HCC汽油馏分加氢做BTX原料的研究

重质油裂解制乙烯（HCC）工艺的液体产物，汽油馏分中芳烃含量高达80X以上，是优质的BTX原料，但HCC汽油中含有烯烃、二烯烃、硫和氮等杂质，不能直接用来抽提生产芳烃。利用Pd／Mo—Co—Ni催化荆对HCC汽油馏分进行两段加氢精制试验，结果表明，利用该体系催化荆在适宜的操作条件下进行加氢精制可满足芳烃抽提对原料的要求。     

DCC与MIO汽油馏分的选择性加氢

ＤＣＣ汽油可以经选择性加氢改善其安定性，生产高辛烷值汽油调合组分；ＤＣＣ汽油经加氢精制后还可作为生产芳烃的抽提原料。ＭＩＯ汽油（包含Ｃ５的汽油馏分）经选择性加氢，蒸馏出的Ｃ５馏分可以直接进醚化装置生产ＴＡＭＥ；其余部分是很好的高辛烷值汽油调合组分。     

加氢焦化汽油作重整原料的工业试验

为寻求焦化汽油出路和缓解催化重整装置原料不足的矛盾,安庆石化总厂对焦化汽油深度加氢精制后以不同比例调入直馏油作重整原料进行工业试验。结果表明,焦化汽油加氢精制后可作重整原料,且掺炼比可达３５％。     

焦化汽油加氢精制作大化肥原料

焦化汽油硫、氮、烯烃含量高，氧化安定性差，选用适当的催化剂和工艺条件进行加氢精制，可使其硫、氮含量降至0．5μg/g以下，总烯烃质量分数降至0．5％以下，芳烃质量分数为5％—7％，其质量优于直馏石脑油，达到了大化肥原料的指标要求。试验研究和3年多的工业化应用结果表明，焦化汽油深度加氢精制后可以作为制氢制氨的优良原料。     

焦化汽油加氢试生产重整原料的技术分析

在0.6Mt/a柴油加氢精制装置上利用焦化汽油为原料进行重整原料油的试生产，改善了焦化汽油的性质，降低了硫，氮和可导致重整催化剂中毒的金属含量及烯烃含量，提高了饱和烃的含量，生产出了合格的重整原料，该技术拓宽了重整原料来源，较好地解决了焦化汽油的出路问题。     

焦化汽油加氢作合成氨原料的工业试验

总结了焦化汽油馏分低压加氢精制生产合成氨原料的工业试验情况。结果表明,焦化汽油馏分在氢分压大于2．5MPa,体积空速1．0－1．3h^-1,氢油体积比大于450,反应器最高点温度大于375℃时,加氢精制后可作为合成氨原料,这为焦化汽油馏分的出路探索出了一条新路。     

催化裂化汽油馏分中烯烃的加氢饱和反应规律研究

 在中型试验装置上考察了催化裂化汽油馏分（FCCN）加氢精制过程中烯烃加氢饱和反应规律。FCCN加氢脱硫与烯烃饱和反应均随反应温度升高而加快,但烯烃饱和率随反应温度升高变化幅度相对更大;对于不同结构的烯烃,相同反应条件下二烯烃饱和率最高,其次是正构烯烃和异构烯烃,环烯烃饱和率最低;反应温度变化对环烯烃的影响相对较显著;异构烯烃的饱和反应对氢分压变化敏感程度低于正构烯烃和环烯烃;随体积空速变化,正构烯烃与异构烯烃饱和率变化趋势基本一致;氢油体积比对烯烃饱和反应影响较小。     

浅谈加氢焦化汽油做乙烯原料

介绍了乙烯原料的选择原则，从经济方面简述了炼厂加氢焦化汽油做乙烯原料的可行性。     

全馏分催化汽油选择性加氢脱硫工艺填补国内空白

为适应原油结构的调整和汽油产品质量升级的需要,九江石化依靠科技进步,继Ⅱ加氢装置在高空速下生产出欧Ⅳ标准柴油,实现加氢技术领域高端突破后,该厂与抚顺石油化工研究院共同对Ⅰ柴油加氢精制装置进行全馏分催化汽油选择性加氢脱硫工艺改造(简称FRS工艺),硫含量降至200×10-6     

催化裂化轻汽油馏分分离工艺研究

从催化裂化汽油中切割分离出沸点小于70℃的轻汽油馏分,其中含有大量C5-C6叔碳烯烃,可作为与甲醇进行醚化反应的原料。采用AspenPlus软件进行了模拟计算,考察了塔板数、进料位置、回流比及操作压力等工艺条件对叔碳烯烃分离效果的影响,并与实验值进行了对比。结果表明,在切割塔理论板数为18块,进料位置为第12块理论板,回流比为0．8,压力为0．2MPa的条件下,轻汽油收率为42％,叔碳烯烃总收率为94．90％,模拟计算值与实验值基本吻合。     

Catalytic upgrading of coking gasoline fraction

The upgrading of the coking gasoline fraction in a reactor with a fluidized bed of a zeolite-containing catalyst is studied with the aim of enhancing the octane number. The use of the products obtained from upgrading a mixture of catalytically cracked and coking gasoline fractions is shown to be expedient for producing AI-93 high-octane gasoline, which helps solve the problem of expanding the raw-material resources for the production of high-octane unleaded gasoline.     

