过渡层对TiN涂层结合力的影响

研究了不同过渡层TiN涂层结合力的影响,用划痕法测定了临界载荷Lc,扫描电镜观察了划痕形貌。结果表明,4种TiN复合涂层的结合力和硬度均明显高于TiN单层,其中Ni－W过渡层地结合力提高幅度最大,并对TiN涂层起到有力的支撑作用。以M2为基体的TiN复合涂层的临界载荷均高于硬度较低的、以3Cr2W8V钢为基体的TiN复合涂层的临界载荷。     

不同温度下Ag/Cu复合界面的扩散处理

采用不同退火温度对室温轧制的Ag Cu复合板材进行了扩散处理 ,测定了界面的结合强度及基体硬度 ,观察了微观组织形态。结果指出 ,由于扩散处理可以改变界面结合状态和界面附近组织的局部应变能力 ,因而可以使结合强度发生显著变化。 4 0 0℃退火的扩散处理可使结合强度升高至最高值 ,再继续升高退火温度 ,结合强度下降。若退火温度超过共晶温度 ,则结合强度可再次升高。结合面两侧基体硬度随退火温度升高而下降。当退火温度高于 60 0℃后 ,结合面Ag侧出现细晶区。扩散处理温度升高 ,结合面两侧晶粒均明显增大 ,其中Ag侧晶粒的增大更为明显。     

通孔构型Ti6Al4V/Ti2AlC-TiAl基叠层复合板材的组织和性能

将Ti-Al-TiC混合粉末和通孔构型TC4钛合金箔(Ti6Al4V)依次叠放装入模具,采用放电等离子烧结技术( SPS)制备了珍珠层结构Ti6Al4V/Ti2 AlC-TiAl基叠层复合板材.采用XRD、SEM、EBSD等测试手段分析相组成及微观结构,测试其室温力学性能,研究其强韧化及断裂机理.结果表明,Ti2 AlC理论生成量为10% (质量分数)时,复合板材在垂直于叠层方向弯曲强度和断裂韧性达到最大值,分别为645. 77 MPa和25. 06 MPa· m1/2 .通孔构型TC4钛合金强韧层设计改变了裂纹扩展路径,使裂纹扩展驱动力不断被削弱,同时第二相Ti2 AlC对裂纹扩展也产生阻碍作用,从而提高了TiAl基叠层复合板材的综合力学性能.     

退火工艺对Zn/AZ31/Zn复合板材界面微观结构及力学性能的影响EI北大核心CSCD

采用热轧工艺制备Zn/AZ31/Zn复合板材,研究退火温度与时间对板材界面微观组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:退火温度对界面扩散层的形成影响较大,低温退火无法形成良好的界面扩散层,而在200℃退火,可获得由Mg4Zn7和MgZn2相组成的良好的冶金结合界面。较高的温度(300℃)导致界面脆性Mg2Zn11相的析出,而引发微裂纹。在同一温度下,退火时间的延长仅影响扩散层的厚度,对其相组成没有影响。退火处理使板材的强度降低,但是塑性有所提高,在200℃热处理1 h获得的复合板材综合力学性能较好。     

钢结硬质合金粉末/碳钢液相烧结复合过程研究

利用爆炸压制法压实钢结硬质合金粉末,采用真空液相烧结扩散复合法将压实后的钢结硬质合金粉末与碳钢结合,对复合界面结合强度进行抗拉强度测试.复合界面的SEM和EDS分析表明:在1350℃真空液相烧结过程中,金属粉末中各元素及硬质相分解出的C和W元素相互扩散,界面处及钢结硬质合金中出现复式碳化物,粉末自身形成致密合金的同时与碳钢基体达到良好冶金结合.     

钛-铜复合棒复合界面分析

用金相显微镜和扫描电镜等对挤压+拉伸法生产的钛-铜复合棒的结合界面进行了观测分析,并对复合棒的结合性能进行了测试.结果表明,复合棒的横向结合面为波形结构,界面上没有中间形成物,拉剪强度与T2铜棒材的抗拉强度相当.     

高速电弧喷涂再制造曲轴用复合涂层的设计与研究

为提高再制造曲轴的涂层性能和使用寿命,设计了FeAlCrNi/3Cr13、Ni95Al/3Cr13和1Cr13/3Cr13的3种复合涂层和不喷涂过渡层的3Cr13涂层,利用扫描电镜、能谱仪和微动摩擦磨损设备等测试技术分析了4种涂层的微观组织和微区成分组成,研究了喷涂不同过渡层对复合涂层结合强度的影响,重点考察了FeAlCrNi/3Cr13复合涂层的耐磨性能.结果表明, FeAlCrNi/3Cr13复合涂层组织致密,孔隙率约3.2%,氧化物含量低,涂层平均结合强度达到46.6 MPa,复合涂层在高载荷油润滑摩擦条件下的耐磨性能远高于基体45钢.FeAlCrNi/3Cr13复合涂层可以应用到高速电弧喷涂再制造修复曲轴产业中.     

