Gas-phase photocatalytic degradation of trichloroethylene on pretreated TiO2

This paper reports the effects of preillumination, prechlorination and prehydroxylation of TiO₂ glass fiber cloth (TiO₂-GFC) on the photocatalytic degradation (PCD) reaction of trichloroethylene (TCE) in gas–solid regime. The reaction was monitored in situ by FT-IR spectroscopy at room temperature (298 K). Product analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) revealed the formation of a new by-product, 1,1-dichloroethane (1,1-DCE) in significant amount along with other known by-products. The photocatalytic activities of TiO₂-GFC and the mineralization of TCE were dependent on preillumination, prehydroxylation and prechlorination while the product yield was significantly influenced by prehydroxylation and prechlorination of TiO₂-GFC. Prechlorination increased the yields of phosgene (COCl₂) and pentachloroethane (C₂HCl₅) while prehydroxylation decreased the yield of COCl₂ with corresponding increases in the yield of oxalyl chloride (COClCOCl) and the mineralization of TCE, suggesting a possible surface-mediated hydrolysis of phosgene to COClCOCl in the latter case. Reaction schemes have been proposed to account for the formation of 1,1-DCE and COClCOCl. The photocatalytic activity of TiO₂-GFC and the mineralization of TCE have been found to correlate with the concentration of HCl employed for the prechlorination of TiO₂-GFC.     

Reduced formation of undesirable by-products from photocatalytic degradation of trichloroethylene

Photocatalytic degradation of trichloroethylene (TCE) was investigated using a tubular photoreactor packed with TiO₂ powders prepared by sol–gel techniques. Powders of the following metals: Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu and Pt, or Ca(OH)₂ were uniformly mixed with the TiO₂ powders and then their effect on the formation of COCl₂, CHCl₃, and CHCl₂COCl as by-products was examined. Concentrations of COCl₂ and CHCl₃ were determined in a product gas stream by GC/MS while CHCl₂COCl accumulated on the catalyst surface. When the catalysts were immersed in water after TCE photodegradation, the formation of Cl^- and CHCl₂COO⁻ ions was confirmed by ion-chromatography. Of the chemicals tested, only Cu and Ca(OH)₂ inhibited the formation of the chlorinated by-products. With increasing Cu and Ca(OH)₂ content, TCE conversion decreased while the stoichiometric ratio ([CO₂]_formed/[TCE]_degraded) increased. Concentrations of COCl₂, CHCl₃, and CHCl₂COCl decreased with increasing Cu and Ca(OH)₂ content. Especially, the formation of COCl₂ was remarkably suppressed with Ca(OH)₂.     

Hydrothermal synthesis of Ba(Ti, Sn)O3 fine powders and dielectric properties of the corresponding ceramics

Fine powders of submicron-sized crystallites of BaTiO₃ were prepared at 85–130°C by the hydrothermal method, starting from TiO₂.ξH₂O gel and Ba(OH)₂ solution. The products obtained below 110°C incorporated considerable amounts of H₂O and OH⁻ in the lattice. As-prepared BaTiO₃ is cubic and converts to the tetragonal phase after heat treatment at 1200°C, accompanied by the loss of residual OH⁻ ions. Hydrothermal reaction of SnO₂.ξH₂O gel with Ba(OH)₂ at 150–260°C gives rise to the hydrated phase, BaSn(OH)₆.3H₂O, due to the amphoteric nature of SnO₂.ξH₂O which stabilises Sn(OH)₆²⁻ anions in basic media. On heating in air or releasing the pressure in situ at 260°C, BaSn(OH)₆.3H₂O converts to BaSnO₃ through an intermediate, BaSnO(OH)₄. Solid solutions of Ba(Ti,Sn)O₃ are directly formed from (TiO₂ + SnO₂)..ξH₂O gel up to 35 mol% SnO₂. At higher Sn contents, the hydrothermal products are mixtures of BaSn(OH)₆.3H₂O and BaTiO₃, which on annealing at 1000°C result in monophasic Ba(Ti,Sn)O₃. The sintering characteristics and the dielectric properties of the ceramics prepared out of these fine powders are presented. The dielectric properties of fine-grained Ba(Ti,Sn)O₃ ceramics are explained on the basis of the prevailing diffuse phase transition behaviour.     

