规整填料塔精馏的Marangoni效应

选用 6种代表性物系对陶瓷板波纹和不锈钢丝网规整填料进行全回流精馏实验 ,考察Marangoni效应对规整填料液体流动分布及传质的影响 .结果表明 :对纯有机体系 ,Marangoni效应影响较小 ;而对有机物的水溶液 ,Marangoni效应严重影响着填料的润湿和传质效率     

Marangoni效应与汽液传质过程

介绍Marangoni效应对液体混合物流型的影响,同时指出其影响传质过程的机理。在概述国内外这一领域的研究动态和进展的基础上,提出了在Marangoni效应作用下传质过程的控制与操作以及设计和开发新传质元件的思路与策略。     

精馏过程中转子对旋转填料床传质性能的影响

以甲醇水溶液为介质,在全回流、常压操作条件下,对3种转子的旋转填料床进行精馏实验。结果表明：旋转填料床的理论塔板数随超重力因子、气相动能因子和回流量的增大出现峰值,等板高度最小为9．5mm。转子Ⅲ的传质效率高于转子Ⅰ,低于转子Ⅱ。在实验基础上应用最小二乘法建立了转子Ⅰ的传质关联式。     

气液界面Marangoni效应对传质系数的影响

在气液相际传质过程中,界面Marangoni湍动会对传质过程产生重要的影响,为此,建立了一套气液接触传质设备,以使得通过N2与异丙醇稀溶液逆流接触将液体中使表面张力降低的溶质解吸出来,从而引发Marangoni湍动,提高传质速率。发生Marangoni对流时,液相的传质系数比只依靠扩散传质而不考虑Marangoni效应时大,因此引出增强因子F这一概念,通过计算F的值即可判断Marangoni效应对传质速率影响的程度。提出了一个包括Marangoni准数的计算传质系数关联式,其计算结果与实验结果相符．     

Marangoni效应与降膜传递过程

M arangon i效应在降膜传热、传质过程中广泛存在,并对这些过程有着显著影响。人们对M arangon i效应进行过大量的理论和实验研究。初步总结了近年来关于M arangon i效应的研究工作,并对其中的热点问题进行分析,进而展望了未来关于M arangon i效应的研究趋势。     

规整填料在高压精馏条件下的传质性能

Performance of Mellapak 250Y and 350Y corrugated structured packing in distillation applications at pressures ranging from 0.3 to 2.0MPa is analysed by using HTU-NTU method.These data are obtained in distillation column with 0.15m diameter operated with n-butane/n-pentane system at total reflux.In considering the axial backmixing effects.the height of an overall gas phase transfer unit,HTUOG,is divided into two parts.One part represents the height of an overall gas phase transfer unit,without backmixing, designated as HUTOG,and the other part,designated as the height of a backmixing unit(HBUO),accounts for the backmixing effects.The HTUOG is evaluated from the measured concentration profile of n-butane in liquid phase.The HBUO obtained experimentally is correlated in terms of the properties of the materials being separated and the equivalent diameter of the structured packing.Our result shows that HBUO varies from 0.12 to 0.34m as pressure increases from 1.0 to 1.9MPa.It indicates that the overall efficiency of the structured packing decreas gradually at high pressure,as a result of the vapor backmixing.     

旋转床填料内支撑对气膜控制传质过程的影响

采用（氨＋空气）－水这一典型的气膜控制传质体系，研究了旋转床（RPB）中填料内支撑对气膜控制传质过程的影响。实验结果表明：随着转速的增加，旋转率传质系数值提高；随着液量的增加，旋转床传质系数值降低。与无内支撑时情况相比，有内支撑时的传质效果变差。在40％－100％开孔率范围内，随着开孔率的增加，传质系数值缓慢升高，而内支撑在填料中安置位置对传质无明显影响。     

规整填料在加压精馏中的传质性能

高压精馏是现代过程工业中十分重要的分离过程 ,例如炼油工业中轻烃的分离 ,石油化工中乙烯、丙烯等低碳烃类的分离 ,都是经过高压精馏完成的 .高压精馏效率一般较在常压下有所降低 ,其中填料塔较板式塔下降更明显 ,故通常认为采用板式塔比较好 .但规整填料由于其大通量、低压降等优点 ,已经开始涉及高压领域 ,因此对规整填料在高压下的性能需进行测定和研究 .目前 ,对规整填料在高压下传质性能的研究 ,国外ＦＲＩ[1] 近年已开始进行 ,但其实验数据较少 ,在国内目前还属空白 .本文在国家重点精馏分离实验室高压热模精馏实验塔上进行了一系列…     

降膜传质过程Marangoni效应稳定性分析

通过建立降膜流动传质模型，并考虑液相流动及非线性浓度分布的影响，利用线性微扰理论得到了降膜流动传质过程Marangoni效应发生的理论临界条件.用所建立的降膜流动传质实验装置得出实测传质系数的变化，由此获得Marangoni效应发生的实测临界条件，实测值与理论值基本符合，从而为工业上常见的降膜流动传质过程中Marangoni现象的预测和利用提供了理论依据.     

Influence of the Marangoni Effect on Mass Transfer in Inclined Falling Films

The Marangoni effect on the mass transfer coefficient of falling films was investigated on inclined stainless‐steel plates to elucidate the influence on the mass transfer performance of structured packing surfaces. Desorption of ethanol from water generated the Marangoni effect in the liquid phase while the process of oxygen desorption from water was proceeded. The enhanced liquid phase mass transfer by the Marangoni effect was found to be related to the ethanol concentration in the liquid, inclination of the plate, and liquid flow condition. A generalized correlation was proposed to predict the effective enhancement factor of the system incorporated with the Marangoni effect.     

