聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵在给水除藻中的作用

在原水浊度大于100NTU时,聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵阳离子絮凝剂作为水处理中的助凝剂能明显提高混凝效果,降低出水浊度,提高除藻率。但聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵投加量不能超过0.2mg/L,投量过大反而降低混凝效果,适宜投量为0.1～0.2mg/L,其最佳投加条件为先投聚合氯化铝20mg/L再投聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵0.1～0.2mg/L。在pH值为7～8的中性原水中,经处理出水沉淀后浊度可降至3NTU,除藻率为86.1%。     

聚硅硫酸铝处理黄浦江原水中试研究

用聚硅硫酸铝处理黄浦江原水进行中试研究,以解决冬季低温时硫酸铝混凝效果不佳的问题,结果表明:与硫酸铝相比,在相同投加量情况下,聚硅硫酸铝沉淀池出水浊度可降低50%;在投加量为硫酸铝1/2情况下,聚硅硫酸铝沉淀池出水的浊度仍低于硫酸铝沉淀池出水;残留的铝含量降低,而残留硅的含量没有增加,但投加聚硅硫酸铝会导致滤池水头损失增加。     

聚硅硫酸铝处理长江水的生产性应用研究

用聚硅硫酸铝处理长江水进行生产性应用研究,研究结果表明:与硫酸铝相比,聚硅硫酸铝可降低混凝剂投加量20%~30%;在混凝剂投加量相近时,浊度平均值降低20%～50%;可以增大澄清池处理量15%;投加聚硅硫酸铝,滤池的主要运行参数及效能没有受到不利的影响.     

磁加载絮凝工艺处理城市生活污水的试验研究

采用磁加载絮凝工艺对城市生活污水进行处理,研究了PAC投加量、PAM投加量、磁粉投加量、搅拌速率、磁粉投加顺序对污水浊度去除效果的影响。结果表明:在一定范围内,增加磁粉和PAC投加量能提高污水浊度去除率;随着PAM投加量的增加,浊度去除率呈现先升高后降低的趋势;搅拌速率过快或过慢均会降低污水浊度去除效果;磁粉投加顺序越提前对污水浊度去除效果越有利。最佳工艺条件为:先投加350 mg/L的磁粉,再投加30 mg/L的PAC,快速搅拌4 min(350 r/min),然后投加2.5 mg/L的PAM,慢速搅拌3 min(100r/min)。在此条件下,浊度去除率最大值为95.3%。     

聚硅酸铝铁对晚期渗滤液难降解有机物的絮凝研究

采用聚硅酸铝铁为絮凝剂,聚丙烯酰胺为助凝剂对晚期垃圾渗滤液进行混凝沉淀处理,采用单因素试验分别研究了聚硅酸铝铁投加量、pH、聚丙烯酰胺投加量对有机物、浊度去除的影响,并进行了三因素三水平正交试验探究了最佳投加工况。试验结果表明,当聚硅酸铝铁投加量为5.1 g/L,pH为6,聚丙烯酰胺投加量为2 mg/L时,晚期垃圾渗滤液中的有机物可被有效去除,COD最高去除率可达62%,其中UV_(254),TOC去除率分别均可达51%、63%,出水浊度可降低70%。混凝处理出水与未经任何处理原液经三位荧光光谱法进行了有机物成分分析,多种难降解有机物均得到有效去除,其中富里酸类物质去除效果最好,去除率可达43%。     

聚氯化铝盐基度对原水混凝效果及残留铝的影响

采用山西省某地表水厂生活饮用水净化工艺(混凝/沉淀/过滤/消毒),在原水中投加不同盐基度(73％～88％)的聚氯化铝(PAC)混凝剂,投加量为2.0 mg/L(以Al2O3计),可控制沉淀水浊度在0.2NTU～0.4NTU,明显低于《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)中规定的限值(1NTU).盐基度不同,...     