Preparation of BaTiO3 by the hydrothermal method

The results of hydrothermal preparation of BaTiO₃ fine powders are reported. The effects of the reaction temperature, the molar ratio of Ba/Ti in the precursors, the chemical form of the precursors on the phase composition, the size and the morphology of the products are presented. The higher the temperature, the higher the basicity and the greater the molar ratio of Ba/Ti in the precursor, the easier the formation of the perovskite type BaTiO₃ crystallite will be. It was found that BaTiO₃ microcrystals(150–300 nm) could be synthesized through the hydrothermal reaction of commercial TiO₂ with Ba(OH)₂ aqueous solution, while the hydrothermal reaction of the newly prepared Ti(OH)₄ gel with the Ba(OH)₂ solution produced highly crystallized, well dispersed perovskite type BaTiO₃ crystallites with very fine (< 100 nm) particles. The newly prepared Ti(OH)₄ gel proved to be suitable precursor for the hydrothermal preparation of BaTiO₃ fine powders. X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the hydrothermal BaTiO₃ powders reveals a simple cubic perovskite structure. Above that, the lattice constant decreased with the increase of the reaction temperature. These abnormal crystallographic features are assumed to result from lattice defects, due to OH⁻ incorporation in the perovskite lattice.     

TiO2-Al2O3复合粉体的制备及光催化性能

Al₂O₃陶瓷膜在过滤染料废水过程中容易被染料大分子堵塞,导致Al₂O₃陶瓷膜水通量下降。以钛酸丁酯、异丙醇铝为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Ti(OH)₄-AlOOH复合溶胶,经450 ℃烧成获得TiO₂-Al₂O₃复合粉体。以SEM、纳米粒度/电位仪作为主要表征手段,研究了不同Ti(OH)₄和AlOOH摩尔比对复合溶胶粒径分布的影响,进而探究TiO₂-Al₂O₃复合粉体的光催化性能。结果表明,Ti(OH)₄和AlOOH摩尔比为0~0.4时,随着Ti(OH)₄和AlOOH摩尔比的增大,胶粒的平均粒径从67.5 nm减小到34.0 nm,Ti(OH)₄-AlOOH复合溶胶的电位从43 mV升高至53 mV。当Ti(OH)₄和AlOOH摩尔比为0.4时,复合粉体对结晶紫的去除率高达79.3%,反应速率常数增大到了0.018 min^-1。TiO₂-Al₂O₃复合粉体制备的陶瓷膜能有效降解表面沉积的大分子,解决了陶瓷膜堵塞的问题。     

The CO–H2 and CO–H2O reactions over TiO2 nanotubes filled with Pt metal nanoparticles

We have investigated the catalytic behavior of Pt encapsulated TiO₂ nanotubes for the water gas shift reaction as well as the hydrogenation of CO. Pt–TiO₂ nanotube catalysts were prepared by employing fine fiber shaped crystals of [Pt(NH₃)₄](HCO₃)₂ complex as a structure determining template material. The turnover frequencies (TOF) of these nanotube catalysts were more than one order of magnitude larger than conventional impregnation Pt/TiO₂ catalysts, and the selectivity for methanol in CO–H₂ reaction was extraordinary high compared to the impregnation catalysts. The XPS and XRD analyses of the nanotubes revealed characteristic electronic state of reduced TiO₂ (Ti³⁺ in rutile structure) with zerovalent Pt even after the calcination at 773 K. In WGS reaction, electron rich Ti³⁺ on the nanotube wall may play an important role to activate water molecules for the oxidation of CO. In CO–H₂ reaction, similar promotion effect of Ti³⁺ species may be operating for selective methanol formation by supplying active OH(a).     

Remediation of pesticide contaminated soil using TiO2 mediated by solar light

Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of the pesticide Diuron (Nortox, 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea) was carried under laboratory conditions to evaluate the potential use of this technology for in situ remediation. Soil samples were spiked with three Diuron concentrations (10, 50 and 100 mg kg⁻¹), loaded with catalyst TiO₂ and exposed to solar light (22°S and 47°W, with an averaged intensity of 2 mW cm⁻² measured at 365 nm). Different catalyst loads (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2% w/w) were tested in Diuron contaminated soil (100 mg kg⁻¹) for up to 120 h of exposure. Both the catalyst and the Diuron concentration show no influence on the kinetics of the pesticide degradation. The effects of water (10% w/w) and Ca(OH)₂ (0.1% w/w) were also evaluated. Water increases the degradation rates, whereas the rise in the pH due to Ca(OH)₂ addition shows no measurable effect on the degradation. The photocatalytic treatment using TiO₂ combined with solar light is shown to be very efficient in the destruction of Diuron in the top 4 cm of contaminated soil, with the degradation rate markedly dependent on the irradiation intensity.     