爆炸焊接3Cr13Mo/42CrMo复合棒工艺研究

通过优化爆炸焊接工艺和采用顶柱以及复管加长的方式得到了无缩径和未结合区的爆炸焊接3Cr13Mo/42CrMo复合棒,试验表明,淬火热处理可将复合棒复层硬度提高35%,达到HRC54,同时还能进一步增加复合棒的界面结合强度。     

铜/钢液固相复合界面的结合强度

用液－固相复合法制备铜包钢线,研究了钢线表面的处理方法,预热温度,铜液的温度和复合时间等工艺参数对铜包钢线中界面结合强度的影响。结果表明,表面经酸洗、机械打磨并覆助镀剂的钢线,在４００℃预热复合后,钢线与铜层之间的结合效果好,界面结合强度达到９５ＭＰａ。     

中华人民共和国机械行业标准热作模具钢显微组织评级 JB/T 8420-96

1范围 本标准规定了常用热作模具钢马氏体和晶粒度的评定方法及评定级别. 本标准适用于5CrNiMo、5Cr4W5Mo2V、3Cr2W8V、3Cr3Mo3W2V、4Cr5MoSiV和4Cr3Mo2NiVNbB钢及其相近钢种制造的锤锻、机锻、热挤压、热冲裁和压铸模具的显微组织评级.     

金属陶瓷覆层-钢基体界面结合状态的研究

为提高钢基材料的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性,以金属Mo粉、Fe粉和B-Fe合金粉末为原料,采用原位反应真空液相烧结技术,在钢基体表面制备三元硼化物金属陶瓷覆层.测定了覆层-钢基体界面结合强度及界面结合区的显微硬度变化,研究了界面微观结构和界面区元素分布,并对覆层-钢基体界面层形成的机理进行了分析.结果表明,覆层与钢基体之间的断裂破坏发生于界面附近的钢基体和覆层内,而不是覆层与钢基体之间结合界面的剥离;在覆层-钢基体结合界面处,存在由高硬度覆层到低硬度钢基体的狭窄过渡区,合金元素的分布形成具有一定厚度的过渡层.     

Effect of Cr and Ni on diffusion bonding of Fe3Al with steel

Microstructure at the diffusion bonding interface between Fe₃Al and steel including Q235 low carbon steel and Cr18-Ni8 stainless steel was analysed and compared by means of scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The effect of Cr and Ni on microstructure at the Fe₃Al/steel diffusion bonding interface was discussed. The experimental results indicate that it is favourable for the diffusion of Cr and Ni at the interface to accelerate combination of Fe₃Al and steel during bonding. Therefore, the width of Fe₃Al/Cr18-Ni8 interface transition zone is more than that of Fe₃Al/Q235. And Fe₃Al dislocation couples with different distances, even dislocation net occurs at the Fe₃Al/Cr18-Ni8 interface because of the dispersive distribution of Cr and Ni in Fe₃Al phase.     

HARDOX 500/Q235B耐磨复合材料爆炸焊接试验研究

采用以Q235B为复层、以线状结合界面为微观判据设计爆炸焊接工艺,实现了HARDOX 500/Q235B耐磨复合材料的良好结合,结合性能和应用性能测试结果满足设计要求;金相观测结果表明,绝热剪切带是HARDOX 500复合材料产生宏观脆裂的内在原因。     

钛/钢双立式爆炸焊接参数优化

为解决大面积钛/钢爆炸焊接窗口窄,在结合区易出现"过熔"和"射流堆积"等微观缺陷的问题,开展了双立爆炸+轧制综合制造技术,进行了低爆速爆炸焊接用炸药试验优化,发明了一种最低临界爆速爆炸焊接用炸药,设计确定了刚性防护板和柔性防护墙构成的双立综合防护结构及参数,研究了钛/钢爆炸焊接装药厚度窗口.结果表明,双立钛/钢复合板结合界面成波状结合,几乎不存在金属熔化、漩涡等微观缺陷.     

铜/钢爆炸焊接头界面组织及力学性能研究

为了揭示铜/钢爆炸焊接的结合机理,采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和纳米压痕仪等对T2纯铜/Q245钢爆炸焊接头结合界面组织和微力学性能进行了分析.结果表明:T2纯铜/Q245钢爆炸复合板结合界面呈现较规则的正弦波形,界面结合良好,界面处原子发生强烈扩散,形成了过饱和铜钢固溶体;界面不同区域固溶体微力学性能不同,纳米硬度在2.02~3.08 GPa,弹性模量在129.6~172.1 GPa;由界面弹性模量分布云图可知,固溶体层连续分布在界面上,由于界面原子扩散程度不同,部分区域的固溶体层厚度很薄,在光镜下很难识别,而在波峰处固溶体则比较明显.固溶体的弹性模量均比铜基体的大,其原子键合强度强于铜基体原子,在一定程度上增强了界面的结合强度,从而使界面的结合强度高于铜基体;爆炸焊接头的拉剪试验断裂位置均位于铜侧,也证实了界面结合强度高于铜基体的强度。     

