amino anthraquinones show strong “chelate‐type” intramolecular hydrogen bonding in all three states. In the fibers an important supplementary intermolecular hydrogen bonding with the C?O groups in the PET fiber is observed. The extend of hydrogen bonding seems to be prone to dye concentration variations. Further analysis by modulated differential scanning calorimetry links the hydrogen bonding to an intrinsic plasticizing effect of the dyes affecting the dye diffusion process. This thus offers a tool for the fundamental understanding of the dyeing process and possible observed differences in dyeing behavior in dye–fiber systems. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Effect of microencapsulation on dyeing behaviors of disperse dyes without auxiliary solubilization

Microencapsulated disperse dye can be used to dye hydrophobic fabric in the absence of auxiliaries and without reduction clearing. However, little available information for dyeing practice is provided with respect to the effect of microencapsulation on the dyeing behaviors of disperse dyes. In this research, disperse dyes were microencapsulated under different conditions. The dyeing behaviors and dyeing kinetic parameters of microencapsulated disperse dye on PET fiber, e.g., dyeing curves, build up properties, equilibrium adsorption capacity C_∞, dyeing rate constant K, half dyeing time t_1/2, and diffusion coefficient D were investigated without auxiliary solubilization and compared with those of commercial disperse dyes with auxiliary solubilization. The results show that the dyeing behaviors of disperse dye are influenced greatly by microencapsulation. The diffusion of disperse dyes from microcapsule onto fibers can be adjusted by the reactivity of shell materials and mass ratios of core to shell. The disparity of diffusibility between two disperse dyes can be reduced by microencapsulation. In addition, the microencapsulation improves the utilization of disperse dyes due to no auxiliary solubilization. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Low‐temperature carrier dyeing of poly(vinyl chloride) fibers with disperse dyes

The effects of various carriers on the color yield of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) filaments in a disperse dyeing system were investigated. The dyeability of disperse dyes on PVC fiber was improved using appropriate carriers. The enhancement of dye uptake imparted by carriers coincided with the reduction in glass‐transition temperature, which in turn coincided approximately with the similarity of the inorganic/organic ratio values between PVC fibers and carriers. The results clearly demonstrate that hydrophobic carriers function as diluents of PVC fiber, facilitating dye diffusion by increasing segmental mobility of the fiber. The dyed PVC filaments with disperse dyes showed reasonable levels of build‐up and color fastness properties in the carrier‐assisted dyeing. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3896–3904, 2003     

分散染料在涤/锦双组分纤维上色差的色度学分析

将涤 /锦复合丝分离成单一组分的超细涤纶和锦纶。用常用的分散染料同浴染色后 ,测定了各染色样品的颜色三刺激值 ,并经过色度学计算。实验分析表明 ,分散染料对锦纶染色物的反射光主波长值较相应涤纶染色物向长波方向移动 ;蒽醌类分散染料在锦纶上的得色量较小 ,彩度较低 ;而偶氮类分散染料对涤 /锦染色的总色差较小 ,较适合于涤 /锦复合丝的染色。     

Disperse dyeing of polyester fibers: Kinetic and equilibrium study

The effect of temperature on the dyeing rate constant k, diffusion coefficient D, and time of half‐dyeing t_1/2 was evaluated for the dyeing of polyester fibers with two disperse dyes, an azo and an anthraquinone dye. Activation energies of diffusion E were calculated. The polyester dyeing equilibrium was also studied and the partition coefficient K and standard affinity Δμ° at various temperatures were determined for the anthraquinone dye. Standard enthalpy ΔH° and standard entropy ΔS° of dyeing were also obtained. The same equilibrium parameters were not obtained for the azo dye because of its dyeing behavior. A similar kinetic and equilibrium study was made for the pure azo and anthraquinone compounds free from the dispersing agents present in the commercial dyes and the results are discussed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 123–128, 2002     