Ru和Cu协同催化湿式氧化处理氨氮废水

采用化学还原法制备了RuCu/TiO₂双金属催化剂,并探究了Ru和Cu的协同作用对催化湿式氧化（CWAO）无害化处理氨氮废水催化性能的影响。研究结果表明,Cu的添加可有效改善Ru/TiO₂催化剂的N₂选择性,而Ru的存在可有效提高Cu/TiO₂催化剂的催化活性。反应条件为0.5 MPa、150℃、[NH₃]₀=1000 mg·L^-1、pH=12、模拟废水处理量为33 L·（kg cat）^-1·h^-1时,1Ru2Cu/TiO₂能使废水的氨氮转化率和N₂选择性分别高达87.7%和85.9%。表征结果表明：Ru和Cu的协同在催化氧化氨氮废水过程中起了关键作用,主要体现在：Ru和Cu的强相互作用导致1Ru2Cu/TiO₂催化剂具有良好的抗流失性能,进而使得催化剂具有良好的稳定性;Ru和Cu的电子转移使得1Ru2Cu/TiO₂具有适中的亲氧性能,有效提高了催化剂的催化活性。     

Products formed in aged Ca-polyester complexed polymer concrete containing cement paste

Poorly crystallized calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)₂] yielded from portland cement pastes incorporated in calcium-polyester complexed polymer concrete (Ca-UP PC) was slowly formed during 21 days' exposure in water at 24°C. Crystal growth continued as the hydration reactions proceeded. Ca(OH)₂ formed within the amorphous organic polymer layers after up to 90 days' exposure had little if any effect on the ultimate strength of the PC composites. Ca²⁺ ions increased with exposure time, and they act as strongly nucleophilic agents to enhance the formation of complexed COO⁻(Ca²⁺) groups. These contain an ionic bond between Ca²⁺ ion and carboxylate anion (COO⁻) produced by the hydrolysis of esters in UP polymer.     

钙镁氧化物及氢氧化物脱除SO3协同防治催化剂低温失活

在实验室中试台架上,开展了Ca(OH)₂、CaO、Mg(OH)₂和MgO四种碱基吸附剂粉体喷射脱除烟气SO₃的实验,研究了碱基吸附剂脱除烟气SO₃的影响因素,探究了碱基吸附剂脱除SO₃技术对选择性催化还原（SCR）催化剂硫酸氢铵失活温度的影响。采用比表面积法（BET）、傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）等手段对吸附剂进行表征,以判断吸附产物和吸附机理。结果显示：碱基氢氧化物吸附剂的SO₃脱除效果优于碱基氧化物吸附剂;Mg基吸附剂优于Ca基吸附剂;当烟气中SO₃浓度为35μL/L时,Mg(OH)₂含量为600mg/m³时具有最高的SO₃脱除效率,达到95%左右。对低温失活后的SCR催化剂进行FTIR表征证实了催化剂表面硫酸氢铵的生成。此外,通过碱基吸附剂降低烟气中SO₃浓度后,SCR催化剂在低温时的失活得到了显著缓解,可明显降低SCR催化剂的硫酸氢铵失活温度约20℃,有助于挖掘机组调峰深度。     

钙铝质矿相对碱激发矿渣氯离子固化能力的影响研究

本文提出了一类改性碱激发矿渣胶凝材料,通过在原材料中掺入额外的钙、铝质矿相(Ca(OH)₂和γ-Al₂O₃),促进材料基体中的Friedel's盐(F盐)在氯离子存在条件下的形成,进而提升胶凝材料的氯离子固化能力。本研究探讨了钙、铝质矿物含量对碱矿渣反应产物组成、氯离子固化量以及力学性能的影响。结果表明,钙、铝质矿相的额外补充可显著提高胶凝材料的氯离子固化能力,同时体系的m(Ca)/m(Al)与该能力的相关性较高。物相分析结果表明,钙质矿相的补充使得反应产物中拥有富余的Ca(OH)₂,在氯盐侵蚀作用下,富余的Ca(OH)₂全部转化为F盐或其他物相,证实了体系氯离子固化能力的增强得益于F盐的形成,即得益于化学固氯能力的提升。抗压强度测试结果,表明钙质矿物的掺入对力学性能存在一定负面影响,而铝质矿相的掺入则能够在一定程度上弥补强度损失。     