氯化铁用于低浊度原水的絮凝试验研究

针对浊度为2~4 NTU的原水,以氯化铁为絮凝剂确定了絮凝反应的最佳pH和氯化铁最佳投加量,并比较了高岭土、硅藻土和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)的助凝效果。研究结果表明:pH在8.0时有较好的絮凝效果,氯化铁最佳投加量为3.2~3.8 mg/L;高岭土最佳投加范围3~4 mg/L,浊度去除率可达75.1%;硅藻土最佳投加量为2 mg/L,浊度去除率可达75.7%;PAM最佳投加量为0.2 mg/L,浊度去除率可达87.1%。采用PAM助凝效果最好,可有效提高混凝沉淀效果。     

聚硅酸铁处理低温低浊水的研究

用自制的聚硅酸铁(PSF)作混凝剂进行低温低浊水的烧杯搅拌实验,考察其混凝性能,并与硫酸铁混凝剂进行对比。结果表明,水温低于8℃,pH值为7.03,浊度为7.1度时,PSF、硫酸铁+聚硅酸、硫酸铁在投加量相同时,PSF用量最少,且PSF投药范围广,水样沉降性能好;PSF投加量低于40mg/L时,对处理后的水的pH值影响较小,pH值符合饮用水标准。     

磁絮凝技术深度处理焦化废水的试验研究

采用磁絮凝技术对焦化废水生化出水进行试验研究,以CODCr、氨氮、浊度去除率为考察指标,讨论了聚合硫酸铁(PFS)投加量、聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)投加量、磁粉投加量、沉降时间、投加方式等因素对处理效果的影响。结果表明:先投加磁粉,再投加PFS,最后加絮凝剂PAM的投加方式最好,磁粉最佳投加量为400 mg/L,PFS最佳投加量为800 mg/L,PAM最佳投加量为8 mg/L,最佳沉降时间为20 min。CODCr、氨氮、浊度去除率分别达到62.5%、22.3%和92.2%。采用该技术既可提高絮凝效果,又缩短了沉降时间,有很好的现实意义。     

臭氧+混凝沉淀处理微污染水试验研究

研究臭氧 混凝沉淀处理低温微污染水的净水效果.采用静态试验,改变臭氧投加量,接触氧化时间等参数,分别对比了CODMn、浊度和色度的去除效果.臭氧投加量为3 mg·L-1接触氧化时间为15 min时,沉淀后出水的高锰酸盐指数、浊度、色度比直接采用聚合氯化铝混凝的去除率分别提高了5.4%、20.3%和20.1%.对于低温微污染水源水,臭氧 混凝沉淀工艺能有效地去除有机物、浊度、色度,使处理后水质达到饮用水水质标准.     

生活饮用水中铁含量的测定

铁作为生活饮用水质常规检验一般化学限量指标必测项目,同时铁也是动物组织和血液中重要元素,铁与血红蛋白、肌红蛋白、细胞色素和其他酶的合成,并参与氧的运输。其测定方法有原子吸收、原子发射光谱法、邻二氮菲分光度法等,前两种需要较昂贵的仪器不便于基层推广使用。为此,我选择邻二氮菲分光光度法测铁的含量。     

Nanofiltration Membrane Process for the Removal of Arsenic from Drinking Water

The removal of arsenic from drinking water by nanofiltration membranes was investigated. Experiments were conducted with tap water to which arsenate and arsenite were added. Two types of nanofiltration membranes, i.e., NF‐90 and NF‐200, have been tested. The effect of various operating conditions, e.g., applied pressure, feed concentration, pH and temperature, were also investigated. The pH and arsenic concentration in the feed and the operating temperature are found to be decisive factors in determining the arsenic concentration remaining in the permeate. The level of removal of As(V) was higher than 98 % for both membranes, but that of As(III) was much lower. It can be concluded that by controlling the operating parameters, source water containing As(V) may be recovered as drinking water to EPA maximum contaminant level quality standards, but that water containing As(III) must undergo a pre‐oxidation treatment before passing through the nanofiltration membrane in order to maintain drinking water quality.     

高效液相色谱．柱后衍生法检测水中呋喃丹残留量的方法研究

使用安捷伦TC一18（2）反相色谱柱和固相萃取小柱SampliQC18,固相萃取一柱后衍生．高效液相色谱的方法测定水中呋喃丹含量。结果表明该方法快速、灵敏度高、精密度好,能满足生活饮用水中呋喃丹痕量的检测要求,饮用水和纯水中高低两种浓度呋喃丹的加标回收率都在80％-110％之间,相对标准偏差为6．8％～13．5％,呋喃丹的检出限为0．033μg/L,低于国标0．125μg/L的检出限。直接进样400μL的试验结果表明,饮用水和纯水中10μg/L呋喃丹的加标回收率分别为84．8％和92．5％,相对标准偏差分别为22．3％和16．2％,呋喃丹的检出限为0．47μg/L,高于国标0．125斗班的检出限,但非常适合突发水质污染时的应急检测。     

