基于产业园区的创意城市空间构建——西方国家城市的相关经验与启示

创意城市是当今全球的热点议题之一,学术界从产业经济与社会角度进行了广泛的探讨与研究.西方国家一些城市以促进经济持续繁荣为目标,致力于构建创意城市并取得了一些进展.本文首先从空间角度阐述对创意城市涵义的理解,认为其核心特征是创意产业在城市中生根强盏并与城市空间的发展变化紧密结合,提出当前其空间构建的主要途径是发展创意产业基地;进而通过对西方国家创意城市空间构建案例的介绍分析,发现其成功经验是强调空间资源整合与用地功能的混合发展以及注重提升生活品质的设施建设,同时在一些具体发展模式上仍然存在尚待解决的问题.     

创意城市：让城市更精彩

继20世纪末世界各地掀起创意产业发展浪潮之后,创意城市正成为当今全球发展的新热点,人的创造力、文化、知识等无形资源正取代有形物质资源成为城市经济增长与财富创造的主要源泉,创意产业和创意人才在城市的集聚,也催生了创意经济和创意社会的萌芽,城市进入了由创意全面驱动的新阶段。当前,构建创意城市已经成为许多国家和城市的重点战略。     

创意城市:让城市更精彩

继20世纪末世界各地掀起创意产业发展浪潮之后,创意城市正成为当今全球发展的新热点,人的创造力、文化、知识等无形资源正取代有形物质资源成为城市经济增长与财富创造的主要源泉,创意产业和创意人才在城市的集聚,也催生了创意经济和创意社会的萌芽,城市进入了由创意全面驱动的新阶段。当前,构建创意城市已经成为许多国家和城市的重点战略。     

上海创意空间的崛起与城市复兴

创意城市已经成为当今世界城市发展的一个趋势,并对城市复兴有着重要的意义。探讨了创意产业与城市复兴之间的关系,解读了创意产业的空间集群特征,指出创意空间是城市复兴的新模式。选取了中国比较典型的创意城市上海作为研究对象,对上海创意空间的发展历程和发展动力进行分析。     

南京创意城市建设思考

创意城市是推动城市复兴和重生的新模式,是创新城市发展的初级形态。通过概括创意城市的注重产业、城市空间、价值主体重塑的特征,分析创意城市建设现状,提出打造全国重要文化创意中心城市的对策建议:构建良好的创意产业;从多维度打造便捷的创意平台;注重多元化文化体验,打造开发式创意空间;营造高品质的创意环境;融入百姓生活;推进社区设计师制度;营造适宜创意人才生存发展的优良生态。     

大都市产业升级、创意产业区生长与创意城市构建

创意产业兴起于大都市,并重组大都市产业空间、文化与社会空间;创意产业的发展以创意产业集聚区为载体,产业区的空间效应及其空间运动,直接重组后工业大都市空间结构。研究发现"大都市产业升级—创意产业区形成与演化—大都市空间重构—创意都市建设"不仅是创意城市建设的实践范式,而且破解了"创意城市"假说,使其从空想走向大都市行动计划,从而有效推动21世纪中国创意城市的理论探索与建设实践。     

当代的西方国家城市公共空间设计思考

通过对西方城市现状及其发展演变历程及城市设计理论的分析，从人居环境科学的角度介绍了西方国家城市空间复兴的经验，并对敦国城市景观设计提出了几点建议。     

城市观嬗变与创意城市空间构建:核心内容与研究框架

提出城市观概念,对其组成及演进规律进行梳理与诠释;阐述创意经济对城市物质空间、日常生活空间、城市新兴空间的影响,提出了创意空间,并阐明其形成机理:进而结合城市现演进趋势构架了创意城市的研究内容与基本框架,并论证了创意城市的空间观念与创意城市空间的系统框架及其分析方法.     