Environmentally friendly solid acid catalyst prepared by modifying TiO2 with cerium sulfate for the removal of volatile organic chemicals

An environmentally friendly solid acid catalyst, Ce(SO₄)₂/TiO₂ was prepared simply by modifying TiO₂ with Ce(SO₄)₂ for acid catalysis of volatile organic chemicals, 2-propanol and cumene. The characterization of prepared catalysts was performed using FTIR, XRD and DSC. The surface area of 7-Ce(SO₄)₂/TiO₂ calcined at 300 °C was very high (206.0 m²/g) compared to that of unmodified TiO₂ (115.2 m²/g) due to the interaction between Ce(SO₄)₂ and TiO₂. 7-Ce(SO₄)₂/TiO₂ containing 7 wt% Ce(SO₄)₂ and calcined at 300 °C exhibited maximum catalytic activities for both reactions, 2-propanol dehydration and cumene dealkylation. The catalytic activities for both reactions were correlated with the acid amounts of catalysts measured by an ammonia chemisorption method. The role of Ce results in an increase in the thermal stability of the surface sulfate species and consequently the acid amount of Ce(SO₄)₂/TiO₂ is increased. The asymmetric stretching frequency of the SO bonds for Ce(SO₄)₂/TiO₂ catalysts was related to the acidic properties and to the catalytic activity for acid catalysis to remove volatile organic chemicals, 2-propanol and cumene.     

Photodegradation catalyst screening by combinatorial methodology

In this work, a combinatorial methodology was developed for photodegradation catalyst screening. A fluorescence imaging detection system was designed for high throughput analysis, 1,6-hexamethylenediamine was used as the probe molecule for catalyst testing. The photodegradation activity of catalysts was evaluated by 1,6-hexamethylenediamine consumption during the photodegradation reaction. The methodology could provide reliable results. We found that pure TiO₂, ZrO₂, Nb₂O₅, MoO₃, and WO₃ did not show much activity for 1,6-hexamethylenediamine photodegradation under visible light. TiO₂ catalysts doped with different metal ions were tested. When TiO₂ was doped with Ta₂O₅, Nb₂O₅, V₂O₅, MoO₃, or WO₃, higher activity for photodegradation was observed. The doping of La³⁺, Ba²⁺, and Br⁻ to TiO₂ did not improve the catalytic activities. When doping TiO₂ with Mn²⁺, Cl⁻, Al³⁺, Cu²⁺, Fe³⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, Li⁺, F⁻, Co²⁺, or K⁺, catalytic activity was lower than that of pure TiO₂. After elaborate catalysts screening, we discovered new catalysts, such as 50–70% TiO₂/0–20% WO₃/20–40% VO_2.5 and 20–30% TiO₂/30–50% MoO₃/40–60% VO_2.5 as well as 30% WO₃/20% ZrO₂/50% NbO_2.5 (synthesized from ZrCl₄, NbCl₅, and (NH₄)₅H₅[H₂(WO₄)₆]·H₂O in ethanol solution or suspension) and 60–70% WO₃/Nb₂O₅ (synthesized from WCl₆ and NbCl₅ in ethanol solution). We observed that the catalytic activity is sensitive to preparation methods and catalyst specific surface areas. When P123 (HO(CH₂CH₂O)₂₀(CH₂CH(CH₃)O)₇₀(CH₂CH₂O)₂₀H, designated EO₂₀PO₇₀EO₂₀) was used as template to synthesize mesoporous materials, the mesoporous catalysts showed higher activity than regular catalytic materials.     