镇江市饮用水有机物分子量分布特性的研究

研究分析了镇江市原水、净水工艺和管网水中有机物分子量分布的变化特性.试验结果表明：原水水质较好,溶解性有机物含量维持在1.4～2.8mg/L之间,小分子有机物占溶解性有机物的主要部分;与常规处理相比,臭氧活性炭深度处理能有效提高DOC和UV254的去除效果;各个处理流程对大于1000分子量区间的有机物去除效果较好;氯和臭氧氧化能使有机物由高分子量区间向低分子量区间推移.     

二氧化氯在饮用水消毒工艺中的应用

二氧化氯作为饮用水消毒剂应用越来越广泛。介绍了二氧化氯的理化性质、消毒机理;分析了其在饮用水处理领域的应用范围和优缺点,讨论了二氧化氯作为水消毒剂时存在的问题。研究结果表明二氧化氯作为一种新型的消毒剂在饮用水处理中有广阔的应用前景。     

水体中残余铝的含量、组分、危害及控制研究进展

饮用水及水分配系统中的残余铝问题已引起人们的广泛关注。该文在介绍饮用水中残余铝浓度的增加对人体健康、生态系统、水处理工艺和水分配系统可能造成的危害的基础上,列举了国内外饮用水中铝含量的限制标准,分析了影响残余铝浓度及其组分分布的因素,同时详细论述了给水处理中残余铝的组分分离方法以及降低饮用水中残余铝浓度的有效途径,并提出了今后残余铝方向研究工作的建议,以期为在实际饮用水处理中有效控制残留铝含量提供一定的理论指导。     

Ozonation of Drinking Water: A Design Methodology

The formation of potentially carcinogenic organic halides has been shown to result from drinking water disinfection with chlorine. xidative treatment of organic halide precursors with ozone prior to chlorination has surfaced as an attractive technique for reducing the formation of these compounds. In addition to reduction of precursor levels, preozonation has been reported to effect other beneficial results in water treatment. This paper presents design methodologies to optimize the implementation of the ozonation process for water treatment applications. Pre-design considerations common to all ozonation design processes are discussed. Subsequently, design procedures for the ozone generation and contacting systems are reviewed.     

花山校区饮用水的处理

对花山校区饮用水处理的专题试验。根据饮用水的试验和分析结果，选出水的处理方案。     

饮用水中高氯酸盐的研究进展

高氯酸盐是一种新型的持久性污染物质,其摄入人体后影响甲状腺功能,降低甲状腺荷尔蒙的合成和分泌能力,从而抑制人体正常的新陈代谢和生长发育。但我国关于高氯酸盐污染的研究基本没有开展,这里介绍了高氯酸盐的污染特点、毒理效应等,并且讨论了几种饮用水中高氯酸盐的脱除方法。     

A Case Study of the DAF-based Drinking Water Treatment Plant in Korea

Abstract

Since 2003, a full-scale dissolved air flotation (DAF) process has been operated by the Korea Water Resources Corporation (K-Water) in the Songjeon drinking water treatment plant (SWTP). The SWPT was designed with an adaptable operation mode so that it is able to produce safe and stable drinking water, even when the raw water is in very poor condition. The adaptable operation mode is able to buffer the dramatic change in the characteristics of the raw water. During the service period of 2003 to 2006, the SWTP has shown a constantly sound performance for the treatment of high turbid water (64–430 NTU), yielding a significantly low level of turbidity (DAF treated water, 0.15 ～ 1.16 NTU; anthracite filtered water, 0.02–0.09 NTU). In terms of the DAF process, this work focused on suggesting some practical solutions that would cope with several difficult problems that occurred in the DAF-based drinking water treatment plant. These problems included the unexpected high turbidity occurring during the heavy rainfall season, the scraper problem due to the shortage of feed water to the DAF process, and the increase of turbidity due to the use of powder activated carbon (PAC) prior to the DAF process. In addition, from a cost-effective perspective, the relationship between the recycle ratio and the operating cost was investigated in the DAF process under two different recycle ratio conditions.