BTX分离流程能量集成研究

综述了苯、甲苯、二甲苯(BTX)分离的普通流程、热泵流程(包括常压直接序列热泵流程、常压间接序列热泵流程)和热集成流程。提出了新的BTX热耦分离流程,它由预分塔和主塔构成,通过预分塔使轻、重关键组分分离,主塔则对预分产物进一步分离,得到目的产品;并提出相应热耦流程的模拟方法。使用流程模拟软件对常压直接序列热泵流程、常压间接序列热泵流程、热集成流程、热耦合流程进行了全流程模拟设计,在模拟数据的基础上,对各流程进行了有效能分析。常压热泵流程由于压缩机功耗大,损在109 GJ/h左右;热集成流程换热物流温位匹配合理,泵及压缩机损也小,在90.1 GJ/h左右;热耦合流程再沸炉内传热损较大,主塔塔顶汽不能用于加热工艺物流,冷却损大,在103 GJ/h左右。最终确定热集成流程是BTX分离过程的能量集成最优流程。     

Study of individual hydrocarbon's composition of gasoline fraction of Tamsagbulag oil, Mongolia

In order to conduct complex research in oil that originated in Mongolia for further application of petroleum not only as fuel but also as raw material for organic synthesis, we need to study the physical and chemical characteristics, individual and group hydrocarbon's composition of main petroleum fractions. A number of studies and surveys on the physical and chemical characteristics, group hydrocarbon's composition of petroleum deposits in Zuun-Bayan, Sukhaibulag, Tsagaan Elst, Tamsagbulag have been carried out earlier through n-g-M, aniline point, dispersimetric methods successfully. Yet a detailed chromatographical and NMR spectroscopic study for individual hydrocarbon's composition of Tamsagbulag oil main fractions has not been conducted. In the present study, the results of GC analyses of gasoline fractions of wells 19-3, 19-13 and 19-10, Tamsagbulag, Eastern Mongolia were presented. The gasoline fractions of given wells are characterized by high concentration of paraffins and presence of trace amount of olefins. A total of 69 paraffins, 45 naphthenes, 41 aromatics and 3 olefins were identified, totalling 158 individual hydrocarbons from each samples of gasoline fraction. The first attempts to classify Tamsagbulag oil under individual hydrocarbon composition data were successfully conducted and the hypothesis (supposition) of a genetic classification of given oil as “sapropelic” type was made.     

Mathematical description of hydrofining of catalytically cracked light gasoline fraction

A regression model of the process of hydrofining of catalyticallycracked light gasoline fraction, which describes the experimental data accurately, has been developed. The quantitative ratios showing the influence of the basic technological parameters on the process indices (data) have been established. The optimal values of the input variables, which allow for production of gasoline with maximum octane number and minimum sulfur content, have been determined.     

Conversion of the straight-run gasoline fraction of high-paraffin oil on a zeolite catalyst

The conversion of the straight-run gasoline fraction of high-paraffin crude oil into the high-octane gasoline over niobium-zirconium-aluminosilicate catalyst with the ZSM-5 zeolite structure has been studied. The influence of the process conditions on the yield, composition, and performance characteristics of the product gasoline has been shown. It has been found that in the presence of the catalyst, the required quality of gasoline can be reached by varying the process conditions. Using ammonia thermal desorption and differential thermal analysis techniques, data on the acid characteristics of the zeolite catalyst and the amount of coke formed on its surface during the conversion of straight-run gasoline have been obtained. The catalyst operation stability in the model reaction of methanol-to-hydrocarbons conversion has been estimated.     

甲醇汽油对橡胶的溶胀性

采用浸泡法分别考察了93~#汽油、M15甲醇汽油、M100甲醇汽油及甲醇对汽车上常用的4种橡胶(丁腈橡胶、硅橡胶、氟橡胶及三元乙丙橡胶)O型圈溶胀性的影响,并通过热重实验进一步探讨了橡胶的溶胀性能。实验结果表明,氟橡胶和硅橡胶在M15甲醇汽油中溶胀性明显;丁腈橡胶和三元乙丙橡胶的抗溶胀性较好,且线径变化率相似,但丁腈橡胶的质量变化率和内径变化率明显低于三元乙丙橡胶,说明丁腈橡胶较适合在甲醇汽油中使用。热重实验结果表明,丁腈橡胶在4种油品中浸泡后,它的基本结构并未被破坏。丁腈橡胶浸泡前后分解温度及活化能的变化表明,丁腈橡胶在M15甲醇汽油和M100甲醇汽油浸泡后热稳定性增强,较适合在甲醇汽油中使用。     

凝析油用作调和汽油的工艺研究

分析了凝析油的物性及其烃类组成,通过脱除胶质、添加助溶剂和辛烷值改进剂等处理工艺,可将凝析油作为调和汽油的主成分。进行了助溶剂筛选及调和方案优化实验,结果表明,以异戊醇和甲醇作助溶剂,甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）作辛烷值改进剂,93#汽油的调和方案为y（助剂A）：V（凝析油）：V（MTBE）为3：9：2,其中助剂A为甲醇与异戊醇的混合物,且V（甲醇）：V（异戊醇）为11：3,其性能符合国家车用汽油的标准要求。