Pt/TiO_2催化二甲醚部分氧化重整制氢

二甲醚是一种理想的氢载体,可用于解决氢的储存和运输。以Pt/TiO_2为部分氧化催化剂,结合Ni/Al_2O_3重整催化剂,考察钛前驱体和焙烧温度对二甲醚部分氧化重整制氢反应的影响。结果表明,以Ti(C4H9O)4为原料制备的TiO_2为金红石相,Ti(SO4)2或Ti O(OH)2为原料制备的TiO_2为锐钛矿相;以Ti(C4H9O)4为原料制备的Pt/TiO_2-E催化剂催化性能略好,转化率接近100%,H2收率约90%,表明金红石相TiO_2负载的Pt催化剂略佳;以Ti(SO4)2为原料制备的Pt/TiO_2-S催化剂500℃焙烧可获得金红石相TiO_2。与Pt/Al_2O_3催化剂相比,Pt/TiO_2催化剂具有更好的催化性能,H2收率超过90%,而Pt/Al_2O_3催化剂H2收率约80%。     

Hydrogen production by catalytic gasification of cellulose in supercritical water

Cellulose, one of the important components of biomass, was gasified in supercritical water to produce hydrogen-rich gas in an autoclave which was operated batch-wise under high-pressure. K₂CO₃ and Ca(OH)₂ were selected as the catalysts (or promoters). The temperature was kept between 450°C and 500°C while pressure was maintained at 24–26 MPa. The reaction time was 20 min. Experimental results showed that the two catalysts had good catalytic effect and optimum amounts were observed for each catalyst. When 0.2 g K₂CO₃ was added, the hydrogen yield could reach 9.456 molkg^-1 which was two times of the H₂ amount produced without catalyst. When 1.6 g Ca(OH)₂ was added, the H₂ yield was 8.265 molkg^-1 which is lower than that obtained using K₂CO₃ as catalyst but is still 1.7 times that achieved without catalyst. Comparing with the results obtained using K₂CO₃ or Ca(OH)₂ alone, the use of a combination of K₂CO₃ and Ca(OH)₂ could increase the H₂ yield by up to 2.5 times that without catalyst and 25% and 45% more than that obtained using K₂CO₃ and Ca(OH)₂ alone, respectively. It was found that methane was the dominant product at relatively low temperature. When the temperature was increased, the methane reacts with water and is converted to hydrogen and carbon dioxide.     

The influence of Fe(III) speciation on supported TiO2 efficiency: example of monuron photocatalytic degradation

The degradation of herbicide monuron (initial concentration 5×10⁻⁵ M) in plate photoreactor with laminar flow of the solution using heterogeneous (TiO₂) and/or homogeneous photocatalyst (Fe(ClO₄)₃) was investigated. For the rate of photoinduced degradation with Fe(III) aquacomplexes, the initial concentration of monomer Fe(OH)²⁺, which is the most photocatalytically active form of Fe(III), is crucial. The degradation rate for combination of both photocatalysts is higher than the sum of the rates for separately taken single catalysts. This is caused not only by the addition of the two effects but also by the fact that Fe(III) acts as scavanger of electrons photogenerated in TiO₂ particles thus let down hole–electron recombination. Fe(OH)²⁺ appears to be the most photoactive trap for electrons.     

水力喷射-空气旋流器用于湿法烟气脱硫及其传质机理

在一种新型高效的气液传质设备--水力喷射-空气旋流器(WSA)中,以Ca(OH)₂料浆为吸收剂进行了模拟烟气湿法脱硫的实验研究。结果表明:脱硫率随进口气速增加而增加;随液体喷射速度增加先增加,增加到一定程度后几乎不变;随烟气中SO₂的进口浓度增加而减小,存在一适宜的Ca(OH)₂浓度和回流比。在气体流量24～72 m³·h^-1、循环液体量0.4～0.8 m³·h^-1、料浆中Ca(OH)₂浓度7500 g·m^-3时,对SO₂浓度为1891～6373 mg·m^-3的烟气进行湿法脱硫,脱硫率达88.9%～97.7%,且WSA的旋流气体和喷射液体在湿法脱硫中具有自清洁能力,未发现内部结垢和喷孔堵塞现象。总体积传质系数K_Ga、有效相界面积a均随进口气速u_G增大而增大,而总传质系数K_G随u_G增加变化较小;当液体喷射速度 u_L≤0.26 m·s^-1时,K_Ga和K_G随u_L增加快速增大,之后增加缓慢,而a随u_L几乎线性增加,K_Ga和K_G随吸收剂中Ca(OH)₂浓度c_L增加有一最大值。结合实验数据拟合得到了相关的经验公式,这些关联式能较好地预测WSA的湿法脱硫传质性能。气体旋流场强度对总体积传质系数K_Ga和有效相界面积a起支配作用,脱硫传质过程同时受气膜和液膜阻力控制,但以液膜控制为主。     

Preparation of Au/TiO2 catalysts from Au(I)–thiosulfate complex and study of their photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methyl orange