创意城市背景下工业遗存盘活策略研究——以苏州胥江姑苏段为例

随着城市更新进程加快,工业遗存失去活力的问题屡见不鲜,创意城市作为苏州市的重要发展战略,其发展路径与工业遗存的更新模式契合,如何盘活工业遗存以促进创意城市发展成了重要议题。文章基于苏州市文化创意产业发展现状和空间聚集特征,以苏州胥江姑苏段为例,依据该地段的工业遗存资源特征,研究其文化创意产业发展可行性,并依托创意城市理论,从物质空间、创意产业、参与主体等方面提出工业遗存盘活策略。     

城市文化创意园区研究--以台北华山1914文化创意园区为例

文化创意园区是文化创意产业在空间上出现群聚,产业之间连接而形成的结果。不可忽略的是,文化创意园区的形成与后工业时代都市产业结构的改变是有关的,其与都市的发展是息息相关的。延续中西方文献对都市中闲置空间再利用的研究成果,结合文化产业的创新与文化园区的设置,引导出台湾文化产业与文化园区的设置,并以华山1914为例,分析台北市与设置文化园区的利害关系。台湾设置文化创意园区、对台湾的后工业时期经济的发展、产业结构的转型,产业能量的提升、城市营销高附加价值的创造有很大的正面影响。     

创意城市的国际经验与本土化建构

“创意城市”作为一种新兴的城市发展理念,近年来在国内逐渐掀起了理论和实践的探索热潮.论文探讨了创意城市产生的时代背景、理论内涵及实践发展等,指出当前国内建设创意城市存在的五大误区,并在借鉴国际经验的基础上,提出我国创意城市本土化实践的基本框架.     

Creative Industries,Inequality and Social Development: Developments,Impacts and Challenges in Cape Town

Creative industries are often regarded as avenues for urban regeneration, economic development and job creation. The growth of creative industries is linked to post-Fordist economic restructuring in cities. As a result, the economic base of cities has moved away from manufacturing to knowledge-intensive and service-based industries. While countries in the Global South generally contribute marginally to the global economy, some countries are seeking to enhance their competitiveness in the global environment and gain from opportunities presented by the creative economy. Policymakers in the Global South have therefore adopted creative industry policies, and often link these to social development outcomes. However, this presents various challenges. The literature indicates that creative industries can exacerbate existing inequalities and marginalise working class residents. Furthermore, the benefits of creative urban renewal do not necessarily reach poor communities. This paper contributes to debates regarding the role of creative industries in the urban economies of cities in the Global South. This reflects on the impacts of creative urban renewal, and the implications for social development and policy. It also considers recent development and challenges around creative industry promotion in Cape Town, with specific reference to the city-fringe neighbourhood of Woodstock.     

我国创意城市发展理念之反思

重点关注我国构建创意城市过程中片面的概念理解、空洞趋同的目标定位和单一的建设模式三方面的问题,在前人研究成果的基础上以城市创意氛围、创意特质为视角重新诠释创意城市的本质,并将其在创新活动的不同阶段——创意理念的产生直至形成一定规模的产业——渗入到城市的经济、社会和政策法规层面,以此指导创意城市的合理定位和多样化模式的建设,从而使其拥有更健康美好且可持续的发展前景。     

创意城市:概念问题和政策审视

本文代表对创意城市的性质和重要性所进行的一种宽泛而偶然的辩证性思考。作者试图将创意城市放在所谓新经济的背景下,追索这些现象与技术、生产结构、劳动力市场和区位集聚动力之间的联系。我特别希望揭示新经济的结构是如何释放现代城市中的经济和文化创新的特定历史形式的。本文关注各种政策问题,而且更重要的是决策者在企图建立创意城市时面临的一般可能和局限。本文也探讨了全球化的影响,特别提及全球范围的与竞争和合作密切相关的创意城市网络的预期出现。在结论部分,我特别指出创意城市的实际和潜在的某些黑暗面。     

CREATIVE CITIES: CONCEPTUAL ISSUES AND POLICY QUESTIONS

Abstract: This article represents a broad and occasionally polemical meditation on the nature and significance of creative cities. I seek to situate the concept of creative cities within the context of the so‐called new economy and to trace out the connections of these phenomena to recent shifts in technologies, structures of production, labor markets, and the dynamics of locational agglomeration. I try to show, in particular, how the structures of the new economy unleash historically specific forms of economic and cultural innovation in modern cities. The argument is concerned passim with policy issues and, above all, with the general possibilities and limitations faced by policymakers in any attempt to build creative cities. The effects of globalization are discussed, with special reference to the prospective emergence of a worldwide network of creative cities bound together in relations of competition and cooperation. In the conclusion, I pinpoint some of the darker dimensions—both actual and potential—of creative cities.     