Disperse dyeing of polyester fibers: Kinetic and equilibrium study

The effect of temperature on the dyeing rate constant k, diffusion coefficient D, time of half‐dyeing t_1/2 was evaluated for the dyeing of polyester fibers with two disperse dyes, an azo and an anthraquinone dye. Activation energies of diffusion E were calculated. The polyester dyeing equilibrium was also studied and the partition coefficient K and standard affinity Δμ° at various temperatures were determined for the anthraquinone dye. Standard enthalpy ΔH° and standard entropy ΔS° of dyeing were also obtained. The same equilibrium parameters were not obtained for the azo dye because of its dyeing behavior. A similar kinetic and equilibrium study was made for the pure azo and anthraquinone compounds free from the dispersing agents present in the commercial dyes and the results are discussed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 2785–2790, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.10254     

Interrelation between dyeing and thermal properties of PET fibers

The interrelation between dyeing and the thermal properties of micro and conventional poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers is studied with conventional and modulated differential scanning calorimetry. X‐ray diffraction, density, and birefringence studies are used to confirm the obtained results. It is shown that three studied anthraquinone dyes, in contrast to three studied benzodifuranone dyes, act as plasticizers for the fibers. A comparison between fibers and partially crystallized bulk samples is made. The specific fiber morphology makes the fibers more susceptible to plasticization than are bulk samples. This ability of a dye to lower the glass transition of the fibers will influence the dye diffusion and this information is needed to optimize the dyeing process for a specific dye–fiber combination. Further, the presence of an anthraquinone dye in the fiber alters the melting endotherm by changing the stability of the original crystals. The onset of the melting and recrystallization process is lowered. Although still well above the dyeing temperature, this lowering may be critical for the dimensional stability of the fabrics during any subsequent high‐temperature process. A first investigation of the effect of variations in the thermal properties on the obtained color strength after dyeing is reported. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 105–114, 2003     

芳纶1313的超高温高压染色研究

本文采用超高温高压法对芳纶1313进行染色,分别研究了染料种类和染色温度对芳纶1313纱线染色日晒牢度、K/S值及染透性等方面影响,结果发现,分散染料所染纱线的各项染色性能都比阳离子染料和还原染料好;随染色温度升高,日晒牢度、纤维表面颜色深度及其纤维染透性都得到了不同程度的改善,而纱线的断裂强度随染色温度的升高变化不大。     

Studies in dyeing. I. Effect of crystal modification of disperse dyes on their dyeing behavior

Three commerical disperse dyes and a laboratory-synthesized disperse azo dye were converted to different crystal forms. These were characterized by melting point, x-ray diffractograms, and their dyeing behavior on polyester fibers. The different crystal modifications of the same dye were shown to dye polyester fibers (but not polyamide fibers) at different rates and to different fiber saturation values. An attempt has been made to explain these differences based on a thermodynamic approach. An attempt is made to apply the concept of crystal modification of disperse dyes to some of the earlier studies done on dyeing and printing of disperse dyes on polyester and secondary cellulose acetate substrates reported in the literature.     

The solubility parameter concept applied to disperse dyeing of polymers

The solubility parameter concept offers a logical link between the theory of solutions and of nonionic (disperse) dyeing. An attempt has been made to apply the concept to correlate the solubility of several disperse dyes in secondary cellulose acetate, cellulose triacetate, and polypropylene with the calculated solubility parameters of both the polymers and the dyes. When the dyes are applied on hydrophilic polymers from an aqueous dispersion, the correlation between the solubility parameter concept and the dye solubility is not close. One of the reasons for this may be the fact that dyeing of the fibers is, in fact, not a solution in the dry fibers, but consists essentially either in displacement of water molecules from the water swollen fibers and/or, perhaps, in additional swelling by the dye. Consideration of this fact and also correcting for the contribution of hydrogen bonding and dipole interactions to the cohesive energy density brings the disperse dye solubility data into a better agreement with the concept. The concept should be applicable without complications to the dyeing of nonpreswollen fibers, such as polypropylene from aqueous dispersion, or any fiber by the Thermosol process and particularly to dyeing from the vapor phase. The few data available appear to support this view.