Gold loaded on TiO₂ (Au/TiO₂) catalysts were prepared using Au(I)–thiosulfate complex (Au(S₂O₃)₂³⁻) as the gold precursor for the first time. The samples were characterized by UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic absorption flame emission spectroscopy (AAS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) methods. Using Au(S₂O₃)₂³⁻ as gold precursor, ultra-fine gold nanoparticles with a highly disperse state can be successfully formed on the surface of TiO₂. The diameter of Au nanoparticles increases from 1.8 to 3.0 nm with increasing the nominal Au loading from 1% to 8%. The photocatalytic activity of Au/TiO₂ catalysts was evaluated from the analysis of the photodegradation of methyl orange (MO). With the similar Au loading, the catalysts prepared with Au(S₂O₃)₂³⁻ precursor exhibit higher photocatalytic activity for methyl orange degradation when compared with the Au/TiO₂ catalysts prepared with the methods of deposition–precipitation (DP) and impregnation (IMP). The preparation method has decisive influences on the morphology, size and number of Au nanoparticles loaded on the surface of TiO₂ and further affects the photocatalytic activity of the obtained catalysts.     

Lewis acid and base sites at the surface of microcrystalline TiO2 anatase: relationships between surface morphology and chemical behaviour

The relationships between morphology and Lewis acid and base character of surface sites of two types of titania powders (TiO₂ P25 and TiO₂ Merck) were studied by HRTEM and FTIR spectroscopy of adsorbed molecules. Electron micrographs revealed that TiO₂ P25 microcrystals have a prismatic shape, mainly exposing (0 0 1) and (0 1 0) surface planes. TiO₂ Merck powder, which exhibits a significantly lower specific surface area, appeared constituted by large roundish microcrystals. FTIR spectra of adsorbed CO indicated that Ti⁴⁺ ions exposed on (0 0 1) and (0 1 0) faces of TiO₂ P25 particles are Lewis acid centres significantly stronger than those present on the surface of TiO₂ Merck microcrystals. As in both cases the exposed cations are coordinated to five oxygen anions, the observed differences in Lewis acidity are ascribed to some difference in the geometric arrangement of the O²⁻ ligands. Such difference in structure affects the basicity of these centres also. In fact, a fraction of O²⁻ ions on the surface of TiO₂ P25 behave as basic centres toward CO₂ linearly adsorbed on neighbour Ti⁴⁺ centres, and then Lewis acid–base pairs can be recognised. By contrast, no basic activity towards CO₂ was detected for the TiO₂ Merck sample.

The two titania powders exhibited different chemical behaviour in condition of high surface hydration also. Hydroxyl groups on the surface of hydrated TiO₂ P25 are able to transform benzaldehyde molecules in hemiacetalic-like species, whereas C₆H₅CHO molecules are only weakly perturbed by interaction with the OH groups on TiO₂ Merck particles. This feature could be related to the different photocatalytic behaviour in the oxidation of toluene in gas phase, where benzaldehyde was found as a relevant intermediate species.     

低有机质污泥投加药剂联合低温热水解及后续厌氧发酵研究

污水厂污泥量日益增加,所含的有机物可用于厌氧发酵产甲烷,但目前多数污水处理厂多为低有机质污泥。本文围绕低有机质污泥投加不同药剂联合低温热水解对污泥溶解性物质变化及厌氧发酵规律的影响情况进行研究。结果表明,投加药剂联合低温热水解不仅有助于有机物[可溶糖、可溶蛋白和TVFA（挥发性有机酸（]的溶出与生成,而且有助于后续厌氧发酵产甲烷。在本实验所研究的低温热水解（污泥含固率为8%,热水解处理温度为90℃,处理时间为24 h）及药剂投加量[NaOH：0.018 g·（g DS（^-1、Ca（OH（₂：0.016 g·（g DS（^-1、CaCl₂：0.0375g·（g DS（^-1]的条件下,有机物溶出与生成的效果为NaOH> Ca（OH（₂> CaCl₂,其中热水解联合NaOH中可溶糖、可溶蛋白和TVFA浓度分别达到3051 mg·L^-1、10686 mg·L^-1和5740 mg·L^-1。对于产甲烷促进效果为NaOH> CaCl₂> Ca（OH（₂,其中投加NaOH后最大累积产甲烷量可达到101.9 ml·（g VS（^-1。