Arc deposited AlSi12 cladding layer on steel plate without zinc coating

ABSTRACT

AlSi12 cladding layer was fabricated on steel plate without zinc coating via cold metal transfer arc deposited technique. The wettability, morphologies, microstructures, and mechanical properties of the cladding layer were investigated. The cladding layer exhibited favourable wettability with steel plate. Large swing amplitude and high swing frequency were the key factors to achieve excellent wettability. The cladding layer was composed of primary Al dendrites and (Al?+?Si) eutectic structure, and the microstructures were refined. Continuous and thin intermetallic compound layer appeared at AlSi12/steel interface, and reliable bonding strength between the cladding layer and steel plate was achieved. The fracture surface exhibited both brittle fracture and ductile fracture.     

Comparative study on characteristics of hybrid laser-TIG welded AZ61/Q235 lap joints with and without interlayers

AZ61 Mg alloy to Q235 mild steel were lap joined using hybrid laser-TIG welding technique. At the joint interface and fusion zone (FZ), microstructure was revealed by scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy; element distribution was analyzed by electron probe micro-analyzer; intermediate phases were identified using X-ray diffraction test. Comparing with interlayer-free joints, the new intermediate phases Mg₂Ni and Mg₂Cu were generated in the FZ and at the Mg alloy/interlayer interface, and the solid solution of Ni or Cu in Fe was found along the edge of weld pool on steel side. It was found that direct joint without any interlayer was mechanical bonding, while Ni- and Cu-added joints were semi-metallurgical bonding. The joint shear strength was not only related to the penetration depth, but also related to the bonding mode. The strengthening effect on Cu-added joint was higher than that on Ni-added joint.     

冷金属过渡条件下AZ61镁合金在两种钢板上的润湿行为

采用动态座滴法研究冷金属过渡条件下,AZ61镁合金分别在Q235钢板和镀锌钢板表面的润湿行为及其界面微观结构。结果表明:润湿行为与焊接工艺参数中的送丝速率密切相关;无论基板采用镀锌钢还是Q235钢在界面处均观察到Al-Fe金属间化合物层,其形成符合热力学形成条件;在Q235钢表面润湿时,送丝速率增加,界面反应变得剧烈,因而润湿性变好,在镀锌钢表面润湿时,送丝速率增加,加剧锌的挥发,使裸露的表面显金属性,因而润湿性变好;当送丝速率≤10.5m·min~(-1)时,镁在Q235钢板上的润湿性要好于镀锌钢板,且后者锌的挥发将导致工艺不稳定。     

Research on honeycomb structure explosives and double sided explosive cladding

In order to resolve the current issues about the backward method of charge and low energy efficiency of explosives, honeycomb structure explosives and double sided explosive cladding were used in the present study. Honeycomb structure explosives are used to ensure the quality of charge. Double sided explosive cladding can clad two composite plates simultaneously. Honeycomb structure explosives and double sided explosive cladding, which significantly reduce the critical thickness of stable detonation of explosives, are used to increase the energy efficiency of explosives and save the amount of explosives. Emulsion explosives with the thickness of 5 mm can be stable detonation. In this paper, the experiment of double sided explosive cladding for two groups of steel of No. 45 with the thickness of 2 mm to steel of Q235 with the thickness of 16 mm and two groups of stainless steel with the thickness of 3 mm to steel of Q235 with the thickness of 16 mm were successfully investigated. Without constraints, the critical diameter of emulsion explosives is 14–16 mm. Compared to the existing explosive cladding method, the consumption of explosives for steel of No. 45 to steel of Q235 and stainless steel to steel of Q235 are reduced by 83% and 77% in the case of cladding the same number of composite plates. The explosive cladding windows and collision velocity of flyer plate were calculated before experiment. It shows that the calculation prefigures exactly the explosive cladding for steel of No. 45 to steel of Q235 and stainless steel to steel of Q235.     

Cold roll bonding of bimetallic sheets and strips

Abstract

The successful production of wide bimetallic sheets and strips by cold roll cladding depends on the technical solution of reduction of rolling load while still guaranteeing good bond quality. In the present paper, systematic experimental data on the cold roll cladding of aluminium–stainless steel, copper–stainless steel, and mild steel–stainless steel are correlated and the basic mechanism is discussed, aided by a scanning electron microscopy study of the separated interface. The effects of conventional rolling and cross-shear rolling (i.e. between rolls of differing peripheral speeds) on roll force and bonding strength are critically compared. It is found that use of the cross-shear cold rolling technique results in a significant reduction in rolling load for equal primary bonding strength and that the incorporation of an optimum final heat treatment considerably decreases the requirement on rolling.

MST/971