论创意阶层与城市发展

当代社会,知识与创意正在替代传统自然资源和有形劳动成为城市经济增长的主要源泉,而创意型人才则自然而然成为城市可持续发展的决定性力量.创意阶层作为工人阶层、服务阶层之外兴起的又一个新的社会阶层,是培育基于学习、革新和时尚生活方式的新城市经济动力.从地理上看,创意阶层具有独特的区位偏好,创意阶层往往集中在那些能够提供宽松的社会氛围和各种就业机会的多样化城市和区域,创意阶层的密集度与地方多样性呈正相关.从城市发展来看,创意阶层的相对密度与地方经济增长呈正相关,一个城市和地区对于移民、艺术家、同性恋、波希米亚风以及社会经济和种族融合的开放程度与其经济质量的高低有着密切的关系,而创意阶层的集中程度与地方创新和高科技产业生长也有一定的相关性,创意阶层集中的城市往往也是创新和高科技产业发达的创意中心.     

文化创意产业园规划设计探讨——以武汉创意产业园为例

创意产业作为中国社会从劳动密集型社会向知识密集型社会转化过程中的新生事物,正活跃在中国部分发达城市的经济体系中,为人们所关注.武汉作为中部地区特大中心城市,也正尝试以创意产业来推动城市的发展与建设.武汉市洪山区创意产业园,既重使用空间的内需性和科学性,亦重视互动空间的情景性及灵动性;既重产业流程的专业性、特质性,更重艺术创造所需的个人性和多维性.     

The Film Industry and South African Urban Change

Internationally there has been considerable discussion on the role that creative industries play as a strategy by which post-Fordist cities can revive stagnant urban economies. Among those sectors of the economy that form part of the creative industries, the filming sector counts as one. On the whole, these debates have been conducted with reference to the post-industrial cities of the north. Little attention has been placed on the role of the filming sector in the developing south generally, its spatial distribution, and its relationship to other economic and social geographies in those urban places. The paper provides a spatial analysis of the filming industry in urban South Africa and relates it to general economic and social geographies in two South African cities that have identified the filming industry as a key development strategy. In addition, an agenda for future research, in particular pertaining to urban South Africa is outlined. It is concluded that there is a broader urban planning and geography project at hand. Questions need to be asked about how the filming industry interacts with other government programmes and the ongoing transformation of physical and symbolic spaces in urban South Africa.     

Suburbs for nations? Some interdisciplinary connections on the suburban economy

This paper reviews the (primarily North American and European) literature for signs of the economic significance of suburbs. It has been common to view suburbs as economically inert. Yet as national economies have continued to grow, the bulk of urbanisation and national economic activity has been suburban. If suburbs have been important in quantitative terms to the growth of national economies, it is less clear what if any qualitative contribution suburbs have made to national economies. There is, for example, considerable uncertainty over whether the suburban economy possesses the sorts of agglomeration economies that sustain central cities. Moreover, whilst segments of what have been referred to as the ‘creative class’ continue to underpin central cities, selective out-migration from cities suggests that yet other segments may be apparent in suburbia and beyond. The inequity of private and social costs and benefits across city-regions is by now quite well appreciated. The fact that ‘the nation’ is one of the largest net beneficiaries in this inequitable pattern of growth is less appreciated but points to interesting links to be made between the economics literature, on the one hand, and the political economy literature, on the other hand. It is the latter which indicates how the economic vibrancy of outer suburbs has been licensed by nation-state restructuring in both the Fordist and post-Fordist era.     

Creative communities and the cultural economy — Insadong,chaebol urbanism and the local state in Seoul

Creative communities that arise in a cultural milieu of place-based social relationships are being targeted for cultural economy strategies to revitalize cities in Asia. The dominance of a small number of family owned conglomerates, chaebol, in the economy and politics of South Korea represents an extreme case of the corporatization of citymaking that drives cultural economy policies. The experience of the historic district of Insadong, Seoul, illustrates the resulting loss of vernacular heritage, gentrification and commodification of creative community life-spaces under the cultural economy banner. At the same time, democratization and the rise of civil society have provided openings for grassroots organizations to seek to protect and support local cultural spaces as sites for creative engagements in urban life. Recent success of grassroots mobilizations in countering corporatization by electing an activist as mayor of Seoul points to the need to give greater attention to role of the local state in sustaining creative communities.