Influence of the Marangoni Effect on the Efficiency of Plate Columns for Binary Distillation

The main feature of a distillation process is its efficiency. The gas‐liquid bubbling layer formed on the trays and the ongoing mass‐exchange process during distillation is influenced by the change of the surface tension gradient during this mass‐exchange procedure. Binary mixtures with respect to the change of the surface tension effect can be divided into positive, negative, and neutral ones. In order to assess the effect of surface tension on mass transfer, the stabilization index quantity is applied, representing the product of the liquid phase process momentum and the surface tension gradient in the mixture of the liquid phase. One possibility to express the Marangoni efficiency enhancement ratio by experimental distillation data obtained under identical hydrodynamic conditions in two binary systems, i.e., a positive (methanol‐water) and a neutral one (methanol‐ethanol), is presented.     

立体传质塔板在乙酸甲酯精馏技改中的应用

选用立体传质塔板取代原乙酸甲酯萃取精馏塔的泡罩塔板进行技术改造,改造后扩产44％,节能约20％,塔压降减小43％,提高了产品质量,降低了原料消耗,技改的设备投资20万元,年增经济效益58．8万元,投资回收期为4个月。     

利用计算流体力学及计算传质的方法研究精馏塔传质效率

It has long been found that the flow pattern of the liquid phase on distillation tray is of great importance on distillation process performance. But until now, there was very few published work on quantitative investigation of this subject. By combining the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with the mass transfer equation, a theoretical model is proposed for predicting the details of velocity and concentration distributions as well as the tray efficiency of distillation tray column. Using the proposed model, four different cases corresponding to different assumptions of liquid and vapor flowing condition for a distillation tray column were investigated. In Case I, the distributions of velocity and concentration of the incoming liquid from the downcomer and the uprising vapor from the underneath tray spacing are uniform. In Case Ⅱ, the distribution of the incoming liquid is non-uniform but the uprising vapor is uniform. In Case Ⅲ, the distribution of the incoming liquid is uniform but the uprising vapor is non-uniform.In Case IV, the distributions of both the incoming liquid and the uprising vapor are non-uniform. The details of velocity and concentration distributions on a multiple sieve tray distillation column in four different cases were simulated using the proposed model. It is found that the shape of the simulated concentration profiles of vapor and the liquid is quite different from case to case. The computed results also show that the tray efficiency is highly reduced by the maldistribution of velocity and concentration of the incoming liquid and uprising vapor. The tray efficiency for Case Ⅰ is higher than Case Ⅱ or Case Ⅲ, and that for Case Ⅳis the lowest. It also reveals that the accumulated effect of maldistribution becomes more pronounced when the number of column trays increased. The present study demonstrates that the use of computational method to predict the mass transfer efficiency for the tray column, especially for the large one, is feasible.     

相间传质对气泡聚并过程影响的实验研究

设计了一套双气泡聚并实验系统,考察了相间传质对气泡聚并过程的影响,气相采用非相变的N2,液相为挥发性的丙酮和乙醇水溶液. 利用该系统测定了25~50℃温度下,不同组分浓度、鼓泡频率和气泡直径时气泡的聚并特性. 结果表明,相间传质诱导的Marangoni效应使聚并时间随温度升高呈先减小后增大的趋势,聚并时间的分散性在较高温度下显著增大,采用聚并效率描述气泡聚并特性更合适;聚并效率在温度升高到一定程度后开始降低并趋于最小值,该值随溶液浓度增加而减小,稳定因子可定量描述Marangoni效应;鼓泡速率和气泡直径增加1倍,最小聚并效率分别减小50%和67%.     

气液液三相精馏传质性能研究进展

介绍了气液液三相精馏塔板传质性能研究的进展情况,讨论了气速、液气比等操作条件,表面张力、界面张力、液体的粘度或分散粘度、密度和相对挥发度等物系性质以及油水体积比等多种参数对传质效率的影响,探讨了第二液相的存在对传质的影响,文中的许多观点和建议对于优化精馏塔的设计具有重要的指导意义。     

浆态鼓泡床反应器气液传质特性的研究进展

本文总结了有关浆态鼓泡床反应器气液传质特性的研究成果。详细地阐述了主要影响因素如系统压力、温度、气体表观气速、液体性质,固体浓度及其物性等对传质特性的影响,并对浆态鼓泡床传质模型进行了归纳介绍,最后对反应器未来的研究方向进行了预测。     

低表面张力物系在规整填料塔中的传质性能

为了研究低表面张力物系在高比表面积的规整填料塔中的流体力学性能和传质性能,选用正庚烷-甲基环己烷物系,在内径400mm的不锈钢精馏塔中对Mellapak 500Y和750Y型规整填料进行全回流精馏实验。通过测定气相负荷从小到大直至液泛的过程,得到了不同操作条件下的压降、泛点气速、传质效率的数据,给定了操作的极限。结果表明:750Y填料的传质效率优于500Y填料,但稳定性比500Y填料差,处理量比500Y填料小。且实验中气相负荷递增变化时的传质效率略低于气相负荷递减变化时的传质效率。同时,为了考察传质效率随塔高的变化,填料塔在不同高度处设置了4个取样口,测定了不同取样口中样品的组成。通过分析传质效率随塔高的变化,阐述了不同负荷范围内气相总体积传质系数沿塔高的变化规律。